小學(xué)英語可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞詳解與練習(xí)

1、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞一、名詞：名詞是所有事物的名稱，包括人、物及抽象概念。名詞分為普通名詞和專有名詞兩 大類。名詞在句子中作主語，賓語或表語等。1) 可數(shù)名詞（countable nouns ）: 一般來說個體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計算，稱為 可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)變化如下： 詞尾直接加 s 如：catcats bagbags daydays 以 s, sh, ch, x 結(jié)尾的詞加 es 如：classclas

2、ses, matchmatches ,box- boxes, dish - dishes, bus - buses, peach - peaches . 以輔音加 y 結(jié)尾的詞變 y 為 i 加 es. 元音加 y 結(jié)尾的詞直接加 s,如: party-parties city-cities story-stories family-families baby - babies boy- toys monkey- monkeys key- keys 等. 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的詞, 變 f 或 fe 為 v, 加 es,如: wife - wives, half- halves, shelf

3、 shelves, knife - knives, life-lives, leaf-leaves. 注意特殊情況直接加“s”，要逐個記 chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs. 以輔音加 o 結(jié)尾的詞常加 es, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加 o 結(jié)尾直接加 s.如:radios, zoos, pianos, roof特殊情況: photos 名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)特殊變化也要逐個記得如: man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth,goose-geese, foot-feet, child-children, mo

4、use-mice, ox oxen.（注意：以下單復(fù)同形：deer, sheep, species, means, chinese, japanese）2) 不可數(shù)名詞（ uncountable nouns）不可數(shù)名詞不能用數(shù)字計算包括物質(zhì)名詞( air, water 等)及抽象名詞(advice, hate) 等。所 以它通常只有單數(shù)形式。如：english, air, water, cotton, work不可數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量時，可以用量詞來表達 ( 量詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式 ) 其結(jié)構(gòu)是數(shù)詞 + 量詞 +of+ 名詞。如：a bottle of water, two cups of tea, thr

5、ee pieces of paper不可數(shù)名詞的類別： 食物：food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter （黃油）,cream. 液體：water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine. 表示自然現(xiàn)象：snow, ice ,rain, air. 其他類：money, news ,homework, housework, advice（意見）,information（信息，資料） time, work , room( 空間), music, weather ,space, sand, furn

6、iture（家具）,注意：下列詞語在不同含義下詞性的不同。chickenfish雞肉（不可數(shù)名詞） 魚肉（不可數(shù)名詞）雞（可數(shù)名詞） 魚的種類（可數(shù)名詞）roomglasspaper空間（不可數(shù)名詞） 玻璃（不可數(shù)名詞） 紙張（不可數(shù)名詞）房間（可數(shù)名詞） 杯子（可數(shù)名詞） 試卷（可數(shù)名詞）experience經(jīng)驗（不可數(shù)名詞）經(jīng)歷（可數(shù)名詞）注意事項：1 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)變化，不能用 a，an，但可用 the ，或不用冠詞，如：bread is the usual breakfast.2 雖然不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)變化，但量詞超過一時要加復(fù)數(shù)。如：three cups of coffee, f

7、ive bottles of water3有量詞修飾時注意名詞是否可數(shù)，不可數(shù)時用單數(shù)，可數(shù)時用復(fù)數(shù)，如：ten bags of rice- ten baskets of eggs跟蹤練習(xí)i. 找出下列笑話中的可數(shù)名詞，并寫出其復(fù)數(shù)形式：in the market, a buyer asked a seller “how much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “but you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “yes, thats true. but this cat ate a bird last ni

8、ght and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”ii.找出不可數(shù)名詞，在橫線上打勾，并將可數(shù)名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式：homework _half _ advice_ money _ knowledge _boot _ blood _ music _ chicken _heat _mouth _bread _ information _milk _cow _tear _iii.選擇填空：1the deer has four _.a. foot b. feet c. feets d. foots2her two brothers are both _.a. policema

9、n b. policemans c. policemen d. policemens3there are four _ and two _ in the group.a. japanese, germen b. japaneses, germen c. japanese, germans4two _ would come to the village.a. woman-doctors b. women doctor c. women doctors d. woman doctors5 can you see nine _ in the picture? a. sheep b. dog c. p

10、ig d. horse6 the _ has two _.a. boys, watches b. boy, watch c. boy, watches d. boys, watch7the boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed.a. tooth b. tooths c. teeth d. teeths8the japanese _ will not leave china until she finishes her study.a. woman b. women c. man d. men9there are lots of _ in t

11、he basket on the table.a. tomatos b. tomato c. tomatoes d. tomatoss10. the cat caught two _ last night.a. mouses b. mice c. mouse d. mices11.the boys have got c already.a. two bread b. two breads c. two pieces of bread d. two piece of bread 12. the old man wants a .a. six boxes of apples b. six boxe

12、s of apple c. six box of apples d. six boxs of apples 13. there b some in the river.a. is, fish b. are, fishs c. is, fishs d. are, fish14. our english teacher often gives us _in english by e-mail.a. some good information b. some good informationsc. good informations d. a good information15.i would l

13、ike to have _.a. two glasses of milk b. two glass of milkc. two glasses of milks d. two glass of milks16.what are you listening to, jack? _or_?a .music, a news b. music, news c. musics, news d. music, newes17.i have _to do on sundays.a. many housework b. much houseworkc. many houseworks d. much houseworks18. many farmers have got lots of _and got much money by selling the_.a. cow, beef b. cows, beef c. cow, beefs d. cows, beefs19.-would you like some_?-oh, yes, just a little.a. milk b. apple c. pears d.