計算機編程及常用術語英語詞匯大全復習課程

1、精品文檔第一部分、計算機算法常用術語中英對照datastructures基本數(shù)據(jù)結構dictionaries字典priorityqueues堆graphdatastructures圖setdatastructures集合kd-trees線段樹numericalproblems數(shù)值問題solvinglinearequations線性方程組bandwidthreduction帶寬壓縮matrixmultiplication矩陣乘法determinantsandpermanents行列式constrainedandunconstrainedoptimization最值問題linearprogramm

2、ing線性規(guī)劃randomnumbergeneration隨機數(shù)生成factoringandprimalitytesting因子分解/質數(shù)判定arbitraryprecisionarithmetic高精度計算knapsackproblem背包問題discretefouriertransform離散fourier變換combinatorialproblems組合問題sorting排序searching查找medianandselection中位數(shù)generatingpermutations排列生成generatingsubsets子集生成generatingpartitions劃分生成gener

3、atinggraphs圖的生成calendricalcalculations日期jobscheduling工程安排satisfiability可滿足性graphproblems-polynomial圖論-多項式算法connectedcomponents連通分支topologicalsorting拓撲排序minimumspanningtree最小生成樹shortestpath最短路徑transitiveclosureandreduction傳遞閉包matching匹配euleriancycle/chinesepostmaneuler回路/中國郵路edgeandvertexconnectivity

4、割邊/割點networkflow網(wǎng)絡流drawinggraphsnicely圖的描繪drawingtrees樹的描繪planaritydetectionandembedding平面性檢測和嵌入graphproblems-hard圖論-np問題精品文檔精品文檔clique最大團independentset獨立集vertexcover點覆蓋travelingsalesmanproblem旅行商問題hamiltoniancyclehamilton回路graphpartition圖的劃分vertexcoloring點染色edgecoloring邊染色graphisomorphism同構steinert

5、reesteiner樹feedbackedge/vertexset最大無環(huán)子圖computationalgeometry計算幾何convexhull凸包triangulation三角剖分voronoidiagramsvoronoi圖nearestneighborsearch最近點對查詢rangesearch范圍查詢pointlocation位置查詢intersectiondetection碰撞測試binpacking裝箱問題medial-axistransformation中軸變換polygonpartitioning多邊形分割simplifyingpolygons多邊形化簡shapesimi

6、larity相似多邊形motionplanning運動規(guī)劃maintaininglinearrangements平面分割minkowskisumminkowski和setandstringproblems集合與串的問題setcover集合覆蓋setpacking集合配置stringmatching模式匹配approximatestringmatching模糊匹配textcompression壓縮cryptography密碼finitestatemachineminimization有窮自動機簡化longestcommonsubstring最長公共子串shortestcommonsuperstr

7、ing最短公共父串dpdynamicprogramming動態(tài)規(guī)劃recursion遞歸第二部分、編程詞匯a2aintegrationa2a整合abstract抽象的abstractbaseclass(abc)抽象基類精品文檔精品文檔abstractclass抽象類abstraction抽象、抽象物、抽象性access存取、訪問accesslevel訪問級別accessfunction訪問函數(shù)account賬戶action動作activate激活active活動的actualparameter實參adapter適配器add-in插件address地址addressspace地址空間addres

8、s-ofoperator取地址操作符adl(argument-dependentlookup)ado(activexdataobject)activex數(shù)據(jù)對象advancedaggregation聚合、聚集algorithm算法alias別名align排列、對齊allocate分配、配置allocator分配器、配置器anglebracket尖括號annotation注解、評注api(applicationprogramminginterface)應用(程序)編程接口appdomain(applicationdomain)應用域application應用、應用程序applicationfra

9、mework應用程序框架appearance外觀append附加architecture架構、體系結構archivefile歸檔文件、存檔文件argument引數(shù)(傳給函式的值)。參見parameterarray數(shù)組arrowoperator箭頭操作符asp(activeserverpage)活動服務器頁面asp.networkerprocessasp.net工作者進程assembly裝配件、配件assemblylanguage匯編語言assemblymanifest裝配件清單assert(ion)斷言assign賦值精品文檔精品文檔assignment賦值、分配assignmentopera

10、tor賦值操作符associated相關的、相關聯(lián)的associativecontainer關聯(lián)式容器(對應sequentialcontainer)asynchronous異步的atomic原子的atomicoperation原子操作attribute特性、屬性authenticationservice驗證服務authorization授權audio音頻a.i.人工智能b2bintegrationb2b整合、b2b集成(business-to-businessintegration)background背景、后臺(進程)backwardcompatible向后兼容、向下兼容backup備份ba

11、ckupdevice備份設備backupfile備份文件bandwidth帶寬baseclass基類basetype基類型batch批處理bcl(baseclasslibrary)基類庫binary二進制binarysearch二分查找binarytree二叉樹binaryfunction雙參函數(shù)binarylargeobject二進制大對象binaryoperator二元操作符binding綁定bit位bitmap位圖bitwise按位.bitwisecopy為單元進行復制；位元逐一復制,按位拷bitwiseoperation按位運算block塊、區(qū)塊、語句塊bookkeeping簿記boo

12、lean布林值(真假值，true或false)border邊框boundschecking邊界檢查boxing裝箱、裝箱轉換brace(curlybrace)大括號、花括號bracket(squarebrakcet)中括號、方括號精品文檔精品文檔breakpoint斷點browserapplications瀏覽器應用(程序)browser-accessibleapplication可經(jīng)由瀏覽器訪問的應用程序build編連(專指編譯和連接built-in內建、內置bus總線business業(yè)務、商務(看場合)businesslogic業(yè)務邏輯businessrules業(yè)務規(guī)則buttons按鈕b

13、ug臭蟲by/through通過byte位元組(由8bits組成)cache高速緩存calendar日歷call調用callback回調call-levelinterface(cli)調用級接口(cli)calloperator調用操作符candidatekey候選鍵(fordatabase)cascadingdelete級聯(lián)刪除(fordatabase)cascadingupdate級聯(lián)更新(fordatabase)casting轉型、造型轉換catalog目錄chain鏈(functioncalls)character字符characterformat字符格式characterset字符集

14、checkconstraintscheck約束(fordatabase)checkpoint檢查點(fordatabase)checkbox復選框checkbutton復選按鈕childclass子類cil(commonintermediatelanguage)通用中間語言、通用中介語言class類classdeclaration類聲明classdefinition類定義classderivationlist類繼承列表classfactory類廠classhierarchy類層次結構classlibrary類庫classloader類裝載器classtemplate類模板classtempla

15、tepartialspecializations類模板部分特化精品文檔精品文檔classtemplatespecializations類模板特化classification分類clause子句clientapplication客戶端應用程序clientcursor客戶端游標(fordatabase)codepage代碼頁cleanup清理、清除cli(commonlanguageinfrastructure)通用語言基礎設施client客戶、客戶端clientarea客戶區(qū)client-server客戶機/服務器、客戶端/服務器clipboard剪貼板clone克隆cls(commonlang

16、uagespecification)通用語言規(guī)范codeaccesssecurity代碼訪問安全coff(commonobjectfileformat)通用對象文件格式collection集合com(componentobjectmodel)組件對象模型combobox組合框commandline命令行comment注釋commit提交(fordatabase)communication通訊compatible兼容compiletime編譯期、編譯時compiler編譯器component組件compositeindex復合索引、組合索引(fordatabase)compositekey復合鍵

17、、組合鍵(fordatabase)composition復合、組合concept概念concrete具體的concreteclass具體類concurrency并發(fā)、并發(fā)機制constraint約束(fordatabase)configuration配置、組態(tài)connection連接(fordatabase)connectionpooling連接池console控制臺constant常量construct構件、成分、概念、構造（forlanguage）constructor(ctor)構造函數(shù)、構造器container容器containment包容精品文檔精品文檔context環(huán)境、上下文co

18、ntrol控件cookie(不譯)copy拷貝corba通用對象請求中介架構(commonobjectrequestbrokerarchitecture)cover覆蓋、涵蓋create/creation創(chuàng)建、生成crosstabquery交叉表查詢(fordatabase)crtp(curiouslyrecurringtemplatepattern)cts(commontypesystem)通用類型系統(tǒng)cube多維數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabase)cursor光標cursor游標(fordatabase)custom定制、自定義data數(shù)據(jù)dataconnection數(shù)據(jù)連接(fordatab

19、ase)datacontrollanguage(dcl)數(shù)據(jù)控制語言(dcl)(fordatabase)datadefinitionlanguage(ddl)數(shù)據(jù)定義語言(ddl)(fordatabase)datadictionary數(shù)據(jù)字典(fordatabase)datadictionaryview數(shù)據(jù)字典視圖(fordatabase)datafile數(shù)據(jù)文件(fordatabase)dataintegrity數(shù)據(jù)完整性(fordatabase)datamanipulationlanguage(dml)數(shù)據(jù)操作語言(dml)(fordatabase)datamart數(shù)據(jù)集市(fordata

20、base)datapump數(shù)據(jù)抽取(fordatabase)datascrubbing數(shù)據(jù)清理(fordatabase)datasource數(shù)據(jù)源(fordatabase)datasourcename(dsn)數(shù)據(jù)源名稱(dsn)(fordatabase)datawarehouse數(shù)據(jù)倉庫(fordatabase)dataset數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabase)database數(shù)據(jù)庫(fordatabase)databasecatalog數(shù)據(jù)庫目錄(fordatabase)databasediagram數(shù)據(jù)關系圖(fordatabase)databasefile數(shù)據(jù)庫文件(fordatabase

21、)databaseobject數(shù)據(jù)庫對象(fordatabase)databaseowner數(shù)據(jù)庫所有者(fordatabase)databaseproject數(shù)據(jù)庫工程(fordatabase)databaserole數(shù)據(jù)庫角色(fordatabase)databaseschema數(shù)據(jù)庫模式、數(shù)據(jù)庫架構(fordatabase)databasescrpt數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本(fordatabase)data-bound數(shù)據(jù)綁定(fordatabase)data-awarecontrol數(shù)據(jù)感知控件(fordatabase)datamember數(shù)據(jù)成員、成員變量dataset數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabas

22、e)精品文檔精品文檔datasource數(shù)據(jù)源(fordatabase)datastructure數(shù)據(jù)結構datatable數(shù)據(jù)表(fordatabase)datagram數(shù)據(jù)報文dbms(databasemanagementsystem)數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)(fordatabase)dcom(distributedcom)分布式comdeadlock死鎖(fordatabase)deallocate歸還debug調試debugger調試器decay退化decisionsupport決策支持declaration聲明declarativereferentialintegrity(dri)聲明引用完整

23、性(dri)(fordatabase)deduction推導defaultconstraint默認約束(fordatabase)defaultdatabase默認數(shù)據(jù)庫(fordatabase)defaultinstance默認實例(fordatabase)defaultresultset默認結果集(fordatabase)default缺省、默認值defer推遲definition定義delegate委托delegation委托dependentnamedeploy部署dereference解引用dereferenceoperator(提領)運算子derivedclass派生類designb

24、ycontract契約式設計designpattern設計模式destroy銷毀destructor(dtor)析構函數(shù)、析構器device設備dhtml(dynamichypertextmarkuplanguage)動態(tài)超文本標記語言dialog對話框digest摘要digital數(shù)字的dime(directinternetmessageencapsulation)直接internet消息封裝directive(編譯)指示符directory目錄dirtypages臟頁(fordatabase)dirtyread臟讀(fordatabase)disassembler反匯編器精品文檔精品文檔d

25、isco(discoveryofwebservices)webservices的查找disk盤dispatch調度、分派、派發(fā)（我喜歡“調度”）dispid(dispatchidentifier)分派標識符distributedcomputing分布式計算distributedquery分布式查詢(fordatabase)dna(distributedinternetapplication)分布式網(wǎng)間應用程序document文檔dom(documentobjectmodel)文檔對象模型dotoperator(圓)點操作符driver驅動(程序)dtd(documenttypedefiniti

26、on)文檔類型定義double-bytecharacterset(dbcs)雙字節(jié)字符集(dbcs)dump轉儲dumpfile轉儲文件dynamiccursor動態(tài)游標(fordatabase)dynamicfilter動態(tài)篩選(fordatabase)dynamiclocking動態(tài)鎖定(fordatabase)dynamicrecovery動態(tài)恢復(fordatabase)dynamicsnapshot動態(tài)快照(fordatabase)dynamicsqlstatements動態(tài)sql語句(fordatabase)dynamicassembly動態(tài)裝配件、動態(tài)配件dynamicbindi

27、ng動態(tài)綁定eai(enterpriseapplicationintegration)企業(yè)應用程序集成(整合)ebco(emptybaseclassoptimization)空基類優(yōu)化（機制）e-business電子商務edi(dlectronicdatainterchange)電子數(shù)據(jù)交換efficiency效率efficient高效end-to-endauthentication端對端身份驗證enduser最終用戶engine引擎entity實體encapsulation封裝enclosingclass外圍類別(與巢狀類別nestedclass有關)enum(enumeration)枚舉e

28、numerators枚舉成員、枚舉器equal相等equality相等性equalityoperator等號操作符errorlog錯誤日志(fordatabase)escapecode轉義碼escapecharacter轉義符、轉義字符exclusivelock排它鎖(fordatabase)精品文檔精品文檔explicittransaction顯式事務(fordatabase)evaluate評估event事件eventdriven事件驅動的eventhandler事件處理器evidence證據(jù)exception異常exceptiondeclaration異常聲明exceptionhandl

29、ing異常處理、異常處理機制exception-safe異常安全的exceptionspecification異常規(guī)范exit退出explicit顯式explicitspecialization顯式特化export導出expression表達式facility設施、設備fatclient胖客戶端feature特性、特征fetch提取field字段(java)field字段(fordatabase)fieldlength字段長度(fordatabase)file文件filter篩選(fordatabase)finalization終結firewall防火墻finalizer終結器firmware

30、固件flag標記flashmemory閃存flush刷新font字體foreignkey(fk)外鍵(fk)(fordatabase)form窗體formalparameter形參forwarddeclaration前置聲明forward-only只向前的forward-onlycursor只向前游標(fordatabase)fragmentation碎片(fordatabase)framework框架fullspecialization完全特化function函數(shù)functioncalloperator(即operator()函數(shù)調用操作符精品文檔精品文檔functionobject函數(shù)對象

31、functionoverloadedresolution函數(shù)重載決議functionality功能functiontemplate函數(shù)模板functor仿函數(shù)gac(globalassemblycache)全局裝配件緩存、全局配件緩存gc(garbagecollection)垃圾回收(機制)、垃圾收集(機制)game游戲generate生成generic泛化的、一般化的、通用的genericalgorithm通用算法genericity泛型getter(相對于setter)取值函數(shù)global全局的globalobject全局對象globalscoperesolutionoperator全局范

32、圍解析操作符grant授權(fordatabase)granularity粒度group組、群groupbox分組框gui圖形界面guid(globallyuniqueidentifier)全球唯一標識符handshaking握手handle句柄handler處理器hard-coded硬編碼的hard-copy截屏圖harddisk硬盤hardware硬件hashtable散列表、哈希表headerfile頭文件heap堆helpfile幫助文件hierarchy層次結構、繼承體系hierarchicaldata階層式數(shù)據(jù)、層次式數(shù)據(jù)hook鉤子host(application)宿主(應用程序

33、)hotkey熱鍵hyperlink超鏈接html(hypertextmarkuplanguage)超文本標記語言httppipelinehttp管道http(hypertexttransferprotocol)超文本傳輸協(xié)議icon圖標ide(integrateddevelopmentenvironment)集成開發(fā)環(huán)境精品文檔精品文檔idl(interfacedefinitionlanguage)接口定義語言identifier標識符idletime空閑時間ifandonlyif當且僅當il(intermediatelanguage)中間語言、中介語言image圖象ime輸入法immedi

34、atebase直接基類immediatederived直接派生類immediateupdating即時更新(fordatabase)implicittransaction隱式事務(fordatabase)incrementalupdate增量更新(fordatabase)index索引(fordatabase)implement實現(xiàn)implementation實現(xiàn)、實現(xiàn)品implicit隱式import導入incrementoperator增加操作符infiniteloop無限循環(huán)infiniterecursive無限遞歸information信息infrastructure基礎設施inher

35、itance繼承、繼承機制inline內聯(lián)inlineexpansion內聯(lián)展開initialization初始化initializationlist初始化列表、初始值列表initialize初始化innerjoin內聯(lián)接(fordatabase)in-placeactive現(xiàn)場激活instance實例instantiated具現(xiàn)化、實體化(常應用于template)instantiation具現(xiàn)體、具現(xiàn)化實體(常應用于template)integrate集成、整合integrity完整性、一致性integrityconstraint完整性約束(fordatabase)interprocess

36、communication(ipc)進程間通訊(ipc)interacts交互interface接口forgui界面interoperability互操作性、互操作能力interpreter解釋器introspection自省invariants不變性精品文檔精品文檔invoke調用isolationlevel隔離級別(fordatabase)iterate迭代iterative反復的、迭代的iterator迭代器iteration迭代(回圈每次輪回稱為一個iteration)item項、條款、項目jitcompilationjit編譯即時編譯key鍵(fordatabase)keycolum

37、n鍵列(fordatabase)laser激光latebinding遲綁定leftouterjoin左向外聯(lián)接(fordatabase)level階、層例highlevel高階、高層library庫lifetime生命期、壽命link連接、鏈接linkage連接、鏈接linker連接器、鏈接器literalconstant字面常數(shù)list列表、表、鏈表listbox列表框livelock活鎖(fordatabase)load裝載、加載loadbalancing負載平衡loader裝載器、載入器local局部的localobject局部對象lock鎖log日志login登錄loginsecuri

38、tymode登錄安全模式(fordatabase)lookuptable查找表(fordatabase)loop循環(huán)loosecoupling松散耦合lvalue左值machinecode機器碼、機器代碼macro宏maintain維護managedcode受控代碼、托管代碼managedextensions受控擴充件、托管擴展managedobject受控對象、托管對象mangledname精品文檔精品文檔manifest清單manipulator操縱器(iostream預先定義的一種東西)many-to-manyrelationship多對多關系(fordatabase)many-to-o

39、nerelationship多對一關系(fordatabase)marshal列集member成員memberaccessoperator成員取用運算子(有dot和arrow兩種)memberfunction成員函數(shù)memberinitializationlist成員初始值列表memberwise以member為單元、members逐一memberwisecopymemory內存memoryleak內存泄漏menu菜單message消息messagebased基于消息的messageloop消息環(huán)messagequeuing消息隊列metadata元數(shù)據(jù)metaprogramming元編程me

40、thod方法micro微middleware中間件middletier中間層modeling建模modelinglanguage建模語言modifier修飾字、修飾符modem調制解調器module模塊mostderivedclass最底層的派生類mouse鼠標mutable可變的mutex互斥元、互斥體multidimensionalolap(molap)多維olap(molap)(fordatabase)multithreadedserverapplication多線程服務器應用程序multiuser多用戶multi-tasking多任務multi-thread多線程multicastde

41、legate組播委托、多點委托namedparameter命名參數(shù)namedpipe命名管道namespace名字空間、命名空間native原生的、本地的nativecode本地碼、本機碼精品文檔精品文檔nativeimagegenerator(ngen)本地映像生成器nestedclass嵌套類nestedquery嵌套查詢(fordatabase)nestedtable嵌套表(fordatabase)network網(wǎng)絡networkcard網(wǎng)卡nondependentnameobject對象objectbased基于對象的objectfile目標文件objectmodel對象模型objec

42、toriented面向對象的objectpooling對象池化odbcdatasourceodbc數(shù)據(jù)源(fordatabase)odbcdriverodbc驅動程序(fordatabase)odr(one-definitionrule)oleautomationobjectsole自動化對象(fordatabase)oleautomationserverole自動化服務器(fordatabase)oledbconsumeroledb使用者(fordatabase)oledbforolap用于olap的oledb(fordatabase)oledbprovideroledb提供者(fordat

43、abase)one-to-manyrelationship一對多關系(fordatabase)one-to-onerelationship一對一關系(fordatabase)onlineanalyticalprocessing(olap)聯(lián)機分析處理(olap)(fordatabase)onlineredolog聯(lián)機重做日志(fordatabase)onlinetransactionprocessing(oltp)聯(lián)機事務處理(oltp)(fordatabase)opendataservices(ods)開放式數(shù)據(jù)服務(ods)(fordatabase)opendatabaseconnecti

44、vity(odbc)開放式數(shù)據(jù)庫連接(odbc)(fordatabase)operand操作數(shù)operatingsystem(os)操作系統(tǒng)operation操作operator操作符、運算符option選項optimizer優(yōu)化器outerjoin外聯(lián)接(fordatabase)overflow上限溢位(相對于underflow)overhead額外開銷overload重載overloadresolution重載決議overloadedfunction重載的函數(shù)overloadedoperator被重載的操作符override覆寫、重載、重新定義package包packaging打包精品文檔

45、精品文檔palette調色板parallel并行parameter參數(shù)、形式參數(shù)、形參parameterlist參數(shù)列表parameterize參數(shù)化parentclass父類parentheses圓括弧、圓括號parse解析parser解析器part零件、部件partialspecialization局部特化passbyaddress傳址(函式引數(shù)的傳遞方式)(非正式用語)passbyreference傳地址、按引用傳遞passbyvalue按值傳遞pattern模式pda(personaldigitalassistant)個人數(shù)字助理pe(portableexecutable)file可移

46、植可執(zhí)行文件performance性能persistence持久性pinvoke(platforminvokeservice)平臺調用服務pixel像素placementdeleteplacementnewplaceholder占位符platform平臺pod(plainolddata(type)poi(pointofinstantiation)pointer指針poll輪詢pooling池化polymorphism多態(tài)popup彈出式port端口postfix后綴precedence優(yōu)先序(通常用于運算子的優(yōu)先執(zhí)行次序)prefix前綴preprocessor預處理器primarykey(p

47、k)主鍵(pk)(fordatabase)primarytable主表(fordatabase)primarytemplate原始模板primitivetype原始類型print打印printer打印機procedure過程精品文檔精品文檔procedural過程式的、過程化的process進程profile評測profiler效能(性能)評測器program程序programmer程序員programming編程、程序設計progressbar進度指示器project項目、工程property屬性protocol協(xié)議pseudocode偽碼qualified經(jīng)過資格修飾(例如加上scope運

48、算子)qualifiedqualifier修飾符quality質量queue隊列racecondition競爭條件（多線程環(huán)境常用語）radian弧度radiobutton單選按鈕raise引發(fā)(常用來表示發(fā)出一個exception)randomnumber隨機數(shù)range范圍、區(qū)間rank等級raw未經(jīng)處理的readonly只讀record記錄(fordatabase)recordset記錄集(fordatabaserecursive遞歸re-direction重定向refactoring重構refer引用、參考reference引用、參考referencecounting引用計數(shù)referentialintegrity(ri)引用完整性(ri)(fordatabase)register寄存器reflection反射refreshdata刷新數(shù)據(jù)(fordatabase)regularexpression正則表達式relationaldatabase關系數(shù)據(jù)庫remote遠程remoterequest遠程請求represent表述，表現(xiàn)resolve解析、決議resolution解析過程精品文檔精品文檔resultset結果集(fordatabase)retrievedata檢索數(shù)據(jù)return返回returntype返