201X版中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)28閱讀理解四教案

1、2019版中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)28閱讀理解（四）教案【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】讓學(xué)生熟知閱讀理解丄選五題型，丁解憲七選五命題目的，掌握七選五容題技巧?！局攸c難點】讓學(xué)生掌握閱i賣理解七選五解題技巧和步驟，提高做七選五題目的能力。【命題目的】主要考査考生的概括，歸納，比較和邏輯推理能力。本題型要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對文中耒做明確交代的細節(jié)，段著主旨，作者態(tài)度等方面進行高度概括和判斷。而且對整篇文章進行深層理解。對閱瀆理解七選五的考査主要集中在以下兩個方面:1考査考生把握文車結(jié)構(gòu)的把握能力。2-根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理的能力。【真題例析】根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳密案。Your brain controls ev

2、erything you do. k makes it possible f（r you to think, learn,create and feel; Vo blink（B眼）and breathe and for your heart Vo beatthis fantasticcontrol Center is vour .brain, 1.W9Can this small grey organ （器官），which weighs less than one and a half kilos,A。.really do so much? Amazingly, your brain cont

3、ains about 100 bil）i（n neurons （神經(jīng)兀）一it would tirkc you over 3,000 years to ccwint them all. 2,.Your neuronscreate and send more messages than all the phones in the yold And although one neuron creates only a Utdcelectricity-, all your neurons together call peduce enough ubctricity to power a ligt b

4、ulb （燈丫包）.So exactly how fast does vour brain work? 3Neurons in vour skin send this information to vourbrain at a speed f more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses other neurons to send the messageback to your foot to shake the bee off quickly. 4.No computcr has your brain s unbelievab

5、le ability todeal with the amount of inff）rmaOfn coming from your eyes, cars and other sensory organs.But how docs your brain allow you to Icarii things that you will use in the future? The structure （結(jié)構(gòu)）ofHow? As youyour braui changes every rime you have a new thought, remember or kam something. 5.

6、pracricc, your brain sends “bike riding messages again and again. Soon, the actions arc Icariit and you aredocable to ride a bike cnsily from then on.A- Well, imagine this： a bee lands on your foot.B. Therefi）rc, it ts not suprising to see that somebody with average iniclligcncc （智力）can have excelle

7、nt performances in some fields.C Believe it or not, the xtivity in your brain never stops.D. It is so amazing that a famous scientist once called it the most complex （超雜）thing we have vet discovered in our unkyrsuE. The brain is the boss of the body.F. These neurons can send this information at more

8、 than 320 kilometers per hour.G. For example, riding a bike seems impossible at first, but soon vou arc able to do it參考答案:1. n【解析J根據(jù)本段首句“Your brain coiumls evurything uni do.”可知本段與人腦神奇的功能相關(guān)。結(jié)臺笛選頂可知D頂與前句銜接，故選r2- C【解析】根據(jù)前句 “Amazin、； wur brain contains about 100 billion ixurons （神經(jīng)元）* 尺后 面涉尺到的“神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)傳遞的信

9、恵長之大”可知人腦不停地在運作，故選C。3A【解析J根據(jù)前句的問題So exactly how fast docs your brain work?尺后句“人腦通過其他的神經(jīng)元給腳部傳輸借息，然后快速地把密蜂趕走”可知此處以蜜蜂趴在人的腳上為例來證實人腦 的工作速度有多快。結(jié)合旨選項可知A頂與后句銜接，故選仏4. F【解析】根據(jù)后句No computer has your brain s unbelievable ability to deal with 可知本句與傳輸借息的能力相關(guān)。結(jié)臺旨選頂可知F項與后句銜接，故選F。5- G【解析根據(jù)后句 “As you practice, vour b

10、rain sends bike riding messas again and again, 可 知本句與騎自行車相關(guān)。結(jié)臺言選頂可知G頂與后文銜接，故選G?！敬痤}技巧】解題策略:總的原則：分析篇直結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱謨埴空題解題的關(guān)犍”。（1）越過空格，通讀全文，丁解大意。通讀選項，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語，明確各選頂?shù)拇笾乱馑?。回到空格處，根?jù)空格在段蓿中的位判斷設(shè)空類型。（主&；過渡；細節(jié)）定位選項。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，將選項填入文中。確定排除，研究多余選頂，確定排除理由，是終確定答案。解題方法:快速閱i賣全文要點詞句，包括首尾段，首尾句以尺獨立成段的句亍和文車中帶料折詞的句于, 目的是

11、*握文車的主要內(nèi)容，-解大。h同詞出現(xiàn)法。詞匯同現(xiàn)是推厲于同一詞匯或者跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文車中共同出現(xiàn)，達到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選頂中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來說, 上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。2詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文上下文不同的位靈對同一個概念進行重*描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù) 現(xiàn)等。雙保險：上下文再校實一下3.代詞線索。英語表達中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無mi是推代前面提的合詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單*數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。4.邏輯關(guān)系銜接。解答議論文體的閱讀填句題，首先要把握好所論述的中心問題通常所挖空缺與選頂都以一條主線為主。其次毗類文章中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些邏揖關(guān)系詞