在線旅游外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯最新譯文資料

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx在線旅游外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯最新譯文資料【精品文檔】文獻(xiàn)出處：U Gretzel. The business model innovation of online travel in E-commerce environment J. Tourism management, 2015, 31(2): 179-188.原文The business model innovation of online travel in E-commerce environmentU GretzelAbstractOnline travel industry as the combinatio

2、n of tourism and the Internet, have different characteristics with the traditional tourism. In this process, the Internet is always playing an important role in the world. With the progress of the society, the Internet technology perfect fusion together with the traditional commerce, has given rise

3、to a new economic form, namely the electronic commerce. Electronic commerce appeared was penetrated into society at an alarming rate of all walks of life, to bring all walks of life the subversive, new changes. The speeding up of the modernization process, making online travel services and online tr

4、avel services business model also have different characteristics and features.Keywords: e-commerce, online travel, business model1 IntroductionCompared with a previous any technological revolution in the computer network is widely used for the symbol of the social impact of modern science and techno

5、logy revolution in both depth and breadth is unprecedented, it is in the human into the information age also created a new industry, information technology industry. Electronic commerce if it shows strong vitality and influence, its impact on the society as a whole both in breadth and in depth are f

6、ar more than any time before the scientific and technological achievements. On the one hand, it forced firms to transfer the line of sight to the traditional business constraints, across the existing competition boundaries to create a new market. On the other hand, it also create conditions for the

7、adjustment of enterprise business model. Enterprise business model, its essence is business model design and implementation of business model of systemic framework and tools. Therefore, in this with differentiation, personalized for the demand of the mainstream market environment, companies can crea

8、te, practice its strategy is essentially refers to the enterprise business model innovation is valid.The biggest characteristic is to customers of tourism demand elasticity, sensitive to the environment. The penetration of the thorough application of the Internet and e-commerce is bound to have a si

9、gnificant impact on the development of the industry. Therefore, the enterprise can be in a whole new perspective of business model innovation as the starting point is the access to resources, improve ability and the key to achieve strategic competitive advantage.2 Literature reviewThe rise of online

10、 travel services and development, and changed from the wooden curve of the development of tourism industry and tourism enterprises operating mode and business process, influence is more, I want to focus ten online travel service management, the relationship of relevant interest groups, business mode

11、l, sales, and pure way, successful experience and the development trend of the future.Fesenraaier (2008) analyzed the business situation and business models. Think there are three kinds of operation mode: general tourist information service website, online travel booking service agents, travel servi

12、ce and travel products suppliers directly. Analyzes the travel website works in the United States, the U.S. travel sites is the brand cooperation, preferential prices, the network marketing, service fees and other measures to boost profits.Sigak (2007) discusses the social network such as the use an

13、d management of new technology of web 2.0, web 2.0 combined with online travel is a new innovation, will set up a new online travel business model, the use and management of web 2.0 will be to influence business decisions.Reuver, etc. (2008) studied the importance of online travel website domain nam

14、e online, online domain influence consumer concern for its tourism website on the Internet, analyze the importance of the search engines influence on online travel and tourism search engine.Olson (2010) through the travel sites, travel sites users and tourism service providers to three aspects of su

15、rvey, reveals the most is a regional tourist destination travel website supplier organization, provides comprehensive local tourism information and online services. Analyzed the users satisfaction, discuss the obstacles for realizing the online travel service lies in technology and finance, Internet

16、 speed is slow and high cost, and put forward the possible methods to improve the quality of service of online travel.Terwiech (2005) studied the NYOP consumer behavior, analysis to simulate the NYOP intermediate distributors and bargaining between a group of consumers buying and selling model.NYOP

17、middlemen to accept potential buyers choose to accept or reject after quotation. Bargain buying and selling model through price discrimination to show us how to use this NYOP business model set limits the price the retailer and get a better profit.Fay (2004) studied the NYOP business model of repeat

18、ed issue quotation. Enterprises single bid of Priceline it may cause repeated bidding procurement, paper studies the limit consumer the behavior is not conducive to the number of bid NYOP companys profits. Results show that the number of repeat for the impact on the profit is not unified, too high a

19、nd too low will repeat to NYOP bidding behavior and the impact on profits.3 Online travel enterprise business model analyses3.1 The summary of online travel related3.1.1 The meaning of online travelOnline tourism is refers to the use of the Internet technology route query reservation and travel prod

20、ucts, online services and other related tourism products, include sharing tourism process through the network or tourist experience, and the interactions between passengers. Specific include: tourism and the corresponding prepared; ongoing interaction and tourism after the sharing and review. In gen

21、eral, the online travel is the travel service industry and the combination of electronic commerce, with the online to serve tourism, and got a new forms of operation in the service industry, in a narrow sense, tourism electronic commerce, broadly speaking is the online travel industry chain.3.1.2 Th

22、e characteristics of online travelDepending on the technology of online travel refers to the network through online access and booking travel products, and can travel through the network to share or travel experience. Online travel and primarily due to the traditional tourism mode and refer to the d

23、ifference of information, not in addition to no other difference. Online travel service is a kind of means, through the Internet or mobile Internet to facilitate everybody. No matter traditional website is now online travel agency, is with the nature of the agents, provide passengers with scenic are

24、a as the center of the related tourism products experience, the ultimate goal of all of them is to get benefits, to maximize profit.Online travel cost is low; the travel agency for the launch of advertising is increased, but the return on investment is small. It can take advantage of the Internet, r

25、educing the costs of tourist information filtering. Through the vertical search engine, users can learn different price differences, price-sensitive online users will be able to buy relatively cheap travel products, as a result, passengers can travel through online channels to get product price, pri

26、ce advantage. Online travel to maximize the integration of the world in the fan of tourist information, diversified services to realized. Mobile network application is breakthrough space constraints, promoted the growth of online travel. The travel speed of network marketing, transmission range is w

27、ide, advertising effect is obvious. Tourism product differentiation, service content, the advantage of diversity and tourism users do not need to on-the-spot investigation, can through online access to other tourists travel information sharing. Network interactive advantage user confidence is in the

28、 tourism product, the tourism become a group of potential customers.3.2 The online travel business model and its operationOnline travel market size, and has huge potential, online travel companies in competition, many different kinds of business models, and to diversify its business model include:Th

29、e agent service is business model. See this business model is more. The online travel companies act as the role of intermediate distributors, provide trading services for users and product suppliers, and draw a certain proportion in the trading commission. The business model of the lower trading rev

30、enues, but the income is stable.Single reservation mode, subdividing the individual content of tourism experience, have special only responsible for hotel reservation website, only responsible for car rental Booking website and only make a reservation for flight Booking website, etc., such as hotel

31、reservation services only Agora and Booking, etc., only provide Avis car rental service.Social media everything is business model. The model through the Internet for reviews of tour and travel guides, tourism information sharing, novel share gathered a large number of the target group of social inte

32、raction, produce traffic, at the same time use the display of the contents and advertisements in mass effect, its main source of profits is content display and ads. This new online is travel enterprise profit model with T on behalf of the enterprise.Users bid mode is namely the NYOP business model.

33、The business model pioneered in the United States, the main business hotel reservation, ticket booking, tankers, car rental and destination scenic area cooperation business, with the product quantity and relatively fixed price to get the corresponding goods, online travel service providers as interm

34、ediate distributors have pricing power, provide fuzzy information to consumers, the asymmetric information of earn commodity price bidding behavior. Income is higher; the model of single deal main profit source is the product of the difference.E-commerce development model is online tourism Commodity

35、 Exchange acceleration, goods online mall. Due to the traditional tourism holds the proportion of the resources, the advantage of electric business model makes the traditional travel agencies to consider online services, using the offline products online sales network, both online and offline sales

36、channels. Tourism market in the future, there will be no difference between traditional tourism and online travel sites, online travel companies to offline channels, and traditional tourism enterprises start to online service channel, tourism enterprises double channels of the online and offline two

37、-way integration of the business model inevitable trend. Related business model a relatively stable earnings, due to the power of the web, price difference is not obvious, profit space is small.4 ConclusionsOnline travel industry is the development trend of intelligent tourism and social services, s

38、o the development of online travel service business model to the intelligent and high quality of service development. Information to continue to strengthen, the advantages of using new technology to adapt to the needs of social development, meet peoples needs, intelligent is means. Tourism is a serv

39、ice industry experience, the ultimate purpose is to improve the service and customer satisfaction, information into a consumer experience, no matter how tourism landscape changes, to serve the community for the purpose. Future, information technology will further development, the development of the

40、online travel industry chain are built on the basis of the mobile network to develop, the online travel service from the user needs to have the necessary quality of service, moreover also requires attention to two-way integration of online and offline business.譯文電子商務(wù)環(huán)境下的在線旅游模式創(chuàng)新U Gretzel摘要在線旅游業(yè)作為旅游業(yè)

41、與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的結(jié)合,有著與傳統(tǒng)旅游業(yè)不同的特點(diǎn)。在此過程中,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)始終扮演著舉足輕重的角色。隨著社會的進(jìn)步,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)商務(wù)完美融合在一起，催生了一種全新的經(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài),即電子商務(wù)。電子商務(wù)一出現(xiàn)就以驚人的速度滲透到社會的各行各業(yè),給各行各業(yè)帶了顛覆性的、全新的變化?，F(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加快,使得在線旅游服務(wù)和在線旅游服務(wù)商業(yè)模式也有著不同的特點(diǎn)和特征。關(guān)鍵詞：電子商務(wù)，在線旅游，商業(yè)模式1引言與以往的任何一次科技革命相比,以計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣泛應(yīng)用為標(biāo)志的現(xiàn)代科技革命對社會的影響無論是在深度上還是廣度上都是史無前例的,它在把人類帶入了信息時(shí)代的同時(shí)也締造了一個(gè)全新的產(chǎn)業(yè)信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)。電子商務(wù)一經(jīng)出現(xiàn)就顯示了極

42、強(qiáng)的生命力和影響力,它對整個(gè)社會的影響無論是在廣度還是在深度上都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了之前的任何一次科技成就。一方面,它迫使企業(yè)將視線轉(zhuǎn)移到傳統(tǒng)的商戰(zhàn)限制性因素之外,跨越現(xiàn)有的競爭界限去開創(chuàng)全新的市場。另一方面,它也為企業(yè)商業(yè)模式的調(diào)整創(chuàng)造了條件。企業(yè)的商業(yè)模式,其本質(zhì)是設(shè)計(jì)商業(yè)模式并實(shí)施商業(yè)模式的系統(tǒng)性框架和工具。因此,在這個(gè)以差異化、個(gè)性化為主流的需求市場環(huán)境下,企業(yè)能否開創(chuàng)、實(shí)踐其戰(zhàn)略實(shí)質(zhì)上是指企業(yè)的商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新是否有效。旅游業(yè)的最大的特點(diǎn)就是客戶需求彈性大、對外界環(huán)境敏感。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的深入應(yīng)用以及電子商務(wù)的滲透必定會對整個(gè)行業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。因此,企業(yè)能否以全新的視角把商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新作為出發(fā)點(diǎn)是企

43、業(yè)能否獲得資源、提升能力并進(jìn)一步取得戰(zhàn)略競爭優(yōu)勢的關(guān)鍵所在。2文獻(xiàn)綜述在線旅行服務(wù)的興起與發(fā)展,從根木上改變了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展曲線與旅游企業(yè)的操作方式及業(yè)務(wù)流程,影響較多,主要集中十在線旅行服務(wù)的經(jīng)營情況、相關(guān)利益群體的關(guān)系、商業(yè)模式、銷售柒道、成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)及未來的發(fā)展趨勢。Fesenraaier (2008)分析了經(jīng)營情況和商業(yè)模式。認(rèn)為運(yùn)營模式有三類:一般旅游信息服務(wù)網(wǎng)站、在線旅游預(yù)訂服務(wù)代理商、旅游服務(wù)和旅游商品的直接供應(yīng)商。分析了美國旅游網(wǎng)站的運(yùn)作方式,美國旅游網(wǎng)站多是以品牌合作、降價(jià)優(yōu)惠、網(wǎng)絡(luò)營銷廣告、服務(wù)傭金等措施提升利潤。Sigak等(2007)探討了社會化網(wǎng)絡(luò)新技術(shù)web 2.0的使用

44、和管理,web 2.0與在線旅游結(jié)合是一種新的創(chuàng)新,將開辟全新的在線旅游商業(yè)模式,web 2.0的使用和管理會對企業(yè)決策產(chǎn)生影響。Reuver等(2008)研究了在線旅游網(wǎng)站在線域名的重要性,在線域名影響消費(fèi)者對其旅游網(wǎng)站在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的關(guān)注程度,分析搜索引擎的重要性及旅游搜索引擎對在線旅游的影響。Olson（2010）通過對旅游網(wǎng)站,旅游網(wǎng)站用戶和旅游網(wǎng)站服務(wù)供應(yīng)商三個(gè)方面的調(diào)查,揭示了多數(shù)旅游網(wǎng)站供應(yīng)商是區(qū)域性的旅游目的地組織,提供全面的當(dāng)?shù)芈糜涡畔⒑驮诰€服務(wù)。分析了用戶的滿意程度,討論實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)上旅游服務(wù)的障礙主要在于技術(shù)和財(cái)務(wù),上網(wǎng)速度慢且費(fèi)用高,并提出可能的方法來提升在線旅游的服務(wù)質(zhì)量。Te

45、rwiech（2005 )研究了 NYOP的消費(fèi)者行為,分析模擬了 NYOP中間銷售商和一組消費(fèi)者之間討價(jià)還價(jià)的買賣模型。NYOP中間商接受潛在買家的報(bào)價(jià)后選擇接受或拒絕。討價(jià)還價(jià)的買賣模型通過價(jià)格歧視向我們展示如何利用這種NYOP商業(yè)模式設(shè)定限制價(jià)格并獲得較優(yōu)的零售商利潤。Fay (2004)研究了 NYOP商業(yè)模式的重復(fù)報(bào)價(jià)問題。Priceline企業(yè)的單次出價(jià)的限制可能會導(dǎo)致部分重復(fù)的招標(biāo)采購,論文研究了限制消費(fèi)者出價(jià)次數(shù)的行為是否不利于NYOP公司的利潤獲取。結(jié)果表明重復(fù)競價(jià)的次數(shù)對利潤的影響并不統(tǒng)一,過高和過低的競價(jià)都會致NYOP的重復(fù)競價(jià)行為,并對利潤產(chǎn)生影響。3在線旅游企業(yè)商業(yè)模式分析在線旅游是指利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行旅游路線查詢和旅游產(chǎn)品預(yù)定,及其他相關(guān)旅游產(chǎn)品的在線服務(wù),還包括通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)分享旅游過程或旅游經(jīng)驗(yàn)、旅客間的互動(dòng)等。具體包括：旅游及相應(yīng)的行前準(zhǔn)備；旅游進(jìn)行中的互動(dòng)以及旅游結(jié)束后的分享和點(diǎn)評。綜合來講，在線旅游就是把旅游服務(wù)業(yè)與電子商務(wù)相結(jié)合,用“在線”來為“旅游”服務(wù),從而得到了一個(gè)新的服務(wù)業(yè)態(tài),狹義上講就是旅游電子商務(wù),廣義上來講就是在線旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈。在線旅游是指以網(wǎng)