外研版高中英語必修3-Module-6《Old-and-New》(Grammar)ppt課件[共30頁]

1、 Module 6 Old and New Grammar 1. Learn the attributive clauses. 2. Learn some language points. Learning aims 有部分課件由于控制文件大小，內(nèi)容不完整，請聯(lián)系購買完整版 試比較：試比較： 1. This is the place where I lived ten years ago . The school , where I once studied , was built thirty years ago. 2. He is a man who I can ask for help.

2、 His father , who works in Beijing, came back yesterday. Leading - in 限制性定語從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果去掉從句，剩余部分意義不完整；非限制性定限制性定語從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果去掉從句，剩余部分意義不完整；非限制性定 語從句只是先行詞的附加說明，如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。語從句只是先行詞的附加說明，如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。 GRAMMAR 1 Non-defining attributive clauses 1.非限制性定語從句位于名詞之后，不作限定性描述，僅作說明和補充，通常用非限制性定語從句位于名詞之后，不作

3、限定性描述，僅作說明和補充，通常用 逗號隔開。逗號隔開。 Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town. 彼得開了整整一天車，他建議在下一個城鎮(zhèn)停留。彼得開了整整一天車，他建議在下一個城鎮(zhèn)停留。 She gave me this dictionary, which she had bought in the bookshop. 她送給我的這本詞典，是她在書店買的她送給我的這本詞典，是她在書店買的。 2. 在限制性定語從句中，如果關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語，?？墒÷?。非限制性在限制性定語從句中，如果關(guān)

4、系代詞在從句中作賓語，?？墒÷?。非限制性 定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞不能省略，不能用定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞不能省略，不能用that引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系代詞跟在介詞之后不能引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系代詞跟在介詞之后不能 省略。省略。 1) The letter which/that I received was from Ben. = The letter _ _ was from Ben. 2) In the dark street, there wasnt a person to whom she could turn for help.= , there wasnt a person _ she could turn to

5、 for help. I received whom/who/ 不填不填 3. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 as可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句, 代替整個主句的意思代替整個主句的意思,其位置比較靈活其位置比較靈活, 可位于句首、句中、句末可位于句首、句中、句末; which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句后。引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句后。 As we all know, English is easy to learn. English, as we all know, is easy to learn. He failed the exam, which made his fa

6、ther angry. 限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句 【高考鏈接高考鏈接】 1.（2015福建高考）福建高考）China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. whoB. whom C. that D. which 【解【解題關(guān)鍵題關(guān)鍵】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后的句子是對空格前的句子的解釋說明，是非限根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后的句子是對空格前的句子的解釋說明，是非

7、限 制性定語從句。制性定語從句。whichwhich指代前面的整個句子。指代前面的整個句子。 2.（2015江蘇高考）江蘇高考）The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A. it B. which C. what D. as 【解【解題關(guān)鍵題關(guān)鍵】句意：據(jù)報道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在僅僅一年內(nèi)下降了句意：據(jù)報道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在僅僅一年內(nèi)下降了17%。as引導(dǎo)定語引導(dǎo)定語 從句，表示從句，表示“正如正如”。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，不放在句中。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，不放在

8、句中。 GRAMMAR 2 Contraction of attributive clauses Read the sentences and find out the meaning of them and underline the relative clauses. 1.I met a man my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. 2.I met a man who my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. 3.I wanted to visit the house that my gra

9、ndparents lived in. 4.The bus which I took back to my birth place was full of visitors from other parts of China. Summary 當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)賓語時，可以省略。當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)賓語時，可以省略。 當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語時，則不能省略。當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語時，則不能省略。 Rules of the contraction of attributive clauses. 有些定語從句可以縮略為各種短語，如分詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞短語、

10、介詞有些定語從句可以縮略為各種短語，如分詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞短語、介詞 短語及動詞不定式短語等，且句意不受影響。我們稱這一語法現(xiàn)象為定語從句的短語及動詞不定式短語等，且句意不受影響。我們稱這一語法現(xiàn)象為定語從句的 縮略?？s略。 縮略為分詞短語：縮略為分詞短語： 1. 有些定語從句可直接略去作主語的關(guān)系代詞（有些定語從句可直接略去作主語的關(guān)系代詞（who, which, that）和部分謂語（）和部分謂語（am, is, are, was, were）等，使之縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語或過去分詞短語作后置定語。）等，使之縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語或過去分詞短語作后置定語。 (1) I know the me

11、n (who are) sitting in that car. 我認(rèn)識坐在那輛汽車?yán)锏哪切┤?。我認(rèn)識坐在那輛汽車?yán)锏哪切┤恕?(2) The boys helped the people (that were )hurt in the accident. 那些男孩子救助了事故中受傷的人們。那些男孩子救助了事故中受傷的人們。 (3) The problem (which is) bothering everybody is the lack of money. 令大家麻煩的問題是缺少資金。令大家麻煩的問題是缺少資金。 (4) The book (that has been) given to

12、him is an English novel. 給他的那本書是一部英語小說。給他的那本書是一部英語小說。 2. 有些定語從句不能按上述方法直接縮略，而需變動詞為分詞。這類定語從句一有些定語從句不能按上述方法直接縮略，而需變動詞為分詞。這類定語從句一 般縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，且在縮略時要考慮現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)特征。般縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，且在縮略時要考慮現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)特征。 例如：例如： (1) The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking. The man owning that car will be fined

13、 for illegal parking. 那輛汽車的主人將因違章停車而被處以罰款。那輛汽車的主人將因違章停車而被處以罰款。 (2) Bill, who had taken chemistry in high school ,offered to help him. Bill, having taken chemistry in high school , offered to help him. 比爾在高中學(xué)過化學(xué)，他主動提出幫助他。比爾在高中學(xué)過化學(xué)，他主動提出幫助他。 Language Points make sense 講得通講得通;有意義有意義;有道理有道理 If you take

14、away the attributive clauses, do the sentences still make sense? 如果你把定語從句拿掉，這些句子仍然有意義嗎？如果你把定語從句拿掉，這些句子仍然有意義嗎？ What he said doesnt make any sense. 他說的話毫無意義。他說的話毫無意義。 It makes good sense that they keep cattle on the hillside. 他們在山坡上養(yǎng)牛很有道理。他們在山坡上養(yǎng)牛很有道理。 【知識拓展知識拓展】 make a lot of/some/no sense 很有很有/有一定有一

15、定/沒有道理沒有道理 make sense of . 弄懂，理解（主語常為人）弄懂，理解（主語常為人） in a/some sense 從某種意義上講從某種意義上講 in no sense/way 絕不絕不 there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事毫無道理做某事毫無道理 I dont make sense of what she said. 我不理解她的話。我不理解她的話。 This sentence makes no sense. 這個句子沒有意義。這個句子沒有意義。 There is no sense in worrying about the past. 為

16、過去的事情擔(dān)憂是毫無意義的。為過去的事情擔(dān)憂是毫無意義的。 【即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練】 This sentence just doesnt make any _, no matter how you read it. A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. value 【解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵】句意：無論你怎樣讀這個句子，它就是沒有任何意義。句意：無論你怎樣讀這個句子，它就是沒有任何意義。make sense有意義。有意義。 Class exercises 1.（2014天津天津高考高考)English is a language shared by several di

17、verse cultures,uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them 2. (2014四川四川高考高考)Until now , we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,is quite unexpected. A. that B. which C. who D . it 3. (2014浙江浙江高考高考)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth gr

18、ade,I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. why 4. （2013遼寧高考）遼寧高考） He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team. A. in which case B. in that case C. in what case D. in whose case 5. （2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷I）“You cant judge a book by its cover,” _ . A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying 【解題關(guān)