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1、1 Unit 4 Matriculation Fixation 2 Joe Queenan 3 Joe Queenan is a cultural critic and movie reviewer, living in Tarrytown, NY. He is a regular contributor to The New York Times, Barrons and The Los Angeles Times, a columnist for Chief Executive, and writes about movies and music for Great Britains Th

2、e Guardian. He published ten books, including Queenan Country (2005) and Balsamic Dreams: A Short But Self-important History of the Baby Boomer Generation (2006). 4 2014年3月5日,2014泰晤士報(bào)高等教 育周刊世界大學(xué)聲譽(yù)排名新鮮出爐。前 十名的學(xué)校毫無懸念地被英美所壟斷,哈哈 佛大學(xué)佛大學(xué)仍然高居榜首,麻省理工麻省理工以90.4的 評分緊隨其后;亞洲排名最高的為東京大東京大 學(xué)學(xué),得分為27.7,該校同樣也是非英美高 校的第

3、一名,亞洲高校共有17所進(jìn)榜,其 中中國高校有6所;相比于去年,清華大學(xué) 下降一名排在全球第36位,而北京大學(xué)則 升至41位。 5 World Reputation Rankings 2014 Rank Institution Location Overall score 1 Harvard University United States 100.0 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) United States 90.4 3 Stanford University United States 74.9 4 University of

4、Cambridge United Kingdom 74.3 5 University of Oxford United Kingdom 67.8 6 University of California, Berkeley United States 63.1 7 Princeton University United States 35.7 8 Yale University United States 30.9 9 California Institute of Technology (Caltech) United States 29.2 10 University of Californi

5、a, Los Angeles (UCLA) United States 6 11 The University of Tokyo Japan 27.7 12 Columbia University United States 21.6 13 Imperial College London United Kingdom 20.9 14 University of Chicago United States 20.8 15 University of Michigan United States 18.9 16 ETH Zrich Swiss Federal Institute of Techno

6、logy Zrich Switzerland 17.4 17 Cornell University United States 16.9 18 Johns Hopkins University United States 16.8 19 Kyoto University Japan 15.1 20 University of Toronto Canada 7 College Students 8 世界大學(xué)排名世界大學(xué)排名 世界大學(xué)排名是在一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,通過對各國世界大學(xué)排名是在一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,通過對各國 大學(xué)在多方面的數(shù)據(jù)、報(bào)告、成就、聲望等指針大學(xué)在多方面的數(shù)據(jù)、報(bào)告、成就、聲望等指針 進(jìn)行數(shù)

7、量化,再經(jīng)過加權(quán)后形成的排序。當(dāng)前世進(jìn)行數(shù)量化,再經(jīng)過加權(quán)后形成的排序。當(dāng)前世 界大學(xué)排名機(jī)構(gòu)主要有界大學(xué)排名機(jī)構(gòu)主要有美國新聞和世界報(bào)道美國新聞和世界報(bào)道 (USNWR),英國),英國泰晤士報(bào)高等教育特刊泰晤士報(bào)高等教育特刊, QS世界大學(xué)排名世界大學(xué)排名,上海交通大學(xué)世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)上海交通大學(xué)世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù) 排名排名(ARWU),西班牙政府國家研究委員會的西班牙政府國家研究委員會的 Webometrics排名排名。排名對于大學(xué)的形象推廣與。排名對于大學(xué)的形象推廣與 其國際合作對象的行銷上,有著深遠(yuǎn)的重要性。其國際合作對象的行銷上,有著深遠(yuǎn)的重要性。 這樣的合作關(guān)系對于研究水平、學(xué)術(shù)項(xiàng)目和學(xué)生這

8、樣的合作關(guān)系對于研究水平、學(xué)術(shù)項(xiàng)目和學(xué)生/ 師資的交換,對未來的學(xué)生來說,具有指標(biāo)性的師資的交換,對未來的學(xué)生來說,具有指標(biāo)性的 作用。作用。 9 泰晤士報(bào)泰晤士報(bào) 高等教育世界大學(xué)排行榜高等教育世界大學(xué)排行榜 其世界大學(xué)排行榜5類衡量參數(shù)以及權(quán)重分 別是: 1. 授課(評估學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境)30%, 2. 論文引用影響(測算研究影響力)32.5%, 3. 研究 (包括數(shù)量、收入和名聲) 30%, 4. 國際師資和學(xué)生以及教師和學(xué)生比例5%, 5.工業(yè)收入(測算知識轉(zhuǎn)移)2.5%。 10 上海交大高等教育研究所世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)排名上海交大高等教育研究所世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)排名 (ARWU)世界大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)排名世界大學(xué)

9、學(xué)術(shù)排名 (英文: Academic Ranking of World Universities,英文 縮寫:ARWU),是由上海交通大學(xué)主持,每年 公布一次。該排名的初衷是尋找中國大學(xué)和世界 名牌大學(xué)在科研上的差距。排名前100名的大學(xué) 有詳細(xì)位次排名,后100-400名的大學(xué)提供區(qū)間 排名。 該項(xiàng)排名的計(jì)量體系所采取的主要參數(shù)主要參數(shù)包括: (1)諾貝爾獎諾貝爾獎得主和菲爾茲獎菲爾茲獎得主的畢業(yè)生/ 學(xué)生數(shù)(占總分的權(quán)重為10%); (2)諾貝爾獎諾貝爾獎得主和菲爾茲獎菲爾茲獎得主的教師數(shù) (占總分的權(quán)重為20%); 11 (3)各學(xué)科領(lǐng)域論文被引用論文被引用次數(shù)最高的學(xué) 者人數(shù)(占總分的

10、權(quán)重為20%); (4)國際最權(quán)威學(xué)術(shù)刊物自然自然或科科 學(xué)學(xué)上發(fā)表的論文數(shù)量(占總分的權(quán)重為 20%); (5)被國際通用的科學(xué)引文索引(SCIE) 和社會科學(xué)引文索引(SSCI)收錄的論文 數(shù)量(占總分的權(quán)重為20%); (6)全職教師的人均學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)(占總分的 權(quán)重為10%)。 12 中國大學(xué)排行榜中國大學(xué)排行榜 名次名次, 學(xué)校名稱學(xué)校名稱, 類型類型, 總分總分, 科學(xué)研究科學(xué)研究, 人才培養(yǎng)人才培養(yǎng), 綜合聲譽(yù)綜合聲譽(yù). 1北京大學(xué)北京大學(xué)(綜合)100 95.61 100 98.32 2清華大學(xué)清華大學(xué)(理工)96.18 100 86.55 100 3浙江大學(xué)浙江大學(xué)(綜合)56.

11、10 53.46 52.40 74.86 4復(fù)旦大學(xué)復(fù)旦大學(xué)(綜合)55.57 53.60 55.69 51.54 5南京大學(xué)南京大學(xué)(綜合)42.90 40.67 42.63 45.36 6上海交通大學(xué)上海交通大學(xué)(綜合)42.52 48.01 35.59 37.39 7武漢大學(xué)武漢大學(xué)(綜合) 39.37 41.14 35.53 39.41 8中國人民大學(xué)中國人民大學(xué)(綜合)36.61 28.11 36.52 73.38 9華中科技大學(xué)華中科技大學(xué)(理工)34.56 37.57 29.47 35.49 10中山大學(xué)中山大學(xué)(綜合)33.77 34.47 29.60 42.61 13 11吉

12、林大學(xué)吉林大學(xué)(綜合)33.68 32.57 33.82 30.43 12四川大學(xué)四川大學(xué)(綜合)32.23 33.82 28.57 34.11 13北京師范大學(xué)北京師范大學(xué)(師范)27.95 28.32 23.87 39.58 14南開大學(xué)南開大學(xué)(綜合)27.84 28.17 24.60 35.45 15中南大學(xué)中南大學(xué)(綜合)27.62 27.90 24.66 34.14 16山東大學(xué)山東大學(xué)(綜合)27.49 26.07 26.77 31.81 17哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)(理工) 27.27 26.27 26.43 29.94 18中國科技大學(xué)中國科技大學(xué)(理工)27.20 27

13、.87 24.53 30.26 19西安交通大學(xué)西安交通大學(xué)(綜合)26.43 25.65 25.06 30.83 20廈門大學(xué)廈門大學(xué)(綜合)25.42 24.34 22.69 38.54 14 15 Colleges and Universities 1. There are 2,680 Universities and Colleges in the US in 2010 2. 中國教育部網(wǎng)站上查到截至中國教育部網(wǎng)站上查到截至2012年中年中 國普通高校總計(jì)有國普通高??傆?jì)有2790多所多所,其中本科院其中本科院 校校1129所,高職所,高職(專科???院校院校1660多所多所 。 其中

14、,其中,“985”大學(xué)大學(xué)39所,所,“211”大學(xué)大學(xué)112 所。獨(dú)立學(xué)院所。獨(dú)立學(xué)院322所。所。 2013年毛入學(xué)率已達(dá)年毛入學(xué)率已達(dá)30%。2020年將達(dá)年將達(dá) 40% (18-22的青年人)的青年人) 16 3. 浙江省高校有浙江省高校有79所。(本科院校所。(本科院校34所,所, 45所為??圃盒K鶠閷?圃盒? 獨(dú)立學(xué)院獨(dú)立學(xué)院22所,民辦高所,民辦高 校校13所。)所。) 4. 溫州有溫州有7所。所。(溫州醫(yī)科大學(xué)溫州醫(yī)科大學(xué) ,溫州大學(xué)溫州大學(xué) , 溫州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院溫州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 ,浙江工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)浙江工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué) 院院 ,浙江東方職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院浙江東方職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院, 溫州

15、科技職業(yè)溫州科技職業(yè) 學(xué)院學(xué)院 ,溫州肯恩大學(xué)溫州肯恩大學(xué)) 17 How To Choose A Right College The college search doesnt have to begin and end with the Ivies and the name brand schools. There are many schools out there to choose from some known and some less known, all worthy of your attention. Heres some advice for trying to fin

16、d the school that works for you. 18 1. Start with Who You Are and Why You Are Going. You need to examine yourself and your reasons for going to college before you start your search. Why, really, are you going? What are your abilities and strengths? What are your weaknesses? What do you want out of l

17、ife? Talk with your family, friends and high-school counselors as you ask these questions. 19 2. Size Matters: Your College does not Have to Be Bigger than Your High School. Smaller colleges boast a more intimate classroom experience, but larger schools often have a wider variety of classes and acti

18、vities. College is a time to explore, and a smaller community is more conducive to internal exploration. It is not the number of people, but the people themselves and the kind of community in which you will learn. 20 3. Consider the Location There are urban, suburban, and rural colleges - something

19、for everyone. Consider the distance from home. Many students want to leave home and go as far away as possible. 4. Consider the Cost Cost is, of course, also a big deal for most people. Price tags vary enormously from school to school. 21 5. Consider Academics (pl)國書 (cred相相 信信 +ential表形容詞或名詞讓人相信的東

20、西憑據(jù)) curriculum n 課程(表)(curr跑,發(fā)生 + iculum 名詞 學(xué)員跑來跑去的依據(jù)課 表) aggrandize v 擴(kuò)張權(quán)勢,提高地位 (ag一再+ grand大+ize 一再變大) flagellatory a. 鞭打的 (flagell鞭子鞭子 +ate 使+ory) 25 infuriate v. 使發(fā)怒 (in內(nèi)部 + furi憤怒 + ate 使 使發(fā)怒 ) belligerence n. 交戰(zhàn),準(zhǔn)備打架(belli戰(zhàn) 爭+ger帶來ence 帶來戰(zhàn)爭交戰(zhàn)) grandiose a浮夸的;雄偉的(grandi 宏大 + ose 多的 ) progeny n

21、 子孫,后代 (pro向前+geny產(chǎn) 生 向前產(chǎn)生生命向前子孫) disown v.否認(rèn)同自己的關(guān)系 (dis分開 +own擁有 ) 26 sequel n 結(jié)局,續(xù)集 (sequ 跟隨+ el 物 質(zhì) 續(xù)集 ) (consequence) juncture n接合,連接(junct結(jié)合,結(jié)合, 連接連接 +ure) interject 插嘴,突然插入 (inter 中間 + ject 投擲,扔投擲,扔 ) interjection 感嘆詞 sedulous a 勤勉的(sed=sit +ulous 多的坐得多的勤勉的) 27 Text Explanations In the essay t

22、he author offers his sincere advice to those parents who have college- bound children. He first criticizes some parents who try to select universities for their children. He points out that a good university does not necessarily guarantee a successful career. This is supported by the example of his

23、high school friends. Then he tells those disillusioned parents whose children are unlikely to enter prestigious universities that many people achieve huge success in this society without a degree from a prestigious university. This is supported by his own experience. Finally he reminds those parents

24、 that life doesnt have just one act. There is often Act Two. And Act Five. 28 Language Points: matriculation: n. formal admission to study at a college or university fixation: n. an inability to stop thinking st languish: v. to exist in an unpleasant or unwanted situation for a long time wear on : t

25、o pass slowly garner: v. store, collect st with difficulty 29 P1. But as the briefing session wore on, I did manage to garner most of the relevant details: Though I listened absent-mindedly to the stranger who was telling me about his daughters college plans, I managed to grasp most of the important

26、 information in his speech. bright but not brilliant: - clever but not outstandingly talented . 30 Normalized IQ distribution (approximately 95 percent of the population scores an IQ between 70 and 130 ) stupid70 80 110 120 130 brilliant 31 second-echelon: second class (level) with other college-bou

27、nd children in the family queue : - with a number of children in a family who are going to go to college one after another in a few years. fewer contacts would be made means that since it was a local university, there would be fewer chances to establish a network of interpersonal relationships that

28、could be potentially helpful in the future 32 within striking distance: very near to obtaining or achieving st. The yellow brick road: the road of gold, the road of success P2. Her degree would put her on the road itself.: After she graduates from a second-class university, she would be close to the

29、 path to success, though not directly on it, but still there will be a gap between. 33 a man of the world (Para. 3) - a man who has lots of experience in coping with certain situations or people. the most intimate details (Para. 3) - most personal or confidential details. mediate: v. to talk to two

30、separate people or groups involved in a disagreement to help them to find a solution to solve a problem. (調(diào)解) 34 in question (Para. 3) - being talked about, under discussion. P3. I told the man that many of my high school friends had graduated from the second-tier university in question and had gone

31、 on to live rich, full lives. -I told the man that many of my high school friends had graduated from the second- class university his daughter would be attending, and now they are all living full and fruitful lives. 35 to carve out a nice little niche for myself- secure myself a good and comfortable

32、 position by hard work and great effort. P4. I told him that I myself had graduated from a second-echelon Philadelphia university not unlike the one his daughter was entering, and had managed to carve out a little niche for myself. - I told him that I myself had graduated from a second-class univers

33、ity in Philadelphia, just like the one his daughter was entering, and had managed to establish quite a successful career for myself. 36 illumination: n. spiritual or intellectual guidance and help 啟發(fā) P4. The sun never set dedicated professors: Every day he felt grateful to God for what he learnt fro

34、m his gifted and devoted teachers in the university. Pressed for biographical data (Para. 4) - urged to give ( asked for ) personal information. 37 credentials (plural ): n. certificates , proof of abilities and experience which make someone suitable for a particular job. feign : v. to pretend to fe

35、el st. pathetic: adj. pitiful, sad curriculum vitae (CV) : a short written description of ones education, qualification, previous employment , and sometimes personal interests for getting a job. 38 P5. Though he tried to feign interest in my pathetic curriculum vitae, I could see that he was devasta

36、ted. - Though he acted as if he was interested in my pitiable CV, I could see that he was extremely upset and worried. gabbiness: n. excessive talkativeness the neurotic gabbiness - tendency to talk excessively because of oversensitivity to or over-indulgence in certain topics. 39 I know whereof I s

37、peak - I know what I speak of. follow suit: to do the same thing as another has done P7. Every dark cloud has a silver lining: a proverb, meaning “every trouble has something hopeful in it. ” be lapped out : be overtaken by one circle or more circles in a race 40 P7. On this subject, I am completely

38、 lapped out. - I have no interest in this subject at all. unalloyed: adj. pure P8. This lack of interest does not stem from pure selfishness or unalloyed contempt for other peoples offspring. - -The reason why I am not interested in it is not because I am selfish or look down upon other peoples chil

39、dren. 41 self-aggrandizing: adj. self-important self-flagellatory : adj. self-punishing The author seems to suggest that for those parents who happen to make the right selections for their children or whose children go to prestigious universities such a topic would be self- aggrandizing, but for tho

40、se who fail to make the right selections or whose children go to less prestigious universities such a topic would be self- flagellatory. 42 cribbage is a card game. Here it is used in contrast to mind-numbing discussion. Thus it stands for something entertaining, interesting. 43 infuriating: adj. ma

41、king sb extremely angry P9. The most infuriating conversation is the one where the parent clearly seeks a decisive, career-validating moment of emotional closure. - The most annoying conversation is the one where the parent tries to be emotionally settled once for all by selecting for the child a go

42、od college that guarantees his or her future career. 44 validate: v. make st officially approved closure: n. when an event or a period of time is brought to an end, or the feeling that something has been completely dealt with. top-flight: adj. highest in standard or quality irrevocable: adj. impossi

43、ble to change economic mirth: happiness and contentment with economic success 45 P9. Such individuals believe that securing admission to a top-flight university provides a child with an irrevocable passport to success- Such people believe that if a child succeeds in getting admission to a first- rat

44、e university, then he or she will be guaranteed a successful future. 46 upwardly mobile: moving to a higher social class chucklehead: n. a stupid person, a blockhead exude: v display freely belligerence: n. a hostile or warlike attitude or inclination their childrens destinations-their childrens ent

45、ry into top universities 47 sotto voce (Italian): in a quiet voice taunt: n. a scornful remark, jeer issuing a sotto voce taunt to parents of the less gifted - sneering or laughing quietly at those parents of less gifted children prep: (in USA) preparatory schools ( for 11 year-old children) 48 Map

46、of Italy 49 At age seventeen. Or twenty-one-a child is supposed to enter college at seventeen and graduate at twenty-one. first-class screwups -absolute and hopeless failures P10. In real life, some children get the finest educations but still become first- class screwups. -In real life, some very p

47、romising children with very good schooling turn out to be complete failures after their graduation. 50 end up on welfare or skid row - eventually live on social welfare for their survival, very poor . their Brand X children arent going to make the cut -. their children fall into the common variety t

48、hat are not likely to achieve much and cannot possibly be admitted to prestigious universities. To make the cut is an informal American expression that means to attain a particular goal. “ “be successful.” 51 AP courses: advanced preparatory subjects 高級預(yù)備課程 To take a toll: to cause suffering, death

49、or damage. grandiose: adj .larger, more important delivery-room: n. lecture hall. 52 And those grandiose delivery-room dreams of Amherst, Bard, and Duke are suddenly going up in smoke: The beautiful dreams of going to study in famous universities which those parents have cherished since children wer

50、e born are now totally smashed and have disappeared. 53 University of Massachusetts-Amherst is a public institution that was founded in 1863. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 20,873, its setting is suburban, and the campus size is 1,463 acres. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar

51、. University of Massachusetts-Amhersts ranking in the 2011 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, 99. Its in-state tuition and fees are $12,084 (2010-11); out-of-state tuition and fees are $20,307 (2010-11) 54 Bard College Name: Bard College Location: Annandale-On-Hudson, New York Type:

52、4-year, Private not-for-profit Year Founded: 1860 Tuition and Fees (2006-2007): $34,782 Total enrollment (2006): 2,263 Undergraduate enrollment: 1,988 Undergraduate applicant (Fall 2006): 4,828 Percentage admitted: 37.9% Graduation rate: 74% Sports Nickname: Raptors Official Web site: B 55 Du

53、ke University Name: Duke University Location: Durham, N. C. Type: 4-year, Private not-for-profit Year Founded: 1838 Tuition and Fees (2006-2007): $33,963 Total enrollment (2006): 13,373 Undergraduate enrollment: 6,330 Undergraduate applicants (Fall 2005): 16,820 Percentage admitted: 23.7% Graduation

54、 rate: 94% Sports Nickname: Blue Devils Official Web site: D 56 P11. Bashfully, shamefacedly, miserably, these parents now mumble the names of the glamourless institutions their progeny are skulking off to.- Embarrassedly, guiltily, sorrowfully, these parents now dare not utter loudly the nam

55、es of those low-grade institutions where their children are quietly entering because they are ashamed of themselves. 57 whose capitals only repeat winners on Jeopardy! can name. : whose state capitals are so obscure that only people who often win on game shows like Jeopardy! can name. Jeopardy! : an

56、 award-winning quiz show 勇敢闖關(guān) 58 The best-laid plans of mice and man often go awry. (人算不如天算。即使最如意 的安排設(shè)計(jì),結(jié)局也往往會出其不意。) Some kids are late bloomers. -Some kids become successful later than average kids. Some kids are better off in a less competitive environment. - Some kids perform better in a less com

57、petitive situation. 59 hurdle: a problem you face before making progress your child has failed to clear the first . hurdle : your child has failed to overcome the first or more difficulties. disown: v. no longer have any connection with sb that you were closely connected with 60 Henri Emile Benot Ma

58、tisse: a French artist 61 Henri Emile Benot Matisse ( 31 December 1869 3 November 1954) was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter. 62 63 Bill Gates “Weve really achi

59、eved the ideal of what I wanted Microsoft to become.”-June 2008 64 David Geffen (1943- ): Hollywoods first crossover business star 65 Michael Dell 66 Michael Dell is the chairman of the board of directors and chief executive officer of Dell, the company he founded with $1000 in 1984 at age 19. Notab

60、ly quoted as saying that “technology is about enabling human potential,” Michaels vision of how technology should be designed, manufactured and sold forever changed the IT industry. In 1992, Michael became the youngest CEO ever to earn a ranking on the Fortune 500. 67 Graydon Carter 68 Graydon Carte

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