How to Improve College Student’s Reading Ability如何提高大學(xué)生的閱讀能力

1、 college of arts & science of jianghan university畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)論文（設(shè)計）題目：如何提高大學(xué)生的閱讀能力 （英文） how to improve college students reading ability 姓 名： 學(xué) 號： 院 （系）： 外語學(xué)部 專 業(yè)： 商務(wù)英語 指導(dǎo)老師： 2011年5月abstractthe most common problem college students have nowadays, including english majors, is that they have difficulty in u

2、nderstanding the long sentences, or sentences with complicated structures. therefore, how to improve reading ability of college students draws more and more attention. reading ability is very important in our daily life and studies. so the first thing we meet when we are reading is the vocabulary, t

3、hat is, how to deal with the unfamiliar words will be a very important aspect in our discussion. next, we must have a good knowledge of english grammar which will help us understand the english passages better. as the people said, practice makes perfect, so we should read a large number of english m

4、aterial except the textbooks. finally, we should eradiate the bad reading habits and form good ones. the author of the paper has analyzed some common reading skills and put forward some suggestions to the further improvement of college students reading ability with the authors own learning experienc

5、e, which may help to improve the students reading competence.key words: reading ability vocabulary grammar reading habits摘要如今大學(xué)生面臨的多數(shù)問題，包括英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生，就是在理解英語長句或者復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)句上有困難。因此，如何提高大學(xué)生的英語閱讀能力引起了越來越多的關(guān)注。英語閱讀能力在我們的日常生活和學(xué)習(xí)中都非常重要。然而，閱讀過程中遇到的首要問題就是單詞，如何處理閱讀中不熟悉的單詞在我們的討論中是非常重要的一部分。其次，我們也必須掌握好語法知識以便我們理解文章。俗話說，熟能生

6、巧，所以，除了我們的教材外我們還應(yīng)該大量閱讀英語材料。最后，我們應(yīng)該摒棄壞的閱讀習(xí)慣培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣。本文作者對常見的一些閱讀技巧進(jìn)行了分析，同時結(jié)合自身學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗，為學(xué)生閱讀能力的提高提供了一些建議，希望對他們有所幫助。關(guān)鍵詞：閱讀能力 單詞 語法 閱讀習(xí)慣contentsi. introduction. 1ii. the significance of reading ability for college students .22.1 the definition of reading.22.2 the importance of reading.32.3 the problems th

7、at students have.5 2.3.1 lack of vocabularies.5 2.3.2 weak at grammar.5 2.3.3 no interests5 2.3.4 wrong reading habits and skills.52.4 components and solutions of english reading comprehensive ability.6 2.4.1 enlarge vocabularies.6 2.4.2 improve grammar ability.8 2.4.3 change the reading habits.9 2.

8、4.4 skimming and scanning.10 2.4.5 read at a super speed.122.4.6 extensive and intensive reading.13iii. conclusion.17reference.19acknowledgements.20i. introductionclasses should be learner-centered, with meaningful, functional activities, classes begin by finding out what the students dont know. the

9、se classes operate on the assumption that there is a great deal of information that students lack and that the teacher and textbooks will impact that information to the students. teachers who hold this assumption view students as plants waiting passively to be fed and watered. but i think the studen

10、ts should be regarded as explorers, active learners who bring a great deal to the learning process and at the same time, draw from their environment as they develop new understandings. the basic principle will be used in the teaching of reading.and the teachers should cultivate the students consciou

11、sness of learning how to improve these essential english learning skills.the purpose of college english teaching is to improve the students skill of learning english by themselves, take reading for example, with the base of necessary phonetics, large vocabulary and good grammar.some people think tha

12、t reading is a very simple matter. you move your eyes along the line, and the authors message appears somehow in your mind. when a person is highly skilled as a reader, it does seem that something like that takes place. however, the actual reading process is quite complicated. try to think back when

13、 you were first learning to read, or observe a young child learning to read. it is a very difficult, complex, sometimes, painful process.reduced to its simplest elements, we might say that comprehension is a part of the communication process of getting the thoughts that were in the authors mind into

14、 the readers, but how does one reader can get the idea clearly? it depends on the reading ability of the readers. how can the readers make improvements in reading? especially for the college students. there are many skills to improve ones ability of reading comprehension, this thesis will show the m

15、ain idea of how to improve college students reading skills.ii. the significance of reading ability for college students2.1 the definition of readinggenerally, reading is about understanding written texts. but understanding a written text is not simply looking. it is a complex activity that involves

16、both perception and thought. it consists of two related processes: word recognition and comprehension. word recognition refers to the process of perceiving how written symbols correspond to ones spoken language. comprehension is the process of making sense of words, sentences and connected text. bir

17、kley (1970) defines reading as “the recognition and perception of language structures as wholes in order to comprehend both the surface and deep meaning which these structures communicate.” according to national reading panel (2001) that reading is a set of skills that allows readers to rapidly deco

18、de text while maintaining high comprehension.for the purposes of the partnership for reading, the national reading panel, and the reading first law, reading is defined as a complex system of deriving meaning from print that requires all of the following:1) the skills and knowledge to understand how

19、phonemes, or speech sounds, are connected to print2) the ability to decode unfamiliar words.3) the ability to read fluently.4) sufficient background information and vocabulary to foster reading comprehension.5) the development of appropriate active strategies to construct meaning from print.6) the d

20、evelopment and maintenance of a motivation to read.in a word, reading is the process of constructing meaning from written texts. it is a complex skill requiring the coordination of a number of interrelated sources of information.2.2 the importance of readingwith the development of society, english r

21、eading not only appears in exams but also exists in looking information, getting info, entertaining or chatting online. english articles are getting more and more, and the range of them is getting wider and wider. english, be the world nowadays international social intercourse language the success t

22、hat it obtain is an unprecedented in history of. so improving students reading ability is of great urgency.the score takes about 40% in the college english test band 4. in a certain extent, doing well or not in the reading comprehension directly influences the grades of english tests. moreover readi

23、ng could maintain the interesting of learning english, strengthen knowledge and improve ability and be helpful for students to have a better understanding of the world. we can not study foreign language well without improving the reading ability.on many of the other pages of advice on this point i h

24、ave emphasized how important reading is as far as learning english is concerned. however, there is a further, very important reason why college students should try to develop their reading skills: educational researchers have found that there is a strong correlation between reading and academic succ

25、ess. in other words, a student who is a good reader is more likely to do well in school and pass exams than a student who is a weak reader.good readers can understand the individual sentences and the organizational structure of a piece of writing. they can comprehend ideas, follow arguments, and det

26、ect implications. they know most of the words in the text already, but they can also determine the meaning of many of the unfamiliar words from the context - failing this, they can use their dictionary effectively to do so. in summary, good readers can extract from the writing what is important for

27、the particular task they are employed in. and they can do it quickly!educational researchers have also found a strong correlation between reading and vocabulary knowledge. in other words, students who have a large vocabulary are usually good readers. this is not very surprising, since the best way t

28、o acquire a large vocabulary is to read extensively, and if you read extensively you are likely to be or become a good reader! so if you want yourself to be successful at college or at work, encourage yourself to read. reading non-fiction in english is probably the most important, but english fictio

29、n and any reading in the mother tongue - if done extensively - will help your college students develop the reading competence that is essential for academic achievement.even though reading is so indispensable and useful, the consciousness of reading has been deteriorating rapidly. one of the promine

30、nt causes for this is the technology boom, wherein you can get whatever information you need with just a click! reading, however, doesnt mean making it through your school texts to clear the approaching tests. neither is it restricted to educational purposes only. you can read almost anything includ

31、ing encyclopedias, novels, dailies, magazines.the list is pretty long, but that hardly matters, as long as you like doing it. whether you like fiction or non-fiction is not important, but whether you like reading or not is! sadly, however, people nowadays seem to have totally lost interest in this a

32、ctivity. college students are too busy with their computer games and chatting on internet to make friends, they are glued on to their computer screen, amassing the wealth of knowledge through internet search engines. reading does have its loyal fan following, but the fan base is rapidly decreasing.

33、it is a well-known fact that when there were no televisions or computers, reading was a primary leisure activity. people would spend hours reading books and travel to lands far away-in their minds. the only tragedy is that, with time, students have lost their skill and passion to read. there are man

34、y other exciting and thrilling options available, aside from books. and that is a shame because reading offers a productive approach to improving vocabulary and word power. it is advisable to indulge in at least half an hour of reading a day to keep abreast of the various styles of writing and new v

35、ocabulary.reading helps in mental development and is known to stimulate the muscles of the eyes. reading is an activity that involves greater levels of concentration and adds to the conversational skills of the reader. it is an indulgence that enhances the knowledge acquired, consistently. the habit

36、 of reading also helps readers to decipher new words and phrases that they come across in everyday conversations. the habit can become a healthy addiction and adds to the information available on various topics. it helps us to stay in-touch with contemporary writers as well as those from the days of

37、 yore and makes us sensitive to global issues.to make a conclusion, reading is essential especially for college students. it is useful to have a strong consciousness of reading and own a good knowledge of reading skills.2.3 the problems that students have2.3.1 lack of vocabulariesthe english vocabul

38、ary, is the most basic part of english study and its dispensable. however, most college students reading ability is not hopeful cause of the lacking vocabularies. the quantity of english words decides the quality of english study, so, we should know this and enlarge our english words day by day with

39、 certain plan and goal.2.3.2 weak at grammarthe grammar, is also the essential and difficult part of english study, its the students weak segment of english study, let alone the reading part, so, we cant neglect the grammar.2.3.3 no intereststhe vocabulary and the grammar are all the basic segment o

40、f english reading, if you dont master them well, they will effect your reading quality, and then, the students confidence of english study must be influenced, at the same time, the students may lose the interest of english study. therefore, you should read the passages which you are interested in, a

41、nd find more opportunity to practice your spoken english, communicate with foreign friends, so that you can improve your desire for english study. as the people say, interest is the best teacher of study, so , we should own the strong desire and interest for english reading.2.3.4 wrong reading habit

42、s and skillswhen we have the good grammar and certain vocabularies, we should own the correct reading habits and skills. good learning habits are the necessary premise of successful study. lots of college students complain that reading is a difficult task. it cant give them any benefits and useful i

43、nformation. after an examination in reading, they often say that their reading speed is too slow; they cant understand what the meaning of the materials is; their reading abilities are poor. if they have good reading habits, they can flexibly use various reading skills in a test to get high marks, a

44、nd they can improve their reading abilities. some conclusions can be drawn that there are several reading habits which hinder students reading comprehension: (1).sub vocalizing (forming the sounds of the words you are reading, and even murmuring them aloud); (2).finger-pointing; (3).head movements;

45、(4).regressions and so on. all of these are bad for them in reading. college students should aware that efficient readers do not have these habits. these habits are harmful. the improvement of college students abilities in reading comprehension cant be isolated from the cultivation and training of r

46、eading skills and comprehension skills. in order to help college students to improve their reading abilities and master some reading skills, teachers should pay attention to the training of the following reading skills in reading teaching.2.4 components and solutions of english reading comprehensive

47、 ability2.4.1 enlarge vocabularies many students probably consider that their main problem in reading is not having a big enough vocabulary. it has been suggested that a vocabulary of about five thousand words is needed to start independent reading. students who meet a word they cannot interpret are

48、 first likely to ask what it means, which is fine as long as an informant is available, but not practical as the basis for interdependent study. after that, most of the students turn to dictionaries. this is very natural and in some circumstances advisable. but in fact, one of the first things to be

49、 said about a dictionary is “dont use it too much”. students who keep looking up new words read not that effectively. every time you break off to consult a dictionary, you slow down your reading and interrupt your thinking, which should be following the development of thought in the text. it would b

50、e idiotic to ban the use of dictionaries, but like many useful tools, they can be dangerous.we must free ourselves from dependence on a dictionary or an informant. it is essential to realize that we can cope without one, and that it is wasteful to look up every new word, but any students reading for

51、 a serious study purpose need to be able to look up new words. for them, they must learn to use a dictionary effectively and with discretion. the first step towards using the dictionary as a tool instead of a crutch is to decide which words to look up-and to accept that they should be as few as poss

52、ible. having decided to look up a word, we want to do it quickly and to make the best use of the information in the dictionary. both skills need training.in order to make reading more efficient and attracting, as the students say, one of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of word

53、.the number of the words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. if you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. obviously, vocabulary forms a stumbling block for the poor reader. the more

54、 words you memorize, the faster you read the article. so, it is necessary to memorize words as much as you can. by the way, it should be realized that approximately half of all written english material is composed of the 300 commonest words. certain words then have a very high occurrence and are use

55、d over and over again. since the english vocabulary is so vast, you cannot hope to master vocabulary only by learning your lessons in the classroom. reading of course involves much more than simply knowing the dictionary meaning of individual words. when coping with unknown vocabulary. you have to d

56、evelop strategies, which will allow you either to discover the meaning of the words or at least to proceed further with the text in spite of not knowing the meanings of some new words. one of the efficient ways is guessing the unknown vocabulary. guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in readin

57、g. while reading in our own language, we usually have an unconscious habit of making logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. you can use the context to get the meaning and to help you develop the comprehension skills. to be a good reader, deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexi