2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語 綜合檢測習(xí)題新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

1、2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語 綜合檢測習(xí)題新人教版選擇性必修第一冊2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語 綜合檢測習(xí)題新人教版選擇性必修第一冊年級：姓名：綜合檢測(a卷)(時間:90分鐘滿分:120分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中,選出最佳選項。a(2019河南濮陽高一上學(xué)期期末)prague is cracking!my sister was right.it is one of europes most popular tourist attractions,which has beautif

2、ul old buildings.sofar,myfavourite place is prague castle.i think it is the largest ancient castle in the world.prague also has a lot of cultural events,like the world dance festival.i went to a ballet(芭蕾舞劇) just last night.lilyive come to shanghai at the right time.it was exciting!there are many to

3、urists there.it has some wonderful buildings from the 1930s.yesterday was the dragon boat festival.i went on a night cruise(乘船游覽) of the huangpu river last night.i met some great people on the boat,mostlyforeigners,like me.stanbuenos aires is a fun city.im staying near the mile-long shopping street

4、called calleflorida.it is a great place to meet people and watch dancers perform the tango.buenos aires is the birthplace of the tango.i also spent a day in the suburb of tigre.its about 30 km from the capital,and you can get there quickly by train.however,i chose to take a boat on the canals of the

5、 parana delta.melinda1.what can be learned according to lily?a.prague is a modern city.b.prague is worth visiting.c.prague is most famous for its ballet.d.prague is the second largest ancient castle in the world.答案b解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“itisoneofeuropesmostpopulartouristattractions,whichhasbeautifuloldbui

6、ldings.sofar,myfavouriteplaceispraguecastle.ithinkitis.justlastnight.”可知,布拉格確實是歐洲最受歡迎的旅游景點之一,擁有既美麗又古老的建筑。到目前為止,“我”最喜歡的地方是布拉格城堡。這是lily的描述,從中了解到布拉格是最受歡迎的景點之一,當(dāng)然值得一游。故選b項。2.both stan and melinda .a.took a boat tripb.saw a lot of old buildingsc.went to a festivald.travelled by train答案a解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“iw

7、entonanightcruiseofthehuangpuriverlastnight.”和第四段中的“however,ichosetotakeaboatonthecanalsoftheparanadelta.”可知,stan和melinda兩人都是坐船游覽的。故選a項。3.the passage is probably taken out of .a.a history bookb.a news reportc.a travel websited.a personal diary答案c解析推理判斷題。文章以三個游歷過景點的人的口吻介紹了三個著名的旅游景點,是一種廣告推廣,目的是叫更多的人去選

8、擇這些景點,它的受眾是一般的瀏覽者,不具有專業(yè)性和私密性。故選c項。balexander fleming was born in scotland in 1881 and his parents were both farmers.he moved to london in 1895 and finished his basic education.fleming entered the medical field in 1901,studying at st.marys hospital medical school.while at st.marys,he won the 1908 gol

9、d medal as the top medical student.a position at st.marys hospital led him to the then-new field of bacteriology(細菌學(xué)).during world war ,fleming served in the royal army medical corps.at the time,antiseptics(抗菌劑) were commonly used.fleming discovered that their destructive effects on the body were gr

10、eater than their ability to break down harmful bacteria.therefore,more soldiers were dying from antiseptic treatment than from bacterial harm.fleming suggested that,for more effective treatment,wounds simply be kept dry and clean.however,his idea largely got ignored because of the difficult conditio

11、ns.returning to st.marys after the war,in 1918,fleming worked as the assistant director of st.marys.in september 1928,fleming returned to his lab after a month away with his family,and was surprised to notice that a type of bacteria he had left out had become polluted by a mold(霉菌).the bacteria surr

12、ounding this mold had been destroyed.herealised that he discovered the worlds first bacteria killer.it was later named “penicillin”.further development of penicillin was not a one-man operation,so fleming employed two young researchers.penicillin finally came into use during world war and fleming wo

13、n the nobel prize in 1945.4.what do we know about fleming?a.he began to study medicine at the age of 14.b.he completed his basic education in scotland.c.he had excellent performance while in college.d.he started his career due to his parents influence.答案c解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“flemingenteredthemedicalfield

14、in1901,.asthetopmedicalstudent.”可知,弗萊明1901年進入醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域,在圣瑪麗醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。在圣瑪麗醫(yī)學(xué)院時,他在1908年以優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)生的身份獲得金牌。由此可知,弗萊明在大學(xué)時表現(xiàn)出色,故選c項。5.what did fleming find during world war ?a.the british army suffered from a lack of antiseptics.b.few people wanted to study the field of bacteriology.c.soldiers had limited knowledge of

15、treating their wounds.d.antiseptics did more harm than good to wounded soldiers.答案d解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“flemingdiscoveredthattheirdestructiveeffectsonthebodyweregreater.thanfrombacterialharm.”可知,弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn),它們對人體的破壞性影響遠遠大于它們分解有害細菌的能力。因此,死于抗菌劑的士兵比死于細菌傷害的士兵多。因此,在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)抗菌劑對受傷的士兵弊大于利。故選d項。6.what does paragr

16、aph 4 imply?a.fleming discovered penicillin quite by accident.b.penicillin was flemings first well-known discovery.c.penicillin was later put into use by flemings students.d.fleming made a mistake while preparing for an operation.答案a解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知,1928年9月,弗萊明離開家一個月后回到實驗室,驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),他遺漏的一種細菌被霉菌污染了。這個霉菌周圍

17、的細菌已經(jīng)被消滅了。他意識到他發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上第一個細菌殺手,后來被命名為“盤尼西林”。由此判斷出,第四段暗示弗萊明偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了盤尼西林。故選a項。7.how does the author organise the text?a.by providing data.b.by giving examples.c.by making comparisons.d.by following time order.答案d解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“hemovedtolondonin1895andfinishedhisbasiceducation.flemingenteredthemedicalfield

18、in1901,studyingatst.maryshospitalmedicalschool.whileatst.marys,hewonthe1908goldmedalasthetopmedicalstudent.”和第二段中的“duringworldwar,flemingservedintheroyalarmymedicalcorps.”及第三段中的“returningtost.marysafterthewar,in1918.”以及第四段中的“inseptember1928.”和最后一段中的“penicillinfinallycameintouseduringworldwarandflemi

19、ngwonthenobelprizein1945.”可判斷出,作者是按時間順序組織文章的。故選d項。cjack ma,whose chinese name is ma yun,became the richest man in china,when the company he founded was floated on the stock market last year with a value of around 140 billion.here are some interesting stories about him.1.“beer”wasthefirstwordthatjack

20、masearchedforontheinternet.in 1995 ma made his first trip to the us and used the internet for the first time.after searching for “beer” and then “china”,he saw that no results came up relating to china.he decided to set up a chinese websitethe seeds of alibaba had been planted.2.jackmaappliedtostudy

21、atharvarduniversity10timesandwasrejected(拒絕)eachtime.ma failed the entry exam for colleges in china three times and was also rejected by many jobs,includingkfc.he was turned down by harvard university 10 times after applying.3.jackmalearntenglishbygivingtouristsfreeguideseverydayfornineyears.limited

22、 resources meant it was difficult to learn english when ma was young.however,he found that he could learn the language by giving tourists free tours around his hometown,hangzhou,which he did during his teenage years every morning for nine years.he found everything they said and did was so different

23、from what he had been taught at school and by his parents,which opened his mind.4.jackmanamedhiscompanyalibababecauseitsagloballyknownstory.ma simply wanted his company to have a global and interesting name,andrealised that alibaba is a story known across the world and it begins with a,appearing at

24、the top of lists.the company was founded in 1999 and since then has grown from 15 employees to more than 30,000.ma hopes to keep expanding alibaba outside of china.8.ma yun decided to set up a chinese website when .a.he applied to harvard universityb.he visited america for the first timec.he began t

25、o learn englishd.he wanted to make a fortune答案b解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,1995年馬云去美國的時候,使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索“beer”和“china”,他發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上沒有與中國相關(guān)的內(nèi)容,于是他決定設(shè)立一個中文網(wǎng)站。故選b項。9.which of the following is not mentioned about ma yun in the passage?a.he took the entry exam for colleges three times.b.some employers didnt offer him a job.c.harva

26、rd university turned down his application for his poor english.d.he once wanted to work at kfc.答案c解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“hewasturneddownbyharvarduniversity10timesafterapplying.”可知,文章只提及哈佛拒絕了馬云十次,但是并沒有說明拒絕的具體原因。故選c項。10.ma yuns experience of learning english tells us that .a.he is a man with strong willb.he

27、made a lot of money as a guidec.he accepted the values of foreignersd.what he had been taught at school was wrong答案a解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“however,hefoundthathecouldlearnthelanguagebygivingtouristsfreehours.”可知,為了學(xué)習(xí)英語,馬云連續(xù)九年免費給外國游客做導(dǎo)游。這足以說明他是一個意志堅定的人。故選a項。11.from the passage we can conclude that ma yun wil

28、l .a.make more profits(利潤) abroadb.settle in americac.merge(合并) with other companiesd.expand his business in china答案a解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“mahopestokeepexpandingalibabaoutsideofchina.”可知,馬云希望能夠把阿里巴巴的業(yè)務(wù)開展到國外,賺外國人的錢。故選a項。dorganic food,grown without artificial chemicals,is increasingly popular nowadays.cons

29、umers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels(商標).however,if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product,you might want to save your money.a study led by researchers at stanford university says that organic products

30、arent necessarily more nutritious,and theyre no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria,either.the latest results,published in the annualsofinternalmedicine,suggest that buyers may be wasting their money.“we did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,”

31、 says dr crystal smith-spangler from stanford.“so consumers shouldnt assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.”for their new study,smith-spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research,including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers

32、of organic against traditional food products,and 223 studies that analysed the nutritional content of the foods,including key vitamins,minerals and fats.while the researchers found little difference in nutritional content,they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have c

33、hemicals remaining on the surfaces.neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.and both organic and traditional meats,such as chicken and pork,were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates.the researchers did find t

34、hat organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids,a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.however,these nutritional differences were too small,and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends

35、.organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices,but that doesnt always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product.the us department of agriculture(usda) states that “whether you buy organic or not,finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest

36、effect on taste.” fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.12.the new research questions whether organic food .a.should replace traditional foodb.has been overpriced by farmersc.is grown with less harmful chemicalsd.is really more nutritious and healthier答案d解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“astu

37、dyledbyresearchersatstandforduniversitysaysthatorganicproductsarentnecessarilymorenutritious,and.bacteria,either.”可知,一項由斯坦福大學(xué)研究者們所做的研究表明,有機食物不一定更營養(yǎng),它們在染上致病菌方面的可能性也不會小一些?？梢钥闯?新研究是針對有機食物是否更營養(yǎng)和更健康方面提出質(zhì)疑,故選d項。13.smith-spangler and her colleagues found that .a.organic food could reduce the risk of heart

38、diseaseb.traditional food was grown with more natural methodsc.both organic and traditional food they examined were safed.there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food答案c解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的第二句可知,有機食品和傳統(tǒng)食品一樣,都符合食品安全標準,所以被檢測的兩種食物都是安全的。故選c項。14.which of the following is relatively health

39、ier according to the passage?a.organic chicken and pork.b.organic milk and chicken.c.traditional chicken and pork.d.traditional fruit and vegetables.答案b解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega-3fattyacids,ahealthyfat.heartdisease.”可知,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)有機牛奶和有機雞肉含

40、有一類較高的脂肪酸,這種脂肪酸可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險,是健康的。故選b項。15.what is the authors attitude toward organic food?a.skeptical.b.neutral.c.unconcerned.d.approving.答案a解析推理判斷題。作者在第一段提出人們不值得花過多的錢去買有機食品,以及最后一段引用usda美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的觀點“.whetheryoubuyorganicfoodornot,findingthefreshestfoodsavailablemayhavethebiggesteffectontaste.”和最后一句“fresh

41、foodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.”可看出作者是持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選a項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。everyone wants to achieve happiness and smile.16 how do we find real happiness and smile?by getting rich?in case you are scratching your head,looking for some reasons or id

42、eas to be happy.here are a few.1.throwanimpromptu(即興的)party.17 an impromptu one increases the joy to a new level.and of course making other people happy is bound to have the same effect on you.2.treatyourself.sometimes all it takes to make one happy is a little indulgence(放縱).so,go ahead and grab a

43、cup of coffee and sit inside a blanket with a good book!you will be surprised at how happy it makes you.3.18 happiness can be transformed!when we feel happy and excited,it can lift the spirits of others.your simple gesture can transform a persons day and get him or her prepared to take on any challe

44、nge.4.haveaconversationwithaparent.if you are like most kids,you possibly spend more time texting or surfing the internet than talking to your family.19you will be surprised at the feeling of joy that it brings to you.5.finally,dontforgettobehappyeveryday!while international day of happiness may com

45、e about only once a year,happiness is around you all day and night.20a.you just have to seek it out and grab it.b.most of your family members show no interest in texting or the internet.c.but life is hard,so it is very difficult to find real happiness and smile.d.be friendly to others and smile at a

46、 stranger.e.set aside your mobile phone for a few minutes and have a chat with a family member.f.you should try to celebrate the day of happiness every day and everywhere.g.nothing makes people happier than being invited to a party.答案1620 cgdea第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后

47、各題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2019黑龍江雙鴨山第一中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期末)jason,ourson,was born with cerebral palsy(大腦性癱瘓).my wife and i often encouraged him as he 21 many challenges in his early years.it was 22 to see him regularly chosen last for baseball,but his most 23 time came when he began high school.one afte

48、rnoon,jason returned home in24and shouted:“im never going to school again!” he was 25 with food that other kids had 26 him on the school bus on the way home.jason later told us what had 27.a few days earlier,jason had28up for the school running team.thatday,a few older students made 29 of his perfor

49、mance on the track and threw food at him.i called the headmaster about the 30,and it never happened again.one day,as the other kids exercised in the gym,they31 one lonely runnerjason jogging around the snow-covered track.a few days later,jason had something to tell us,“mum,dad,sit down,” he said.“i

50、was ready for the32.” he told us that each month,students33 an “athlete of the month”.the coach would list the top athletes,and students voted for the 34.jasons name had never been 35.but that day,one student said:“sir,i would like to nominate(提名) jason for the athlete of the month.” the coach looke

51、d36.“he works harder than any of us,sir,” the student continued.tears37 in jasons eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up.we,also in tears,looked on as he38 showed his certificate(證書).whenever i lose 39,i think of this story.i remind myself that challenges are not overcome by force,but by p

52、atience,40,and faith.21.a.neededb.playedc.facedd.spoke答案c解析句意:在他早年面臨許多挑戰(zhàn)的時候,我和我的妻子經(jīng)常鼓勵他。need“需要”;play“演奏”;face“面對”;speak“說話”。jason天生大腦性癱瘓,在現(xiàn)實生活中必然會面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)和困難。故選c項。22.a.heartbreakingb.hopefulc.complexd.entertaining答案a解析句意:看到他經(jīng)常最后被考慮選為棒球比賽的球員是令人心碎的。heartbreaking“心碎的”;hopeful“充滿希望的”;complex“復(fù)雜的”;enterta

53、ining“娛樂的”。聽到j(luò)ason在選擇棒球手受到歧視的時候,父母親會非常難受。故選a項。23.a.difficultb.comfortablec.differentd.wonderful答案a解析句意:但是他最困難的時候是他上高中時。difficult“困難的”;comfortable“舒服的”;different“不同的”;wonderful“精彩的”;由下文敘述可知jason讀高中以后,遇見了人生中最大的困難,也就是說高中是他人生中最艱難的時候。故選a項。24.a.tearsb.amazementc.laughterd.fear答案a解析句意:一天下午,jason哭著回到家,大喊:“我

54、再也不會去上學(xué)了!”tear“眼淚”;amazement“驚奇”;laughter“笑聲”;fear“恐懼”。根據(jù)下文可知其他同學(xué)把食物扔在jason的身上,jason感覺被欺負而流淚。故選a項。25.a.filledb.followedc.affectedd.covered答案d解析句意:他身上蓋滿了校車上其他孩子在回家途中朝他扔的食物。fill“充滿”;follow“跟隨,采納”;affect“影響”;cover“覆蓋”。故選d項。26.a.pushed overb.broken intoc.thrown atd.went out答案c解析句意同上。pushover“推倒”;breakin

55、to“闖入”;throwat“朝扔”;goout“出去”。jason的身上蓋滿了其他孩子朝他扔的食物,這讓他非常難過。故選c項。27.a.recordedb.observedc.happenedd.expressed答案c解析句意:jason后來告訴我們發(fā)生了什么事。record“記錄”;observe“遵守,觀察”;happen“發(fā)生”;express“表達”。故選c項。28.a.stayedb.signedc.pickedd.taken答案b解析句意:幾天前,jason報名參加了學(xué)校田徑隊。stay“留下”;sign“簽名”;pick“挑選”;take“拿走”。短語signupfor“報名

56、參加”,通常表示參加某個組織或活動。故選b項。29.a.judgesb.usec.mistakesd.fun答案d解析句意:那天,一些比他年齡大的學(xué)生取笑他在跑道上的表演,并向他投擲食物。judge“法官”;use“使用”;mistake“錯誤”;fun“樂趣”。makefunof意為“取笑;嘲弄”。jason患有大腦性癱瘓,他在田徑隊的表現(xiàn)不好,因此被其他隊員取笑。故選d項。30.a.plotb.scenec.crimed.situation答案d解析句意:我給校長打了電話,投擲食物的情況再也沒有發(fā)生。plot“情節(jié)”;scene“現(xiàn)場”;crime“犯罪”;situation“情景,情況”

57、。故選d項。31.a.knewb.watchedc.noticedd.realised答案c解析句意:他們注意到一個孤獨的跑步者jason在冰雪覆蓋的跑道上慢跑。know“知道”;watch“觀看”;notice“注意到”;realise“意識到”;當(dāng)其他孩子在體育館里訓(xùn)練的時候,他們注意到孤獨的jason獨自一人在大雪覆蓋的跑道上慢跑。watch表示長時間注視某物,不符合文意。故選c項。32.a.bestb.leastc.mostd.worst答案d解析句意:我為最壞的情況做好了準備。best“最佳”;least“最少”;most“最多”;worst“最差”。根據(jù)上文可知因為患病,他在田徑隊中的表現(xiàn)很差,經(jīng)常被別人欺負,所以他已經(jīng)為最壞的情況做好了準備。故選d項。33.a.hopedb.agreedc.meantd.chose答案d解析句意:每個月,學(xué)生都會選擇“每月的最佳運動員”。hope“希望”;agree“同意”;mean“意味著”;choose“選擇”。田徑隊里每個月都要選一個表現(xiàn)最佳的成員并授予“月最佳隊員”的稱號。故選d項。34.a.winnerb.rulerc.adv