中國文化英語教程Unit9PPT學習教案

1、會計學1中國文化英語教程中國文化英語教程Unit9 Unit 9 Zheng Hes Voyages to the Western Seas第1頁/共44頁p Lead-inp Text studyp ExercisesContent第2頁/共44頁Lead-inPainting: Zheng Hes voyages to the Western Seas第3頁/共44頁p Introductionp Advanced Navigation Civilizationp Spreading PeaceText study第4頁/共44頁IntroductionThe first voyage:

2、The greatest fleet with the largest crews the world had ever seen.Time: 1405.7.11Scale: 208 ships; more than 27,500 peopleCargoes: porcelain, silk, tea, other treasuresScope: the South China Sea, the strait of Malacca, the India Ocean, many countries of Asia and Africa第5頁/共44頁Introduction An importa

3、nt official in the court of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. Born to a Muslim family, also believed in Buddhism and Mazu. Intelligent and knowledgeable about navigation. Direct all seven adventurous missions.Commander: Zheng He (1371-1433)第6頁/共44頁IntroductionZheng Hes seven voyagesFirst voyageSec

4、ond voyageThird voyageFourth voyageFifth voyageSixth voyageSeventh voyage1405.07.11永樂三年1407.10.13永樂五年1409.10永樂七年1413.11永樂十一年1417.06永樂十五年1421.03.03永樂十九年1431.01宣德五年第7頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation Civilization Zheng He Famous navigators and their voyages Christopher Columbus Vasco da Gama Ferdinand Magella

5、n 第8頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation CivilizationChristopher Columbus came upon the continent of the Americas in 1492 by traveling across the Pacific with his Spanish fleet. Christopher Columbus: 克里斯托弗哥倫布 (1451-1506)意大利航海家，在1492年到1502年間在西班牙的資助下四次橫渡大西洋，到達美洲大陸，也因此成為了名垂青史的航海家。Note第9頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation C

6、ivilizationThe Portuguese fleet of Vasco da Gama passed around Africas Cape of Hope and across the Indian Ocean, to arrive at Calicut on the west coast of India in 1498. Vasco da Gama: 瓦斯科達伽馬 (1460-1524)，葡萄牙航海家，首辟由歐洲繞非洲好望角到印度的航道（1497-1499），使葡萄牙得以在印度洋上建立霸權，1524年出任葡屬印度總督。Note第10頁/共44頁Advanced Navigati

7、on CivilizationFerdinand Magellan and his Spanish fleet claimed the first round-the-world navigation in 1522. Ferdinand Magellan: 費迪南麥哲倫 (1480-1521) 葡萄牙航海家，1519年率西班牙船隊作首次環(huán)球航行，1520年發(fā)現了以他的名字命名的麥哲倫海峽，到達菲律賓群島后被當地人殺害。 Note第11頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation CivilizationZheng Hes voyages took place much earlier

8、and on a much larger scale. Zheng Hes fleets were unparalleled during his time in terms of size, navigation technology, organization and amenities (便利設施).Zheng He: 鄭和(1371-1433)云南昆陽（今云南晉寧）人，1405-1433年，奉明廷之命率領船隊七次出使亞非30多個國家和地區(qū)，是中國航海史和外交史上的重大事件Note第12頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation CivilizationZheng Hes shi

9、ps Zheng Hes ships were constructed with advanced technology and craft. A large-size ship in the fleet was 150 meters long, 60 meters wide and 12 meters deep. It had a cargo capacity of about l,000 tons, with four levels to house more than l,000 crew and passengers. 第13頁/共44頁Advanced Navigation Civi

10、lization The foredeck had an area of 9,000 square meters, equal to the size of half a football field. The ship had nine masts with 12 sails. Its iron rudder (舵) needed more than 200 people to lift. The large ships of Zheng Hes fleet would still look extraordinary even today.第14頁/共44頁Advanced Navigat

11、ion CivilizationZheng Hes ships第15頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceThe purposes of Emperor Yongle to send Zheng He on the missions: To show off the prosperity of the Ming Empire; To put into practice his ideals of making friends with and spreading peace to other countries near and far.第16頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceTh

12、e principle of peace laid down by Emperor Yongle:“Follow the ways of Heaven and the world, do not bully small or weak countries, and spread the blessing of peace.” (信守天道，循理安分，勿得違越，不可欺寡，不可凌弱，庶幾共享太平之福。)第17頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceZheng He deployed troops three times on his all seven long journeys:The firs

13、t time was to wipe out pirates in the Palembang area.The second time was in self-defense: against an attack by a king of Ceylon.The third time was also in self-defense: against a gang of rioters from the Sumatra area. None of these acts constituted a violation of the principle of peace laid down by

14、Emperor Yongle.第18頁/共44頁Spreading Peace Of the many places that Zheng Hes fleets reached, they never occupied an inch of anybodys territory, nor took away the slightest bit of anybodys property, nor left a single soldier on anybodys land. Zheng He brought gifts to the places he reached. The gifts ra

15、nged from cash, silk, porcelain and clothing, to utensils made of iron, copper, silver and gold, bricks, tiles and glazed (上釉的) tiles for locals to build temples.第19頁/共44頁Spreading Peace青花竹石靈芝紋盤青花竹石靈芝紋盤Blue-and-white plate from the Hongwu region (1368-1398) of the Ming Dynasty第20頁/共44頁Spreading Peac

16、e青釉刻花瓶青釉刻花瓶Celadon vase from Yaozhou Kiln of the Song Dynasty第21頁/共44頁Spreading Peace Zheng Hes crew bartered (交換) porcelain, silk, tea, and metal utensils with local governments and ordinary citizens for jewelry, spices, medicine, and rare animals. They also introduced to the countries they visited

17、 items such as: the Chinese calendar, Chinese medical sciences, and technologies in farming, manufacturing, navigation and shipbuilding.第22頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceOn every one of his missions, Zheng He would bring envoys from other lands back to China. In the ninth lunar month of 1422 (20th year of Emp

18、eror Yongles reign), more than l,200 envoys from 16 states in Southern Africa came to visit China with Zheng Hes fleet. There were also several kings who traveled on Zheng Hes ship back to China. Three of them stayed in China until they died due to illness.第23頁/共44頁Spreading Peace People in some Asi

19、an countries still retain fond memories of Zheng Hes visits. One can find many commemorative (紀念性的) buildings in these countries. 第24頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceThe temple named after Zheng He in the Indonesian port city of Semarang. 第25頁/共44頁Spreading PeaceIn the Malacca Straits area there can be found a

20、well said to have been dug by Zheng He.第26頁/共44頁Exercisesp Comprehensionp Communicationp Application第27頁/共44頁ComprehensionI. Skimming and Scanning Go through the passage quickly and answer the following questions briefly.1) Which aspects of Zheng Hes voyages are mentioned in the first paragraph? 2)

21、What was Zheng Hes job?In the first paragraph, the time, scale, cargoes and scope of Zheng He voyages are mentioned.Zheng He was the commander of the fleets and an important official in the court of Emperor Yongle.第28頁/共44頁Comprehension 3) Among the voyages mentioned in Paragraphs 3-4, whose voyages

22、 are the greatest? Why? Among the voyages mentioned in Paragraphs 3-4, Zheng Hes voyages are the greatest because his voyages took place much earlier and on a much larger scale. 4) What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?Paragraph 5 is mainly about how advanced Zheng Hes ships were.第29頁/共44頁Comprehension5)

23、 What is the principle of peace laid down by Emperor Yongle?The principle of peace laid down by Emperor Yongle is “Follow the ways of Heaven and the world, do not bully small or weak countries, and spread the blessing of peace.”6) What gifts did Zheng He bring to the places he reached?The gifts Zhen

24、g He brought to the places he reached ranged from cash, silk, porcelain and clothing, to utensils made of iron, copper, silver and gold, even bricks, tiles and glazed tiles for locals to build temples.第30頁/共44頁Comprehension7) Who did Zheng He bring back to China on his missions?Zheng He brought back

25、 on his missions envoys and several kings from other lands.8) How do some countries commemorate Zheng He?Some countries commemorate Zheng He through commemorative buildings in their countries, such as the temple named after Zheng He, and through bilingual song-and-dance drama.第31頁/共44頁ComprehensionI

26、I. Careful Reading1. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing information.2) The destinations of Zheng Hes voyages are countries located _. porcelain, silk, tea, and numerous other treasureson the coasts of Asia and Africa1) The ships of Zheng Hes fleet are loaded with carg

27、oes of _ _ _.第32頁/共44頁Comprehension3) Zheng He was appointed as the commander of the missions because _ _. 4) Zheng Hes fleets were unparalleled in terms of _.he was intelligent andknowledgeable about navigationsize, navigation technology, organization and amenities第33頁/共44頁Comprehension5) The purpo

28、ses of the missions were mainly to _ and _ _. 6) Zheng He deployed troops three times on his seven missions against _and _. put into practice his ideals of making friends with and spreading peace to other countries near and farshow off the prosperity of the Ming Empire pirates in the Palembang area,

29、 an attack by a king of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) a gang of rioters from the Sumatra area第34頁/共44頁Comprehension8) According to Paragraph 10, the three kings who traveled on Zheng Hes ship to China even _.7) Zheng Hes crew traded their porcelain, silk, tea, and metal utensils for _ _.jewelry, spices, me

30、dicineand rare animalslived/stayed in China第35頁/共44頁Comprehension9) The bilingual drama mentioned in Paragraph 11 is about _ _ _ _. the story of Princess Hanbaoli, daughter of Emperor Yongle, who was escorted by Zheng He and a 500-member retinue to her wedding with Sultan MansurShah of Malacca第36頁/共

31、44頁Comprehension1) 艦隊2) 貨物 3) 海峽4) 航海 5) 全體船員2. Put the following into English by referring to the passage.6) 載重量7) 前甲板8) 桅桿 9) 帆 fleetcargostraitnavigationcrewcargo capacityforedeckmastsail第37頁/共44頁CommunicationThe following is a passage about Christopher Columbus. The sentences are given in the wr

32、ong order. Try to reorganize these sentences to form a coherent passage.第38頁/共44頁CommunicationB. They took it for granted that Columbus estimation of a travel distance of 2,400 miles (3,860 km) was, in fact, far too short.A. In response to this, Columbus brothers had, by the 1480s, developed a plan

33、to travel to the Indies, then construed (理解為) roughly as all of south and east Asia, by sailing directly west across the Atlantic.C. Europe had long enjoyed a safe land passage to China and Indiasources of valued goods such as silk and spices-under the hegemony (霸權) of the Mongol Empire.D. Columbus

34、also requested to be made “Great Admiral of the Ocean”, appointed governor of any and all lands he discovered, and given one-tenth of all revenue from those lands.第39頁/共44頁CommunicationF. In 1485, Columbus presented his plans to John II, King of Portugal.E. However, with the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. the land passage to Asia became more difficult.G. The king submitted the proposal to his experts, who rejected it.H. He proposed the king equip three sturdy ships and grant Columbus one-year time to sail out