科技英語答案

1、 Exercises Ex. I I. Mark the following statements with T (true) or F (false) according to the passage ( ) 1. Todays industries cannot survive worldwide competition unless they introduce new products with better QCD. ( ) 2. The manufacturing process starts from the design specifications and ends with

2、 shipping of the actual products. ( ) 3. Most of the information generated and handled in the synthesis subprocess is quantitative. ( ) 4. Once a design has been completed, after optimization or some tradeoff decision, the design evaluation phase begins. ( ) 5. The outcome of process planning is a p

3、roduction plan, a materials order, and machine programming. F T F T T Back EX. 1 ( ) 6. The product cycle described by Zeid is presented in the passage with no modifications. ( ) 7. The product cycle consists of two main processes: the design process and the manufacturing process. ( ) 8. If the desi

4、gn evaluation on the prototype indicates that the design is satisfactory, the process described is not repeated with a new design. ( ) 9. The relationship of process planning to the manufacturing process is not similar to that of synthesis to the design process. ( ) 10. Once process planning has bee

5、n completed, the actual product is produced and inspected against quality requirements. F T T F T Back Exercises Ex. II 1.What are the advantages of using CAD, CAM, and CAE? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production. Back Ex

6、ercises 2. How many processes is the product cycle made of? What are they? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process EX. II Back Exercises 3. What are the two main activities involved in t

7、he design process? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types： synthesis and analysis EX. II Back Exercises 4. Why is rapid prototyping becoming popular for constructing prototypes? II. Give brief answers

8、to the following questions 4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by depositing layers from the bottom to the topThus, it enables the construction of the prototype directly from its design. EX. II Back Exercises 5. What should be requ

9、ired for the preparation of design documentation? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 5. This includes the preparation of drawings， reports，and bills of materials. EX. II Back Exercises Ex. III 1. capacity 2. function 3. modification 4. formulation 5. subprocess 6. assemble 7. dimensio

10、n 8. prototype 9. symmetry 10. outcome III. Match the items listed in the following two columns a. something that follows from an action, dispute, situation, etc; result; consequence b. a small change or adjustment c. to fit or join together (the parts of something, such as a machine) d. the ability

11、 or power to contain, absorb, or hold；the amount that can be contained; volume e. a natural or usual duty (of a person) or purpose (of a thing) f. measurement; scope size g. similarity, correspondence, or balance among systems or parts of a system h. a person or thing that serves as an example of a

12、type i. branch of process j. the act or process of formulating Back Ex. IV IV. Translate the following phrases 1. processing speed 2. user-friendly interactive graphics 3. product cycle 4. design specification 5. design evaluation 6. 計算機輔助設(shè)計計算機輔助設(shè)計 7. 計算機輔助制造計算機輔助制造 8. 計算機輔助工程計算機輔助工程 9. 設(shè)計過程設(shè)計過程 10.

13、 制造過程制造過程 1.處理速度處理速度 2.用戶友好的交互圖形用戶友好的交互圖形 3. 產(chǎn)品周期產(chǎn)品周期 4. 設(shè)計規(guī)格設(shè)計規(guī)格 5. 設(shè)計評價設(shè)計評價 6.CAD 7.CAM 8.CAE 9.design process 10.manufacturing process Back V. Translate the following Sentences 1. Todays industries cannot survive worldwide competition unless they introduce new products with better quality（quality

14、, Q）, at lower cost （cost, C）, and with shorter time delivery（delivery, D）. 1. 除非能以較低的價格、更好的質(zhì)量以及更短的交貨時間推出除非能以較低的價格、更好的質(zhì)量以及更短的交貨時間推出 新產(chǎn)品，否則任何企業(yè)都無法在當今的國際競爭中立足。新產(chǎn)品，否則任何企業(yè)都無法在當今的國際競爭中立足。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 2. The design process starts from customersdemands that are identifie

15、d by marketing personnel and ends with a complete description of the product, usually in the form of a drawing. 2. 設(shè)計過程始于由市場人員認定的用戶需求，止于對產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計過程始于由市場人員認定的用戶需求，止于對產(chǎn)品的 完整描述，通常用制圖來表現(xiàn)。完整描述，通常用制圖來表現(xiàn)。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 3. Dimensional reduction, for example, implies that a thi

16、n sheet of material is represented by an equivalent surface with a thickness attribute or that a long slender region is represented by a line having cross-sectional properties. 3. 例如：尺寸縮小例如：尺寸縮小, 表示一張薄的材料可由具有厚度屬性的等效表示一張薄的材料可由具有厚度屬性的等效 曲面來代表，或一個細長區(qū)域可由具有截面特性的線段來表曲面來代表，或一個細長區(qū)域可由具有截面特性的線段來表 示。示。 Ex. V B

17、ack V. Translate the following Sentences 4. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the manufacturing process begins with process planning, using the drawings from the design process, and it ends with the actual products. 4. 如圖如圖1所示，制造過程所示，制造過程, 根據(jù)設(shè)計過程的圖紙根據(jù)設(shè)計過程的圖紙, 始于工藝計劃，始于工藝計劃， 止于實際的產(chǎn)品。止于實際的產(chǎn)品。 Ex. V Back V. Tr

18、anslate the following Sentences 5. An analysis model is derived first because the analysis subprocess is applied to the model rather than the design itself. 5. 首先要導(dǎo)出一個分析模型，因為分析子過程適用于該模型而首先要導(dǎo)出一個分析模型，因為分析子過程適用于該模型而 非設(shè)計本身。非設(shè)計本身。 Ex. V Back Exercises Ex. I I. Mark the following statements with T (true)

19、or F (false) according to the passage ( ) 1. Automation plays an increasingly important role in the global economy, industries and in our daily life. ( ) 2. Automation is the use of control systems and other applications of information technology, to control industrial machinery and processes, reduc

20、ing the need for human intervention. ( ) 3. In the scope of industrialization, automation is equal to mechanization. ( ) 4. The speech, music, or data which are produced at one location and transmitted over long distances, permit unfaithful recovery of the original input. ( ) 5. The letters AM mean

21、that the magnitude of a radio frequency signal is caused to vary according to the magnitude of an audio frequency signal. T T F F T Back EX.1 ( ) 6. The transmitter in an AM broadcast system is microphone. ( ) 7. The purpose of an ice bath in the thermocouple thermometer is to provide a stable refer

22、ence point. ( ) 8. The thermocouple voltage is usually proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. ( ) 9. A feedback control system must have a link that detect the information about the output and modify one of the driving signals. ( ) 10. In the feedback control system, t

23、he controller may not be a person. F T F T T Back Exercises Ex. II 1. How many automatic control systems are there? What are they? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 1. Three. They are communication system, measurement system, and feedback control system. Back Exercises 2. What is the

24、 function of transmitter in an AM broadcast system? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 2. It is to accept the input signal from an input device , use this signal to control the amplitude of a radio frequency signal , and drive the output device with a radio frequency current to produc

25、e electromagnetic waves radiating into space. EX. II Back Exercises 3. What is the purpose of the measurement system? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 3. To acquire information from suitable transducers about the behavior of some physical system and to display this information to th

26、e observer. EX. II Back Exercises 4. What is the third system in the illustrative systems? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 4. It is the feedback control system. EX. II Back Exercises 5. Please give a description of the feedback control system. II. Give brief answers to the followin

27、g questions 5. The information about the behavior of the output modifies the signals driving the system. EX. II Back Exercises Ex. III 1. frequency 2. antenna 3. filter 4. audio 5. amplify 6. accurate 7. strip 8. loudspeaker 9. ice bath 10. junction III. Match the items listed in the following two c

28、olumns a. joining or being joined b. a particular number of radio waves per second c. the various sound waves that can be heard by the human ear d. free from error e. increase the strength of something f. a device of receiving system of/or transmitting system g. pass (liquid, light, etc.) through a

29、filter h. electronic device for amplifying the sound of sbs voice i. a container full of ice and water j. long narrow piece or area Back Ex. IV IV. Translate the following phrases 1. Amplitude Modulation 2. radio frequency 3. ice bath 4. be proportional to 5. a digital display register 6.音頻麥克風 7.接收系

30、統(tǒng) 8.傳輸/發(fā)射系統(tǒng) 9.開關(guān)控制 10.設(shè)置溫度 1.調(diào)幅 2. 射頻/無線電頻率 3. 冰點槽 4. 與成比例 5. 數(shù)字顯示器 6. audio microphone 7. receiving system 8. transmitting system 9. on-off control 10. set the temperature Back V. Translate the following Sentences 1. The purpose of this system is to acquire information from suitable transducers abo

31、ut the behavior of some physical system and to display this information to the observer. 1. 該系統(tǒng)的目的是從相應(yīng)的傳感器上獲取某個實物系統(tǒng)的性能變該系統(tǒng)的目的是從相應(yīng)的傳感器上獲取某個實物系統(tǒng)的性能變 化的數(shù)據(jù)，并向觀測員顯示該數(shù)據(jù)。化的數(shù)據(jù)，并向觀測員顯示該數(shù)據(jù)。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 2. In measurement system, therefore, one expects to be concerned with lo

32、cating and removing any small errors that might be added to the signal at each step of the processing sequence. 2. 在測量系統(tǒng)中，需要人在每一個處理步驟中查找確定并消除在測量系統(tǒng)中，需要人在每一個處理步驟中查找確定并消除 任何可能會加到信號上的小錯誤任何可能會加到信號上的小錯誤 。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 3. The third system is the feedback control system, i

33、n which information about the behavior of the output modifies the signals driving the system. 3. 第三個系統(tǒng)是反饋控制系統(tǒng)。在該系統(tǒng)中，表示輸出性第三個系統(tǒng)是反饋控制系統(tǒng)。在該系統(tǒng)中，表示輸出性 能的數(shù)據(jù)被用來調(diào)整驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的信號。能的數(shù)據(jù)被用來調(diào)整驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的信號。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 4. This familiar example, which in fact includes no electrical componen

34、ts other than a switch, was chosen to emphasize the feedback concept. 4. 我們選擇一個熟悉的反饋系統(tǒng)例子，就是選擇只有開關(guān)而不我們選擇一個熟悉的反饋系統(tǒng)例子，就是選擇只有開關(guān)而不 包括任何電器元件的系統(tǒng)，來強調(diào)反饋原理。包括任何電器元件的系統(tǒng)，來強調(diào)反饋原理。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 5. Suppose there were no mechanism for turning the furnace ON or OFF, the temperature

35、 of the room would either rise to some maximum (if the furnace were on all the time) or drop to some minimum ( if the furnace were off all the time). 5. 假設(shè)取暖爐沒有開關(guān)裝置，房間的溫度，或者升到某假設(shè)取暖爐沒有開關(guān)裝置，房間的溫度，或者升到某 個最高個最高 溫度（如果取暖爐一直開著），或者降到某個溫度（如果取暖爐一直開著），或者降到某個 最低溫度（如果取暖爐一直關(guān)著）。最低溫度（如果取暖爐一直關(guān)著）。 Ex. V Back Exercise

36、s Ex .I I. Mark the following statements with T (true) or F (false) according to the passage （ ）1.The Pixo is a battery-electric concept car highlighting Nissans focus on electric drive for the future. （ ）2.Pixo is a five-door, four-seater car featuring a three cylinder 1.0-liter engine. （ ）3.Pixo i

37、s available only with automatic transmissions. （ ）4.There are several engine options for Pixo. （ ）5.Within the next five to seven years, some 55% of the worlds population will live in cities. F T F F T Back EX. 1 （ ）6.Nissan has already announced plans to introduce NuVu in Japan and the U.S. in 2010

38、. （ ）7.NuVu is a fully mobile working test bed for much of the technology that will be used in Nissans production EV to be launched in 2010. （ ）8.The NuVu battery pack uses new laminated lithium-ion cells with a capacity of 140 wh/kg. （ ）9.A complete quick charge should take between 20 to 30 minutes

39、. （ ）10.Pixos turning circle is 3.7 meters. F T T F F Back Exercises Ex. II 1. What kind of cars will Nissan unveil at the Paris Motor show this year? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 1. Nissan will unveil a new city car, the Pixo and a battery-electric concept car, the NuVu. Back E

40、xercises 2. What types of transmission does the Pixo provide? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 2. Pixo is available with manual or automatic transmissions. EX. II Back Exercises 3. When will the sales of Pixo start? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 3. The sales of P

41、ixo start from late spring 2009. EX. II Back Exercises 4. What kind of battery pack does NuVu use? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 4. The NuVu battery pack uses new laminated lithium-ion cells with a capacity of 140 wh/kg . EX. II Back Exercises 5. Why there are no door mirrors in

42、NuVu? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 5. Because two screens on the dashboard display the view behind the car-there are no door mirrors to disturb the airflow. EX. II Back Exercises Ex. III 1. filter 2. socket 3. release 4. launch 5. steer 6. current 7.pedal 8.brake 9. recycle 10.

43、unveil III. Match the items listed in the following two columns a .to show or tell people about a new product or plan for the first time b. to put used objects or materials through a special process so that they can be used again c. to start something, usually something big or important d. to let ne

44、ws or official information be known and printed e. a flow of electricity through a wire f. a place in a wall where you can connect electrical equipment to the supply of electricity g. to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel h. to make a vehicle or bicycle go more

45、slowly or stop by using its brake i. a part in a car or on a machine that you press with your foot to control it j. to remove unwanted substances from water, air etc by passing it through a special substance or piece of equipment Back Ex. IV IV. Translate the following phrases 1.manual or automatic

46、transmissions 2.the interior design 3.laminated lithium-ion cells 4.solar panel 5.head and tail lamps 6.概念車概念車 7. 全景攝像頭全景攝像頭 8.測試平臺測試平臺 9.電池組電池組 10.轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑 1.手動或自動擋手動或自動擋/變速器變速器 2.內(nèi)部設(shè)計內(nèi)部設(shè)計 3.薄板鋰離子電池薄板鋰離子電池 4.太陽能電池板太陽能電池板 5.頭尾燈頭尾燈 6. concept car 7. Around View Camera 8. test bed 9. battery pack 10.

47、turning circle Back V. Translate the following Sentences 1. Nissan unveiled a new city carthe Pixoand a battery-electric concept car highlighting Nissans focus on electric drive for the future, the NuVu. 1. 尼桑推出了一款新城市汽車尼桑推出了一款新城市汽車Pixo和一款電力驅(qū)動的概念車和一款電力驅(qū)動的概念車 NuVu -預(yù)示了尼桑未來的重點會放在電力驅(qū)動車上。預(yù)示了尼桑未來的重點會放在電力驅(qū)

48、動車上。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 2. Ongoing urbanization will force a radical rethink of the types of cars driven in cities, Nissan said. 2. 尼桑表示尼桑表示:正在進行的城市化將迫使人們對城市中駕駛的各正在進行的城市化將迫使人們對城市中駕駛的各 類汽車進行徹底的重新思考。類汽車進行徹底的重新思考。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 3. The most

49、important aspect of NuVu is the interior design which provides great comfort and space in an intelligent package（一整套東西）（一整套東西）. 3. NuVu重要的方面是其內(nèi)部設(shè)計，聰明的整體設(shè)計提供了極大重要的方面是其內(nèi)部設(shè)計，聰明的整體設(shè)計提供了極大 的舒適和空間。的舒適和空間。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 4. There are two pedals for stop and go and a digital

50、 instrument panel with dials for speed, distance covered and battery capacity. 4. 兩個踏板，用于停車和前進。數(shù)字儀表盤上還有儀表來顯兩個踏板，用于停車和前進。數(shù)字儀表盤上還有儀表來顯 示速度、行駛里程和電池容量。示速度、行駛里程和電池容量。 Ex. V Back V. Translate the following Sentences 5. With its lightweight construction, Pixo produces CO2 emissions as low as 103 g/km with

51、fuel consumption of 4.6 L/100km on the combined cycle (NEDC). 5. 憑借其輕巧的結(jié)構(gòu)，憑借其輕巧的結(jié)構(gòu)，Pixo 在新歐洲駕駛循環(huán)測試中產(chǎn)生的在新歐洲駕駛循環(huán)測試中產(chǎn)生的 二氧化碳排放量低至二氧化碳排放量低至103克克/公里，燃料消耗量為公里，燃料消耗量為4.6升升 /100 公里。公里。 Ex. V Back Exercises Ex. I I. Mark the following statements with T (true) or F (false) according to the passage （ ）1. In a

52、typical NC system the numerical data which is required for producing a part is maintained on a punched tape and is called the part program （ ）2. Dimensional information and the contour form are taken from computer system. （ ）3. The part dimensions are expressed in part programs by integers. （ ）4.The

53、 CNC machine tool is the servo actuator of the CAD/CAM technology figuratively. （ ）5. Numerical Control (NC) was the forerunner of todays Computer Numerical Control. T F T F T Back EX.1 ( ) 6. It is enough for the part programmer to possess knowledge in mechanical engineering fields. ( ) 7. NC machi

54、nes were first developed after World War One. ( ) 8. To calculate the position command in NC, the actual length is divided by the BLU value. ( ) 9. GE had its NC 550 workhorse for many years until they come out with their first CNC (model 1050) in August 1974. ( ) 10. An operator of NC machine tool

55、must be a skilled machinist. F F T T F Back Exercises Ex. II 1. What is the definition of NC given by the Electronic Industries Association? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 1. “A system in which actions are controlled by the direct insertion of numerical data at some point. The sys

56、tem must automatically interpret at least some portion of this data.” Back Exercises 2. What are essential qualifications of a good NC operator according to the text? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 2. The operator works with a sophisticated and expensive system, intelligence, clea

57、r thinking, and especially good judgment are essential qualifications of a good NC operator. EX.II Back Exercises 3. What is the driving device of NC machine tool? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 3. The driving device may be a DC motor, a hydraulic actuator, or a stepping motor. EX

58、.II Back Exercises 4. What are differences between conventional machine tool and NC machine tool? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 4. Compared with a conventional machine tool, the NC system replaces the manual actions of the operator. In conventional machining a part is produced by

59、 moving a cutting tool along a workpiece by means of handwheels, which are guided by an operator. EX.II Back Exercises 5. Why Mylar (or polyester) tapes became popular? II. Give brief answers to the following questions 5. Because of their high durability and quality. EX.II Back Exercises Ex. III 1.

60、workpiece 2. manual 3. forerunner 4. contour 5. execute 6. segment 7. inherent 8. dimensional 9. sophisticated 10. conventional III. Match the items listed in the following two columns a. measurement of any sort (breadth, length, thickness, height) b. outward curve of sth or sb thought of as definin