北京市18洞高爾夫球場建造施工組織方案

1、a chance to make a trip into space with my friend li yanping, an astronomer. we visited the moon in our spaceship!before we leave, li yanping explained to me that the forece of the gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful. then we were off.

2、 as the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity. it was so hard that we could not say anything to each other. gradually the weight lessened and i was able to talk to him. “ why is the spaceship not falling back to t

3、he earth? on the earth if i fall from a tree i will fall to ground.” i asked. “ we are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, “ he explained, “ so we feel as if there is no gravity at all. when we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull

4、 as the earths. “ i cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.when we got there, i wanted to explore immediately. “ come on,” i said. “ if you are right, my mass will be less than on the earth because the moon

5、is smaller and i will be able to move more freely. i might even grow taller if i stay here long enough. i shall certainly weigh less!” i laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship. but when i tried to step forward, i found i was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. “ oh dea

6、r,” i cried, “ walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” after a while i got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.leaving the moons gravity was not as painful as leaving the earths. but returning to the earth was very frightening. we watched, amazed as fire broke o

7、ut on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. again we were pushed back hard into our seats as we came back to land. “ that was very exhausting but very exciting too,” i said. “now i know much more about gravity! do you think we could bisit some stars next time?” “of course,” h

8、e smiled, “ which star would you like to go to?”caught by a black holethe spaceship warned li yanping and me to be ready as we were approaching the “black hole”. we could see some faint lights around what looked like an empty space. li yanping said, “ that empty hole is like a mouth always needing t

9、o be fed. those lights are thins that are being pulled into time by the gravity of the hole.” we watched with interest and amazement at the lights which seemed to be going fainter and fainter round the edge of the black hole. just then the lights on our spaceship went our the and the computer stoppe

10、d working. what was happening? i tried to turn the spaceship away from the hole but it would not move. would it eat us too?suddenly the spaceship jumped and began to move round the edge of trhe hole too. the gravity of the “black hole” was pulling us into its “mouth”. as the spaceship moved round th

11、e black hole, i felt rather sick. my mouth went dry and i closed my eyes. all the stories about what happened when you were caught by the gravity of a “black hole” seem to be true.but then the spaceship jumped again. this time it moved sideways and away from this edge of the “black hole”. someone wa

12、tching me would have seen the spaceship flying like a bird away from the “black hole”. but we felt nothing. at last we were able to look around us. luckily the computer had started working again. we realized that we had discovered something new about “black hole”. if you go inside the edge of a “bla

13、ck hole”, it will “eat” you and there is no escape; but if you do not, you may have an opportunity to escape. how exciting!unit 5a trip on “ the true north”li daiyu and her cousin liu qian were on a trip to canada to bisit their cousins in montreal on the atlantic coast. rather than take the aeropla

14、ne all the way, they decided to fly to vancouver and then take the train west to east across canada. the though that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.their friend, danny lin, was waiting at the airport. he was going to take them and their baggage to catch “the true north”, the cross

15、 canada train. on the way to the statiion, he chatted about their trip. “youre going to see some great scenery. going eastward, youll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. some people have the idea that you can cross canda in less than fice days,

16、 but they forget the fact that canada is 5500 kilometers from coast to coast. here in vancouver, youre in canadas warmest part. people say it is canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean. skiing in the rocky mountains and sailing in the harbour make vancouver one of

17、canadas most popular cities to live in. its population is increasing rapidly. the coast north of vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. it is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.”that afternoon aboard the train, the cousins

18、 settled down in their seats. earlier that day, when they crossed the rocky mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. their next stop was calgary, which is famous for the calgary stampede. cowboys from all over the world come to compete in th

19、e stampede. many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.after two days travel, the girls began to realize that canada is quite empty. at school, they had learned that most canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the usa border, and canadas pop

20、ulation is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country. they went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres. afrer dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of thunder bay at the top of the great lake

21、s. because of the great lakes, they learned, canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. in fact, it has one-third of the worlds total fresh water, and much of it is in the great lakes.that night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of lake superior, through the great

22、forests and southward towads toronto.“the true north” from toronto to montrealthe next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their window were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in canada.around noon they arrived in toronto, the biggest and

23、 most wealthy city in canada. they were not leaving for montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. they went up the tall cn tower and looked across the lake. in the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great niagara falls, which is on the south side of the lake.

24、 the water flows into the niagara river and over the falls on its way to the sea.they saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams. as they walked north from the harbour area, li daiyu said, “l(fā)in fang, one of my mothers old schoolmates, lives here. i should phone her from a telep

25、hone booth.”they met lin fei around dusk in downtown chinatown, one of the three in toronto. over dinner at a restaurant called the pink pearl, the cousins chatted with lin fei, who had moved to canada many years earlier. “we can get good cantonese food here,” lin feitold them, “ because most of the

26、 chinese people here come from south china, especially hong kong. its too bad you cant go as far as ottawa, canadas capital. its approximately four hundred kilometers northeast of toronto, so it would take too long.”the train left late that night and arrived in montreal at dawn the next morning. at

27、the station, people everywhere were speaking french. there were sighs and ads in french, but some of them had english words in smaller letters. “we dont leave until this evening,” said liu qian. “l(fā)ets go downtown. old montreal is close to the water.” they spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visi

28、ting artists in their workplaces beside the water. as they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad st lawrence river, a young man sat down with them.“hello, my name is henri. im a student at the university nearby,” he said,” and i was wondering where you are from.” the girls told him they

29、were on a trp across canada and that they had only on day in montreal. “thats too bad,” he said. “montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs. most of us speak both english and french, but the city has french culture and traditions. we love good coffee, good bread and good music.”that ni

30、ght as the transfer was speeding along北京市18洞高爾夫球場建造施工組織方案-施工進(jìn)度計(jì)劃一、具體工期保證實(shí)施措施根據(jù)本工程的實(shí)際情況和業(yè)主的工期要求，本司將本球場分為前九洞、后九洞二個主要施工區(qū)域，其中球道施工區(qū)再進(jìn)一步按單條球道劃分為若干個作業(yè)區(qū)，按先東后西、先易后難的總體方針，平行施工，交叉作業(yè)，統(tǒng)籌安排，盡早完成清場、土方等關(guān)鍵工序，爭取提前植草，保證按時、優(yōu)質(zhì)的完成高爾夫球場建設(shè)，為達(dá)成這個目標(biāo)，本司準(zhǔn)備采取以下措施：1、根據(jù)工地實(shí)際情況制定出詳細(xì)的、切實(shí)可行的施工總進(jìn)度計(jì)劃，再提據(jù)總進(jìn)度計(jì)劃進(jìn)一步制定單球道的施工進(jìn)度計(jì)劃，確定每道工序的竣工日期

31、，以天為單位，以便項(xiàng)目部隨時檢查進(jìn)度，并及時做出調(diào)整。2、進(jìn)行時間參數(shù)的計(jì)算，在工序繁多、錯綜復(fù)雜的計(jì)劃中找出影響施工進(jìn)度的關(guān)鍵工序，集中力量抓主要矛盾，避免盲目搶工。3、合約履行后即安排先行人員到工地做準(zhǔn)備工作，組織精干有效的管理機(jī)構(gòu)。安排足夠的施工設(shè)備進(jìn)場并投入生產(chǎn)。4、全力強(qiáng)化人、財(cái)、機(jī)、物的有效供給，為本工程創(chuàng)造良好的運(yùn)作環(huán)境。提前做好資金、材料、機(jī)械和勞力的需用量計(jì)劃，根據(jù)材料、構(gòu)配件、設(shè)備等計(jì)劃，與業(yè)主及時溝通，確保按期供應(yīng)。5、根據(jù)進(jìn)度總計(jì)劃每月每周定期檢查，并及時做出控制調(diào)整進(jìn)度均衡措施。在保證總工期的前提下，實(shí)行進(jìn)度跟蹤，可以作到日日能調(diào)整、周周不欠帳。6、合理安排項(xiàng)目施工時

32、間和進(jìn)度，為流水作業(yè)創(chuàng)造良好條件。對工期影響大的主要項(xiàng)目先行施工，提前逐條完成交付草坪工序。7、要考慮季節(jié)性影響，在施工過程中所有進(jìn)行挖掘的區(qū)域應(yīng)保證良好的排水情況，作好防暴雨等災(zāi)害天氣的防護(hù)工作，以減少施工停歇和施工附加費(fèi)用。二、主要施工項(xiàng)目工期保證具體措施與實(shí)施計(jì)劃1、場地清理根據(jù)本司在本球場實(shí)地勘查及球場施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)，配合甲方做好苗木移植工作，按計(jì)劃工期清理完畢每條球道，并盡快投入下道工序。2、土方調(diào)運(yùn)根據(jù)土方調(diào)運(yùn)圖計(jì)算得外進(jìn)客土為主要土源，客土單位將按球場設(shè)計(jì)圖在本司安排下運(yùn)輸至球道及建筑區(qū)，由本司安排土方工程師進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場指揮管理。3、造型工程組織富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的造型隊(duì)伍進(jìn)行本球場造型施工是保證造

33、型工程進(jìn)度的關(guān)鍵。從北京眾多高爾夫球場的建設(shè)情況來看，國內(nèi)優(yōu)秀造型師是完全可以勝任球場造型的。本司聘用的造型師能掌握本地的造型特點(diǎn)和方法?？珊芎玫睦斫庠O(shè)計(jì)師的設(shè)計(jì)意圖，并把它反映在造型上。這樣就減少了造型的反復(fù)，加快了工程進(jìn)度。由于采用交叉作業(yè)，一條普通的球道從土方到位后開始粗造型到排水、噴灌、細(xì)造型全部完成并開始進(jìn)入草坪工序可控制在45天左右。4、排水工程排水工程由甲方安排施工隊(duì)伍進(jìn)行施工，我司提供技術(shù)支持。5、噴灌工程噴灌工程的進(jìn)口材料較多，訂貨和安裝調(diào)試工作時間比較長，一開工就與廠家訂貨，爭取早日到貨。安裝管道工作在排水工作進(jìn)行4-6天就能開始，平均9天內(nèi)完成一條球道的管道安裝。另噴頭、

34、電控系統(tǒng)的安裝工作為交叉作業(yè)不影響后續(xù)工作可根據(jù)進(jìn)度要求盡早安排施工。因要求植草時間比較緊，在球場植草前噴灌系統(tǒng)必需投入使用澆灌草坪，以保證草坪質(zhì)量。7、果嶺、沙坑、發(fā)球臺制作我司已安排一批有過多年球場施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)且訓(xùn)練有素的球場技工進(jìn)行g(shù)bt作業(yè)施工，并已總結(jié)了一套比較完整的usga果嶺和沙坑、發(fā)球臺的施工方法，能夠非常專業(yè)化、程序化的進(jìn)行施工。果嶺、沙坑、發(fā)球臺的基礎(chǔ)做好后，再用澆水和小型手扶壓路機(jī)沉實(shí)基底，使之達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。由于果嶺、沙坑、發(fā)球臺是穿插在造型和坪床工作之間進(jìn)行的，可根據(jù)施工進(jìn)度合理安排施工，以期獲得最佳效果。8、土壤改良土壤改良工作及早開展準(zhǔn)備工作，主要是砂、有機(jī)肥料等，砂的

35、準(zhǔn)備工作是指挑選出合適的、符合設(shè)計(jì)要求的砂運(yùn)到指定地點(diǎn)堆放備用。提前與供貨商聯(lián)系泥炭、蚯蚓肥、膨化雞糞等有機(jī)肥料，根據(jù)工程進(jìn)展提早運(yùn)到工地現(xiàn)場。施工中盡可能使用挖掘機(jī)、自卸車、裝載機(jī)、拖拉機(jī)等機(jī)械，以提高工效。9、草坪建植為保證草坪能按要求成坪，必須保證草坪有充分的生長時間，按北京的氣候條件，管理好的草坪可在三個月成坪達(dá)到球場要求。10、土建工程主要分部分項(xiàng)工程（球車路、人工湖等）配合甲方施工，實(shí)行與總體工程項(xiàng)目穿插安排、流水均衡施工，以求勞力、物力的均衡使用?？傊?高爾夫球場標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高，時間緊，施工難度大，本司已作出針對性的、嚴(yán)格的組織管理計(jì)劃與施工方案，憑著本司強(qiáng)大的機(jī)械力量、高爾夫理念、技

36、術(shù)優(yōu)勢、球場的施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)及本司的團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作精神，在業(yè)主的支持配合下，一定有辦法有能力克服施工中的種種困難，將本球場保質(zhì)、保量、按期建成國際一流高爾夫球場，有信心再造高爾夫輝煌！北京市18洞高爾夫球場建造施工組織方案-施工保證措施（一）施工組織機(jī)構(gòu)及其人員配置鑒于球場施工的諸多特點(diǎn)，本司決定成立本球場高爾夫球場工程指揮部，實(shí)行項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理管理模式，機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置如下：項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理測造排草機(jī)材辦財(cái)量型灌坪械料公務(wù)部部部部部部室部(二)說 明：1、項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理：主要負(fù)責(zé)整個球場工程指揮工作，根據(jù)經(jīng)甲方審定的施工組織與技術(shù)方案中相關(guān)的技術(shù)規(guī)范及質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織施工。及時解決施工中的問題，保證施工質(zhì)量。根據(jù)工程實(shí)際情況，合理安排

37、進(jìn)度及工期，統(tǒng)籌施工中人、財(cái)、物、設(shè)備的使用。負(fù)責(zé)組織施工質(zhì)量檢查，協(xié)調(diào)與業(yè)主有關(guān)問題。保持與球場設(shè)計(jì)師技術(shù)接觸和意圖理解，負(fù)責(zé)工程現(xiàn)場的施工技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，監(jiān)督現(xiàn)場所使用材料的質(zhì)量和工程施工質(zhì)量。協(xié)調(diào)各專業(yè)工程組具體施工的實(shí)施。1）測量部a.全站組：負(fù)責(zé)整體球道施工過程中各個階段的定位測量、控制測量、單項(xiàng)工程測量和竣工測量工作。b.細(xì)作組：負(fù)責(zé)果嶺、沙坑、發(fā)球臺細(xì)部造型、制作，給排水等項(xiàng)目的工程測量。c.土方組：負(fù)責(zé)球道土方的調(diào)運(yùn)及人工湖開挖、邊坡處理工作；2）造型部a.粗型組：負(fù)責(zé)球道、發(fā)球臺、果嶺、沙坑粗造型工作；b.細(xì)型組：負(fù)責(zé)球道、發(fā)球臺、果嶺、沙坑細(xì)造型工作；3）機(jī)械部a.設(shè)備組：負(fù)責(zé)各

38、種機(jī)械設(shè)備和車輛的后勤；b.維修組：負(fù)責(zé)施工所用機(jī)械與設(shè)備的維修、保養(yǎng)工作。4）排灌部a.噴灌組：負(fù)責(zé)噴灌系統(tǒng)的安裝、調(diào)試工作；燈光工程的安裝調(diào)試工作；b.排水組：負(fù)責(zé)球場排洪、排水（地表和地下）系統(tǒng)的施工和安裝工作；人工湖防滲工程；5）草坪部a.坪床組：負(fù)責(zé)果嶺、沙坑、發(fā)球臺的制作和坪床等工作；b.植草組：負(fù)責(zé)土壤改良、育苗場、草坪種植、養(yǎng)護(hù)管理等工作。6）材料部a.采購組:負(fù)責(zé)工程材料的采購、運(yùn)輸?shù)裙ぷ?。b.保管組：負(fù)責(zé)工程材料的管理和供應(yīng)。7）辦公室a.后勤組：負(fù)責(zé)項(xiàng)目部人事、后勤、生活等事務(wù)性工作；b.保衛(wèi)組：負(fù)責(zé)項(xiàng)目部安全生產(chǎn)檢查和工地安全工作。8）財(cái)務(wù)部負(fù)責(zé)項(xiàng)目部財(cái)務(wù)管理和統(tǒng)計(jì)工作

39、。（二）計(jì)劃在本項(xiàng)目工程中投入的技術(shù)和管理人員介紹1部分主要施工管理人員（見表）名稱姓名職務(wù)職稱主要資歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)及承擔(dān)過的項(xiàng)目一、總部公司主管副總經(jīng)理工程師二、工地現(xiàn)場項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理工程師草坪部經(jīng)理工程師測量部工程師機(jī)械部材料部辦公室財(cái)務(wù)部造型師造型師造型師（三）技術(shù)及管理人員配置和勞動力進(jìn)出場計(jì)劃： 管理和技術(shù)人員匯總表職稱主要工作高級工程師工程師助理工程師技術(shù)員專業(yè)類別形式要求副總經(jīng)理1項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理駐場1土方工程師駐場111測量工程師駐場112草坪工程師駐場122排水工程師駐場1噴灌工程師駐場112造型工程師駐場222機(jī)械工程師駐場143投入本工程技術(shù)工人情況匯總表（不包括普工）分項(xiàng)工程數(shù)量技

40、工等級初級中級高級測量321土方422造形5122gbt6222噴灌7151自控422草坪8323機(jī)修211小計(jì)3971814注：gbt代表果嶺(green)、沙坑(bunker)、發(fā)球臺(tee)；普工根據(jù)具體施工情況在當(dāng)?shù)仄赣谩Ｊ┕ぷ鳂I(yè)量大的時期，從外地調(diào)入臨時勞動力參加工程建設(shè)。二、機(jī)械設(shè)備配套投入本工程的主要施工機(jī)械表用 途序號設(shè)備名稱規(guī)格型號數(shù)量產(chǎn) 地備注類 別造型類1造型機(jī)d6g1進(jìn)口2造型機(jī)d311進(jìn)口3造型機(jī)d851國產(chǎn)坪床類10耙沙機(jī)1進(jìn)口業(yè)主供11刮板機(jī)1進(jìn)口12裝載車2國產(chǎn)13小型自卸車場內(nèi)運(yùn)輸15國產(chǎn)草坪類14剪草機(jī)1批進(jìn)口業(yè)主供15施肥機(jī)斗式2進(jìn)口業(yè)主供16起草坪機(jī)m

41、td1國產(chǎn)業(yè)主供17覆沙機(jī)2進(jìn)口業(yè)主供18打藥機(jī)2進(jìn)口業(yè)主供19疏草機(jī)2進(jìn)口業(yè)主供20拖拉機(jī)2進(jìn)口管理類21吉普車1國產(chǎn)測量類23全站儀nts3321國產(chǎn)24水準(zhǔn)儀1國產(chǎn)備：土方類機(jī)械根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實(shí)際情況可當(dāng)?shù)刈庥茫约訌?qiáng)設(shè)備力量，滿足工期需要。根據(jù)施工需要，專用機(jī)械可隨時增配。三、安全生產(chǎn)措施施工生產(chǎn)樹立“生產(chǎn)必須安全、安全為了生產(chǎn)”的意識，安全包括人身安全、財(cái)產(chǎn)安全、施工成品安全，所以作為承包商，必須制定嚴(yán)密的安全生產(chǎn)措施，以保證其生命財(cái)產(chǎn)不受損失或盡量少受損失。（一）施工安全的組織措施：安全是公司始終如一的強(qiáng)制制度。我司強(qiáng)調(diào)安全管理如下：1、項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理：在組織管理中進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)“安全第一，預(yù)防為

42、主”，“沒有安全，就沒有效益”的思想，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理主抓安全制度的執(zhí)行和落實(shí)。項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理必須遵照建設(shè)工程施工現(xiàn)場管理規(guī)定和關(guān)于在施工企業(yè)中進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)施工現(xiàn)場管理的通知組織施工。2、項(xiàng)目副經(jīng)理：嚴(yán)格按本司施工組織和技術(shù)措施的安全施工規(guī)章開展施工；嚴(yán)格貫徹建筑安裝工程安全技術(shù)規(guī)程、建筑安裝工人操作規(guī)程、建設(shè)工程施工現(xiàn)場管理規(guī)定和關(guān)于在施工企業(yè)中進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)施工現(xiàn)場管理的通知規(guī)定；根據(jù)本項(xiàng)目部具體實(shí)際工作情況，協(xié)助項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理制定補(bǔ)充安全制度；主抓現(xiàn)場施工總體安全。做好冬、夏季生活安全工作的落實(shí)與檢查。3、技術(shù)工程師崗位及施工班（組）：技術(shù)工程師崗位及施工（班）組負(fù)責(zé)人（包括工人隊(duì)長和庫、材、維修、司機(jī)、炊等人員

43、）都是兼職安全員，本著“誰管生產(chǎn)，誰管安全”的原則，直接負(fù)責(zé)著第一線施工、生活安全的責(zé)任。4、進(jìn)行安全生產(chǎn)、生活教育：根據(jù)施工的不利特點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)格教育全體職工既要集中力量施工作業(yè)，也要集中精力確保職工自身人身安全和財(cái)產(chǎn)、設(shè)備的安全。（二）人身安全工地范圍較大，施工機(jī)具多是高爾夫球場施工的特點(diǎn)，在施工人員中要貫徹“以防為主，防微杜漸”的宗旨，制定人身安全保障措施，形成定期安全生產(chǎn)教育制度，由安檢組長隨時抽查安全制度落實(shí)情況。杜絕無組織的游泳和無證駕車事件發(fā)生。（三）財(cái)產(chǎn)安全財(cái)產(chǎn)安全包括承包商的施工機(jī)器具、臨時設(shè)施、施工成品等的安全，施工機(jī)器的安全首先應(yīng)制定嚴(yán)格的機(jī)器具使用制度，施工機(jī)器具的使用均指定

44、到人，責(zé)任到人，明確操作人的責(zé)任及義務(wù)。機(jī)器具應(yīng)形成定期的維護(hù)保養(yǎng)制度及保管制度，所有施工機(jī)器均應(yīng)投保，操作人員應(yīng)嚴(yán)格遵守機(jī)器安全操作規(guī)程，嚴(yán)禁違規(guī)操作，機(jī)械在行進(jìn)過程中應(yīng)特別注意樹有安全警示的區(qū)域，以防其對機(jī)器的危害。臨時設(shè)施是施工人員住宿、休息及施工材料存放的場所，所以臨設(shè)的安全直接關(guān)系到人身及財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。安檢小組應(yīng)定期檢查隱患，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并排除其可能造成的安全事故，防患于未然。成品保護(hù)直接關(guān)系到工程的按期竣工，也關(guān)系到施工成本，所以球場防排洪工程應(yīng)在施工前予以充分重視?？偟膩碚f，在做好安全工作的同時，應(yīng)進(jìn)行人身安全保險(xiǎn)和財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)，并就工程進(jìn)行自然災(zāi)害保險(xiǎn)，使工程風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低到最小程度。四、文明施

45、工措施（一）、對球場做出整體施工部署，劃分出生活區(qū)、材料堆放區(qū)、道路進(jìn)出口，以指導(dǎo)施工過程中的現(xiàn)場文明施工。（二）、人員入場、臨舍搭建整齊，污水排放有序，垃圾集中堆放，及時清理。（三）、材料堆入場應(yīng)堆放在指定位置，碼放整齊，沙石料歸方堆放，并注意防火、防盜。（四）、大型機(jī)械停放在指定區(qū)域，加油時盡量減少污染，機(jī)修人員及時對機(jī)械清潔、保養(yǎng)。（五）、組織好土方調(diào)運(yùn)路線，干燥季節(jié)施工，路面灑水，減少揚(yáng)塵；雨天，車輛出場，清理輪胎，以免對場外道路污染。（六）、有機(jī)肥料異味較大，入場后宜堆放下風(fēng)頭，并用塑料薄膜覆蓋，周邊用土壓嚴(yán)實(shí)。（七）、高爾夫球場中期施工時，管溝開挖較多，保證及時布管，及時回填，確保

46、道路暢通，美觀整潔。（八）、人工湖施工后，在醒目處標(biāo)“禁止游泳”并安排專人看守，以免意外事故發(fā)生。（九）、坪床處理過程中產(chǎn)生的雜物做到隨產(chǎn)生隨清理，在適當(dāng)位置深埋或運(yùn)出場外，做到土完場清。五、設(shè)計(jì)與施工服務(wù)準(zhǔn)則施工設(shè)計(jì)要做到“四精”：精心構(gòu)思、精確計(jì)算、精心設(shè)計(jì)、精致圖文。施工的指導(dǎo)思想要始終堅(jiān)持“兩關(guān)”、“三滿意”、“三老”“四嚴(yán)”、“四不準(zhǔn)”、“五要”，原則，即：“兩關(guān)”即確保工程質(zhì)量關(guān)，確保現(xiàn)場工程施工安全關(guān)；“三滿意”即乙方自己滿意、甲方滿意、各有關(guān)部門領(lǐng)導(dǎo)滿意；“三老”即做老實(shí)人、說老實(shí)話、辦老實(shí)事；“四嚴(yán)”即要嚴(yán)格按圖紙和技術(shù)規(guī)范要求施工、要嚴(yán)格工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、要嚴(yán)格規(guī)范施工操作程序、要

47、嚴(yán)格工程質(zhì)量；“四不準(zhǔn)”即不準(zhǔn)違章施工、不準(zhǔn)偷工減料、不準(zhǔn)使用未經(jīng)甲方認(rèn)可的材料、不準(zhǔn)隨意降低工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；“五要”即要精心組織施工、要高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)要求、要盡心盡責(zé)科學(xué)管理、要低耗、安全文明、要高質(zhì)量和優(yōu)質(zhì)工程。六、施工階段質(zhì)量控制措施程1、在施工方案實(shí)施中進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)“百年大計(jì)、質(zhì)量為本” “質(zhì)量是企業(yè)生存的根本”的思想，堅(jiān)決樹立認(rèn)真、仔細(xì)的工作態(tài)度，杜絕違規(guī)施工的不良作風(fēng)。2、本球場施工和質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按國際高爾夫協(xié)會及球場技術(shù)建造規(guī)范施工。嚴(yán)格按照高爾夫球場施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范及檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。對各分部分項(xiàng)工程按照有關(guān)技術(shù)規(guī)范，嚴(yán)要求、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地進(jìn)行施工。主要分部分項(xiàng)工程均建立明確、具體的質(zhì)量管理目標(biāo)，保證本工程和各檢

48、查項(xiàng)目全部達(dá)到國際高爾夫球場標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。3、本球場施工質(zhì)量的監(jiān)督，由公司總部直接領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人現(xiàn)場實(shí)施，負(fù)責(zé)對各單項(xiàng)施工質(zhì)量監(jiān)督及檢查工作。4、加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)場統(tǒng)一指揮調(diào)度，協(xié)調(diào)好各專業(yè)、各工種之間關(guān)系，根據(jù)機(jī)具的特點(diǎn)，正確掌握使用方法。定期召開工作會議，研討工作中存生的問題來確定改決的方法。領(lǐng)會設(shè)計(jì)意圖，深入完成細(xì)部施工圖，使施工人員和操作員明確正確的施工方法和質(zhì)量要求，做到心中有數(shù)。5、因球場施工沒有系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，修改較多，在施工中必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行工程管理制度，并及時作出有關(guān)變更后的方案調(diào)整和計(jì)劃修訂工作，做好人力、物力和各種機(jī)具設(shè)備的調(diào)配工作，以確保工作能順利進(jìn)行。6、盡量采用新材料、新工藝、新機(jī)具，科學(xué)的

49、組織施工，努力提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、機(jī)械化和工廠化施工水平，以做到提高工效、降低成本。7、測量工作保證測量控制網(wǎng)點(diǎn)的穩(wěn)定、正確，確保施工定位放線，標(biāo)高測量準(zhǔn)確無誤，并要經(jīng)常檢查土方、造型工程的到位情況和給排水管道溝的清理工作。8、建立和完善班組內(nèi)部的自檢互檢制度，做到工程質(zhì)量在班組內(nèi)有控制、有檢查、有保證。在各部門自檢、互檢、交接檢的基礎(chǔ)上，由技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人專門分層、分段驗(yàn)收工程質(zhì)量，并做好隱蔽工程記錄。9、做好成品保護(hù)工作，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時返修，總結(jié)教訓(xùn)防止再發(fā)生。10、進(jìn)貨渠道嚴(yán)格把關(guān)，保證材料質(zhì)量達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。11、經(jīng)常加強(qiáng)員工培訓(xùn)，認(rèn)真做好技術(shù)交底，并建立員工的質(zhì)量獎罰制度。12、搞好情報(bào)工作，達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確

50、、及時、全面、系統(tǒng)地掌握當(dāng)?shù)睾Ｑ?、氣象、水文等信息資料。北京市18洞高爾夫球場建造施工組織方案- 施工主要工序與技術(shù)方案一、 主要工序流程高爾夫球場主要施工工序流程圖：二、平面施工程序計(jì)劃（一）、工區(qū)劃分1、18洞工區(qū)劃分前九洞和后九洞兩個大區(qū)，本著先東后西，先易后難的方針進(jìn)行施工，先進(jìn)行東南角的16、15、6、7、8球道施工，逐漸向西北方向推進(jìn)，并形成流水作業(yè)，以保證能按期按質(zhì)完成任務(wù)。（二）、施工順序計(jì)劃1、 工序計(jì)劃通用工序計(jì)劃：測量清場土方調(diào)運(yùn)粗造型細(xì)造型、人工湖防滲處理排水工程、果嶺沙坑發(fā)球臺建造、噴灌工程、球車道工程、園林景觀工程坪床工程植草工程養(yǎng)護(hù)工程三、單項(xiàng)工程技術(shù)方案第一節(jié)

51、測量工程一、球場工程測量的特點(diǎn)1、由于球場的平面、立面造型復(fù)雜多變，故要求測量放線方法能因地、因時制宜，靈活適應(yīng)，并需配備功能相適應(yīng)的專用儀器。本球場選用 nts-332全站儀和ds3級自動安平水準(zhǔn)儀。2、由于球場工程量大，多為分區(qū)施工，且面積大、工期緊，為保證工程的整體性和各局部施工的精度要求，在開工前要測設(shè)足夠精度的場地平面和高程控制網(wǎng)，并采取妥善措施，使主要控制網(wǎng)點(diǎn)在整個施工期間能準(zhǔn)確、牢固地保留至工程竣工，并移交給建設(shè)單位繼續(xù)使用，這項(xiàng)工作是保證整個施工測量順利進(jìn)行的基礎(chǔ)。3、由于采取交叉作業(yè)，施工項(xiàng)目多，為保證工序間的相互配合、銜接，施工測量工作要與設(shè)計(jì)、施工等各方面密切配合。4、為

52、了確保工程質(zhì)量，防止因測量放線差錯造成損失，必須在整個施工的各個階段和各主要部位做好驗(yàn)線工作。二、主要施工工序：控制測量球道主控點(diǎn)定位測量球道施工放樣給排水施工放樣道路施工放樣球場細(xì)作工程施工測量竣工測量（造型圖、排水圖、噴灌圖）電腦cad制圖三、測量技術(shù)要求：1、本球場工程測量技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按1999年由建設(shè)部發(fā)布施行的城市測量規(guī)范（編號cjj 8-99）及工程測量規(guī)范（gb50026-93）執(zhí)行。2、控制測量：球場首級平面控制為一級光電測距閉合導(dǎo)線，依據(jù)國家控制點(diǎn)用set5f2全站儀向場內(nèi)引進(jìn)建立多邊形格網(wǎng)，中間再測設(shè)圖根導(dǎo)線點(diǎn)進(jìn)行加密控制。一級導(dǎo)線平均邊長應(yīng)控制在300m，首級平面控制點(diǎn)采用永

53、久埋石。按規(guī)范要求一級光電測距閉合導(dǎo)線測量精度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為測距中誤差15mm；測角中誤差5”；導(dǎo)線全長相對閉合差1/14000。球場首級高程控制依據(jù)國家四等水準(zhǔn)測量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用ds3級自動安平水準(zhǔn)儀引進(jìn)并建立水準(zhǔn)高程控制網(wǎng)，按規(guī)范要求國家四等水準(zhǔn)測量測量精度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為閉合差20mm/1000m。3、定位測量：球道主控點(diǎn)的定位，包括發(fā)球臺、果嶺中心點(diǎn)、球道轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn)測量、建筑物等測量，所有點(diǎn)位用全站儀測量定出并打樁。定位測量的精度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)位置中誤差5cm，高程中誤差3cm。4、施工放樣：主要包括土方調(diào)運(yùn)位置、高差測量，粗細(xì)造型位置、高差控制測量，給排水管線放樣，球車路放樣和植草范圍放樣等，貫穿于整個施工的始終。因球場施工

54、工序交錯，設(shè)計(jì)變更多，恢復(fù)測量工作量大，是球場建造過程中測量作業(yè)量的主體。地物點(diǎn)測量的精度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為實(shí)地放樁位相對于鄰近測站點(diǎn)的點(diǎn)位中誤差圖上0.5mm，高程中誤差為1/5等高距。5、竣工測量：包括球場造型平面圖、球場排水管網(wǎng)圖、球場噴灌布置圖，測量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按規(guī)范中有關(guān)測圖條款執(zhí)行，圖紙為電腦cad出圖，格式為cad2000或cad2004。6、球場邊界紅線位置由業(yè)主提供。四、控制點(diǎn)的保護(hù)球場首級平面控制點(diǎn)應(yīng)選在土質(zhì)堅(jiān)實(shí)的地方或堅(jiān)固穩(wěn)定的建筑物頂面上，盡量為球場施工范圍以外、便于埋石和觀測、還能永久保存。在施工過程中采用立桿劃定保護(hù)區(qū)域的方式加以保護(hù)，防止工程機(jī)械從保護(hù)區(qū)域內(nèi)穿過，并定期進(jìn)行檢查球場首

55、級平面控制點(diǎn)，工程竣工后將控制點(diǎn)及成果移交給業(yè)主。第二節(jié)、場地清理一、施工方法1、按照球場清理圖紙所示由測量員放出清場范圍，由甲方負(fù)責(zé)場地清理。工作內(nèi)容包括樹木、灌木、民居、高壓線以及其他一切位于指定清理線以內(nèi)的有問題事物清理和挖掘作業(yè)。（包括建筑、民宅構(gòu)筑物拆除、電力、電訊構(gòu)筑物和墳?zāi)惯w移），清場范圍內(nèi)可利用的苗木移栽到保留區(qū)。2、在整個清理和挖掘作業(yè)中，維護(hù)初始的球場中心線和邊界的標(biāo)識設(shè)置。如果任何標(biāo)識被移動，應(yīng)對相應(yīng)地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重新勘測和重新設(shè)置標(biāo)識。應(yīng)使用最適宜項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃和項(xiàng)目規(guī)格所指定工作的設(shè)備進(jìn)行施工，同時避免對項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃規(guī)定應(yīng)保留的樹木和其他植被產(chǎn)生破壞或損失，應(yīng)注意避免影響指定清理界線

56、外的區(qū)域。第三節(jié) 土方挖填與粗造型施工的土方挖填與粗造型階段包括全部主要的挖土方、吹沙、填土方、球道的粗整形工作，具體內(nèi)容有：在果嶺、發(fā)球臺、沙坑等球場特征區(qū)挖填土方；特征區(qū)粗造型；球道和長草區(qū)挖填土方；球道和長草區(qū)造型；挖掘人工湖及景觀小溪。一、土方調(diào)運(yùn)工程（一）調(diào)運(yùn)要求1土方調(diào)運(yùn)應(yīng)按土方調(diào)運(yùn)設(shè)計(jì)圖進(jìn)行。（二）施工程序1.測量放線在分段施工區(qū)內(nèi)，根據(jù)球場等高線圖及土方平衡圖確定土方調(diào)運(yùn)工作量及填挖區(qū)標(biāo)高，并定樁放線。2.回填區(qū)施工原則上在球場填土方中不得使用腐殖土、特重或特濕土及其它包含過多有機(jī)物質(zhì)的材料。碎石表土、建筑渣土應(yīng)回填于普通區(qū)域表層0.5米以下，果嶺和發(fā)球臺區(qū)域表層1米以下?；靥顓^(qū)要求壓實(shí)密度為80%-85%。