B3 Unit2Great Minds

1、lesson one nature or nurture?task 1 brainstormingin 1874 francis galton, a british scientist, initiated the nature vs. nurture debate by posing the most profound question “what has made me who i am?”lesson one nature or nurture?task 1 brainstormingcan you answer this question? the following are thre

2、e pictures delivering some tips for you to figure out the answer. discuss with your peers and justify your answers. audio studio word bank1. inherently adv. 固有地7. circuitry n. 電路系統(tǒng)2. puppet n. 木偶8. surrounding adj. 周圍的3. figure n. 人物9. carry-over n. 影響4. motivation n. 動(dòng)機(jī)10. controversial adv. 引起爭論的5

3、. acquire v. 獲得11. assume v. 假定6. trigger v.引起12. rage v. (暴風(fēng)雨、戰(zhàn)斗、爭論等) 猛烈地繼續(xù)clip 1view the following pictures and answer the age-old question “are babies born good or evil?”what are your opinions about where morality comes from, nature or nurture? share them with your peerstask 1 note-taking listen

4、to the audio clip, and write down the detailed information relevant to the research mentioned in the audio. research elementsdetailed informationhow many studies are mentioned?1)_.who were studied?2)_.what were used as tests in the studies?3)_.how were they studied?after the tests, they were given t

5、he choice to 4)_. what is the result of the studies?they (who were studied) chose 5)_ over 6)_ but also chose 7)_ over the one 8)_.what is the conclusion made by the researchers?even 9)_ with no 10)_ can identify with motivations and are prone to like things that 11)_ rather than things that 12)_.tw

6、oinfant childrentwo puppet showsreach down for the puppet they likethe helperthe neutral characterthe neutral charactertrying to hinder the progressinfantslanguage abilitieshelp them achievehold them backtask 2 dictation listen to the audio clip again and write down detailed information about the fi

7、rst study in the research. you should pay special attention to verbs.they 1)_ a puppet show in which one puppet is trying to go uphill but keeps 2)_ back down. two more puppets 3)_. one that wants to help the first figure up the hill and another that is trying to 4)_ them back down. what the researc

8、hers 5)_ was that after the puppet show, when given the choice, the infants 6)_ down for the puppet that tries to help the other one push uphill rather than the other one who is trying to push them both back down. stagefallingappearpushfound reachclip 2view the following pictures and discuss the rol

9、es genes, environment and lifestyle play in your personal development.task 1 note-taking listen to the audio clip and fill in the blanks in the table according to what you have heard concerning different opinions on parents role in influencing children.opinions on parents role in influencing childre

10、n opinion 1apart from parents, one of the many aspects of the environment, there is also the 1)_.opinion 2some believe 2)_ happen outside the home.opinion 3 whatever is carried over from one world to another where children live is 3)_.opinion 4how well a child turns out is 4)_, not the parent. opini

11、on 5parents are encouraged to be either 5)_ or 6)_ or 7)_ in the face of challenges that they would assume were genetic.surrounding culturethe stronger social influencesgeneticup to the childpassivehopelesshelplesstask 2 dictation listen to the audio clip again and write down detailed information ab

12、out opinions on genes in relation to behaviors. you should pay special attention to verbs.we are all born with certain physical characteristics 1)_ by our genes, but does our dna 2)_ how we act? genes may very well determine how we 3)_ in given situations. researchers say they are learning now that

13、genes help 4)_ how we 5)_ our environment. there has to be some kind of an age circuitry in place that allows us to 6)_ culture and 7)_ culture and do the learning. but can environment 8)_ which genes are 9)_? what really 10)_ is which genes are turned on and which genes are turned off, and differen

14、t genes are turned on and off in different circumstances.determineddictate behavecontrolinterpretcreateacquireinfluence triggeredmattersvideo studioword bank1. elite n. 社會(huì)精英7. ratio n. 比率2. favor v. 較喜歡8. altitude n. 海拔3. typically adv. 通常9. freak n. （指人、動(dòng)植物和東西）畸形4. gymnastics n. 體操10. athletic adj.

15、 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的5. complex adj. 復(fù)雜的11. endowment n. 天賦6. physiological adj. 生理的12. stamina n. 耐力task 1 note-taking watch the video clip and write down detailed information about the physical characteristics of elite athletes.physicial characteristics of elite athletesin swimmingheightbetween 1)_ and 2)_ meter

16、sweightabout 3)_ kilogramsin gymnasticsthe ratio of 4)_ to 5)_ is critical.heightbetween 6)_ and 7)_weightbetween 8)_ or 9)_ poundsin 10,000 meters1.9290strengthbody weight56”57”120130task 2 idea boxwatch the video clip again and write down ideas about the question mentioned in the video: “how do el

17、ite athletes differ from the rest of us?” and you are also supposed to give your own opinions.most high-level athletes have something that 1)_.great athletes have some physical advantages but they are not freaks of nature. i would call them 2)_.apart from physical factors, there are also the 3)_. wh

18、en it comes to athletic excellence, both physical and mental conditions count. but most of the difference between champions and the rest of us comes from 4)_.distinguishes them from regular people and thus makes them elitesfreaks of nurturemental partthe excellent training they receivelesson two rel

19、ease your inner geniusaudio studio word bank1. mini strokes 短暫性缺血發(fā)作4. mediator n. 沉思者2. omega-3 fatty acids n. 脂肪酸5. frontal cortex 前腦皮層3. walnut n. 胡桃6. meditation n. 冥想clip 1view the following picture and discuss with your peers the influence of the five factors on brain health.task 1 note-takingl

20、isten to the audio clip, and fill in the following chart with the information concerning the simple lifestyle changes that will help keep our brains younger longer.simple lifestyle changesexercising three to five times a week increases blood flow to the brain which keeps 4)_.1)_.foods rich in omega-

21、3 fatty acids like fish and walnuts are 5)_.2)_.s i g n i f i c a n t s t r e s s c a u s e s 6)_.3)_.moderate amount of exerciseeating wellmanaging your stressworking smarter and reduces the risks of mini strokesvery important for brain healthbrain changes that can lead to memory losstask 2 short a

22、nswer questionslisten to the audio clip again and answer the following questions.1. what might happen to people with early memory troubles? _. 2. who tends to have a healthier brain overall? _. 3. what can help people have better blood flow to the brains frontal cortex? _.keep our brain smarter long

23、era certain degree of mini strokes.people who eat a lot of fish and sea foodmeditationclip 2do you agree with the statement “our digital devices make our brains dumber”?task 1 note-takinglisten to the audio clip again and write down relevant information about the “nature nurtures creativity” report.

24、the “nature nurtures creativity” reportcurrent situationpeople need to have more reasons to disconnect from 1)_ and to take a vacation 2)_.findings of a new studynature is good for peoples 3)_. it even improves 4)_ and 5)_ by fifty percent.researchers conclusion extended period in front of a compute

25、r likely has 6)_ costs, and 7)_ could help reverse them.recent datayoung people spend just 20 minutes a day 8)_ and nearly eight hours a day 9) _.implicationswhen people are agonizing over computer screens, they should consider 10)_.digital devicesin the great outdoorsmindproblem-solving abilitiescr

26、eativitycognitivegoing for a hikeplaying outsideusing cell phones, tvs and computersstepping outside and let nature nurture their mindtask 2 dictation listen to the audio clip again for detailed information about houston universitys efforts in leading sustainability and pick up the missing verbs.res

27、earchsubjectsgroupsresults researchers studied 1)_ people with an average age of 2)_ .group 1 took a creativity test 3)_ a backpacking trip.the average creativity test score was about 5)_.group 2 took a creativity test on the 4)_ day of the trip.the ctreativity test score was just about 6)_.5628befo

28、refourth46video studioword bank1. potential adj. 潛在的4. explosion n. 突增2. flourish v. 繁榮5. incompetence n. 不稱職3. rhythm n. 節(jié)奏6. vision n. 想象力 video studioread the following line by albert einstein about genius.“everybody is a genius. but if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.”video studioshare with your peers your