初中英語語法一般時態(tài)

1、初中英語語法一般時態(tài)一一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時初中英語語法一般時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作、客觀真理或事實等。與一般表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作、客觀真理或事實等。與一般現(xiàn)在時連用的時間狀語現(xiàn)在時連用的時間狀語：often, always, sometimes, usually, every day/ week/year 等等 一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成： 肯定句：肯定句：主語主語is/am/are其它成分其它成分.He is an office worker.主語主語(除第三人稱單數(shù)除第三人稱單數(shù))動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分.I get

2、up at six every day . 主語主語(第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù))動詞動詞s/es 其它成分其它成分. My father usually goes to work by bus.我我(I)用用am, 你你(you)用用are,Is 連著他連著他(he)她她(she)它它(it),遇到復(fù)數(shù)都用遇到復(fù)數(shù)都用are.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)否定句：否定句：主語主語am/is/are not其它成分其它成分.They are not in the library.主語主語(除第三人稱單數(shù)除第三人稱單數(shù)) dont動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分. I dont like swimming.

3、 主語主語(第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù))doesnt動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分.The old man doesnt like playing cards . 一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Am/Is/Are+主語其它成分主語其它成分?Is it a tall tree?Do +主語主語(除第三人稱單數(shù)除第三人稱單數(shù)) 動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分?Do the Greens often go swimming in summer?Does+主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）動詞原形其它成分主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）動詞原形其它成分?Does the earth go around the sun ? 初中英語

4、語法一般時態(tài)特殊疑問句（一般時態(tài)）特殊疑問句（一般時態(tài)）：疑問詞疑問詞is/am/are +主語主語(其它成分其它成分)？What time is it now? 疑問詞疑問詞do +主語動詞原形主語動詞原形(其它成分其它成分)？When do you usually go to bed? 疑問詞疑問詞does+主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動詞原形動詞原形（其它成分）？（其它成分）？Where does Jim do his homework on weekdays ?初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1、一般動詞，在詞尾加、一般動詞，在詞尾加 s ; 如：如： work-works, liv

5、e-lives, play-plays, sing- sings. eg: She lives in Ningbo. 她住在寧波。她住在寧波。2、以、以/s/ /z/ 等音素結(jié)尾的動詞，詞尾加等音素結(jié)尾的動詞，詞尾加 -es ，如詞尾為，如詞尾為e， 只只加加-s. 讀作讀作 /iz /如：如： teach- teaches, wash- washes. eg: My mother washes the coat.我母親洗了大衣。我母親洗了大衣。行為動詞行為動詞do一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單（he,she,it) 的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：初中英語語法一般時態(tài)3.以輔音字母加以輔音

6、字母加Y 結(jié)尾的詞，改結(jié)尾的詞，改Y為為I 再加再加ES，讀作，讀作ZStudy flystudiesflied 4.以輔音字母以輔音字母+O結(jié)尾的詞，一般情況是在詞尾加結(jié)尾的詞，一般情況是在詞尾加ES 讀讀作作Zgo do goesdoes5.特殊情況：特殊情況： have has 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)getsgoeslivesdraws初中英語語法一般時態(tài)Where are they?They are in the classroom.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)Is he happy?Yes, he is happy.Is he strong?Yes, he is strong.初中英語語法一般

7、時態(tài)What is it?It is a cat.Is she busy?Yes, she is busy. 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)Am I sad?No, I am happy.Is it very hot?Yes, it is very hot.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)He is happy.否定句否定句:一般疑問句一般疑問句:肯定回答肯定回答:否定回答否定回答:He is not (isnt) happy.Is he happy?Yes, he is.No, he isnt.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)I am happy.否定句否定句:一般疑問句一般疑問句:肯定回答肯定回答:否定回答否定回答:I a

8、m not happy.Are you happy?Yes, I am.No, I am not.疑問句要求把疑問句要求把BE 提前，第一人稱變成第二人稱。提前，第一人稱變成第二人稱。初中英語語法一般時態(tài)They are in the classroom.否定句否定句:一般疑問句一般疑問句:肯定回答肯定回答: 否定回答否定回答:They are not (arent) in the classroom.Are they in the classroom?Yes, they are.No, they arent.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)肯定式否定式疑問式肯定否定回答I am a teacher. I

9、 am not a teacher.Am I a teacher?Yes, I am.No, I am not.He/she is a teacher.He/she is not a teacher.Is he/she a teacher?Yes, he/she is.No, he/she isntIt is a cat.It is not a cat.Is it a cat?Yes, it is.No, it isnt.We/You/They are teachers.We/You/They are not teachers.Are we/you/they teachers?Yes, we/

10、you/they are. No, we/you/they arent.動詞動詞be一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成初中英語語法一般時態(tài)get up water the flowersI get up at 6:35 in the morning.She waters the flowers.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)play footballwatch TVThey play football in the playground.He watches TV in the sitting-room.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)否定句否定句:一般疑問句一般疑問句:肯定回答肯定回答:否定回答否定回答:I get

11、 up at 6:35 in the morning.I do not (dont) get up at 6:35 in the morning.Do you get up at 6:35 in the morning?Yes, I do.No, I dont.對于實意動詞，疑問句要求：當(dāng)主語是他對于實意動詞，疑問句要求：當(dāng)主語是他(he)，她，她(she)，它，它(it)時，句子前面加時，句子前面加DOES，并把動詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語是其他人，并把動詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語是其他人稱時，句前加稱時，句前加DO ，第一人，第一人(I/we) 稱換第二人稱稱換第二人稱(you)。初中英語語法一般時態(tài)Th

12、ey play football in the playground.否定句否定句: 一般疑問句一般疑問句: 肯定回答肯定回答:否定回答否定回答:They do not (dont) play football in the playground.No, they dont.Yes, they do.Do they play football in the playground?初中英語語法一般時態(tài)Ex1. 將下列各句從肯定式改為否定式將下列各句從肯定式改為否定式I talk to Peter because I like him.Kate comes from America. Kate w

13、orks with PeterI am Chinese, and I am a student.They know each other.I dont talk to Peter because I dont like him.Kate doesnt come from America.Kate doesnt work with Peter.I am not Chinese, and I am not a studentThey dont know each other.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1.Her parents live in Shanghai .否: Her parents_ in S

14、hanghai.疑： _ her parents_ in Shanghai?.2.You study English .否： You study English .疑： you study English ? 3. How often Tom football?A.is ,play B. do,play C. does, play D.does,plays dont liveDo livedoDo C初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1. Jim usually _ ( have ) lunch at home.2. Li Guanhua _ ( be ) twenty years old.3. How m

15、any students _ ( be ) there in your class?4. -_ she _ ( study ) hard? -Yes, she _.5. Lucy and lily _ ( not speak ) Chinese.6. My father _ ( not do ) morning exercises every day.7. She always _ ( wash ) her clothes on Sundays.8. _ your brother _ ( like ) playing football? No, he _.用所給動詞一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)填空用所給動詞一

16、般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)填空:初中英語語法一般時態(tài) Tom goes to school every day by bike.1.就就Tom 提問提問 2.就就goes to school提問提問 3.就就by bike提問提問 請做練習(xí)請做練習(xí)。1.Who goes to school every day by bike?2.What does Tom do every day by bike ?3.How does Tom go to school every day? 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)二二一般將來時一般將來時初中英語語法一般時態(tài)一般將來時一般將來時 表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀表示將要發(fā)生的動作或

17、存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。與它連用的時間狀語有：與它連用的時間狀語有：tomorrow, next week/month /year, in a few days等。等。 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)表示將來時的常見形式表示將來時的常見形式 1.will+動詞原形動詞原形 (I /we shall)2.be going to+動詞原形動詞原形3.be+to do 表示計劃表示計劃,責(zé)任責(zé)任,約定或命令約定或命令4. be about to do sth 表示正要做表示正要做,馬上要做馬上要做.(不能與表示將來時間的狀語連用不能與表示將來時間的狀語連用)5.be+v

18、-ing6.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來一般現(xiàn)在時表將來初中英語語法一般時態(tài)fly kites tomorrowHe will fly kites tomorrow.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)They will play basketball next Wednesday.play basketball next Wednesday初中英語語法一般時態(tài)He will fly kites tomorrow.否定句否定句: 一般疑問句一般疑問句:肯定回答肯定回答: 否定回答否定回答:No, he will not (wont).Yes, he will.Will he fly kites tomorrow?He w

19、ill not fly kites tomorrow.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)否定句否定句:一般疑問句一般疑問句: 肯定回答肯定回答:否定回答否定回答:They will play basketball this afternoon.No, they will not (wont).Yes, they will.Will they play basketball next Wednesday? They will not (wont) play basketball next Wednesday.初中英語語法一般時態(tài) 1.will與與shallv 1)表示表示一個將來的動作或狀態(tài)，一個將來的動作或

20、狀態(tài)，“要要,會會” She will go to the park tomorrow. 2）表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的事。）表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的事。 Tom will be 18 next year. Spring will come again. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 3) will+v 有時表示說話是臨時決定或打算。有時表示說話是臨時決定或打算。 - My car wont start. -Dont worry, I will come and give it a push.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)肯定句肯定句主語主語+shall/will+

21、動詞原形動詞原形 其它成分其它成分.否定句否定句主語主語shall/ will +not 動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分. 一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Shall /will 主語主語 動詞原形其它成分動詞原形其它成分? 特殊疑問句特殊疑問句疑問詞疑問詞shall/will+主語動詞原形其它成分主語動詞原形其它成分?如：如：What will they do next Saturday?注：注：shall用于第一人稱。用于第一人稱。 will用于各種人稱。用于各種人稱。 口語中口語中常用常用will代替代替shall。 shall not=shant will not=wont 初中英語語法一般

22、時態(tài)祈使句+ and/or+將來時（will） 努力工作否則你就會失敗。努力工作否則你就會失敗。 Work hard or you will fail. 努力工作你就會成功。努力工作你就會成功。 Work hard and you will succeed.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)2、be going to表示計劃，安排要做的事表示計劃，安排要做的事表示現(xiàn)在的跡象推斷未來可能發(fā)生某事。表示現(xiàn)在的跡象推斷未來可能發(fā)生某事。- What _do this evening?- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些烏云要下雨了看那些烏云要下雨了. Loot at the dar

23、k clouds. It _rain. is going toare you going to初中英語語法一般時態(tài) 3.be to do 表按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作表按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作表示約定，責(zé)任，命令，或注定要發(fā)生的動作。表示約定，責(zé)任，命令，或注定要發(fā)生的動作。官方計劃或決定（常見于報紙或廣播）官方計劃或決定（常見于報紙或廣播）He and I are to meet at the railway station tomorrow. You are not to be back late.If not watered, the plants are to die.The pre

24、sident is to speak on TV tonight.計劃，安排計劃，安排責(zé)任，命令責(zé)任，命令注定要發(fā)生的動作注定要發(fā)生的動作官方計劃或決定官方計劃或決定初中英語語法一般時態(tài)4.be about to do 表示正要做表示正要做,馬上要做馬上要做. (不能與表示將來的時間的狀語連用不能與表示將來的時間的狀語連用) was /were about to do when 正要正要突然發(fā)生突然發(fā)生 英語晚會即將開始。英語晚會即將開始。 The English Evening Party is about to begin. 我正要出去我正要出去,這時下起了雨這時下起了雨. I was a

25、bout to go out when it began to rain.初中英語語法一般時態(tài) 5.be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等動詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示安排等動詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示安排和計劃或即將發(fā)生的動作和計劃或即將發(fā)生的動作。 我們明天動身去青島我們明天動身去青島. Were leaving for Qingdao. 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)6.表示與生日表示與生日,日歷日歷,課時安排或交通時刻表有關(guān)的課時安排或交通時刻表有關(guān)的動作動作(一種規(guī)律一種規(guī)律) ，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時態(tài)，用一

26、般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時態(tài) 常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動詞如常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動詞如： begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close The evening class begins at 19:00. 火車兩點出發(fā)火車兩點出發(fā). The train starts at two.初中英語語法一般時態(tài)注注:在時間或條件狀語從句中在時間或條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時在時表示將來時:when, as soon as, before, once, if , unless, even if, in case If you

27、come this morning, we will have a meeting. When I graduate, I will go to the countryside初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to haveC.is going to be D.will have2.The twins_to the cinema with their parents tonight.A.will go B.would goC.are go D.went3.-When_

28、we have the meeting? -At 8. A.areB.shallC.would D.will 4.-When_you_for London? -Next week. A.will;leavingB.are;leaving C.shall;leaveD.have;left初中英語語法一般時態(tài) What would you do if it _ tomorrow ? We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is rainingExercises

29、初中英語語法一般時態(tài)2. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)3. My younger brother _be 15 years old next year. A. i

30、s going to B. will C. is to D. should 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)4. Sorry, I forgot to post the letter for you. Never mind, _ post it myself tonight. A. Im going to B. I prefer to C. Ill D. Id rather初中英語語法一般時態(tài)5. Write to me when you get home. _. A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can初中英語語法一般時態(tài)三 一般過去時一般過去時初中英語語法一般時

31、態(tài)一般過去時一般過去時1.表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài) 2.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。 I got up early yesterday. How was your weekend? It was great. She didnt play sports last weekend. Did you go to Central Park? Yes, I did. Where did you go on vacation?結(jié)論結(jié)論：1常帶有表過去的常帶有表過去的時間狀語時間狀語（見到這些詞用一般過去時）. ago,

32、yesterday, the day before yesterday, two days ago, last( night, week, month, year,), in+一個過去的年份一個過去的年份, just now, at the age of, one day, long ago, once upon atime(很久以前很久以前)初中英語語法一般時態(tài) be 的過去時: is-was amwas are-were肯定句：主語+過去式+其他 He was at home yesterday. 否定句：主語+was/were +not+過去式+其他 He wasnt at home y

33、esterday.一般疑問句：was/were+主語+動詞原形+其他 Was he at home yesterday? -yes, he was. -no, he wasnt.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 （was/were+主語 +過去式+其他） Where was he yesterday? 初中英語語法一般時態(tài)行為動詞的一般過去式：do-did肯定句：主語+ 動詞過去式 +其他 I went to the movie yesterday.否定句：主語+didnt (助動詞) + 動詞原形+其他 I didnt go to the movie yesterday.疑問句：Did (

34、助動詞) +主語+動詞原形+其他 Did you go to the movie yesterday?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 (Did+主語 +過去式+其他） Where did he go yesterday? (movie) when did he go to the movie? (yesterday)初中英語語法一般時態(tài)構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成規(guī)則例詞例詞1. 一般在動詞原形末尾加一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed look looked play played start started2. 結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是 e 的動詞加的動詞加 -d live lived hope hoped use use

35、d3. 末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀 閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字 母，再加母，再加-edstop stoppedplan plannedtrip tripped4. 結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動詞，的動詞， 先變先變“y”為為“i”再加再加-ed study studiedcarry carried規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成初中英語語法一般時態(tài)清念清念 /t/ ,元濁元濁/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念之后念/id/規(guī)則動詞規(guī)則動詞-ed的讀音的讀音說明：說明：1、清念、清念 /t/ ，即，即 ed 在清輔音后面念在

36、清輔音后面念 /t/ ,例：例：finished helped passed cooked2、元濁、元濁 /d/ ,即即 ed 在元音，濁輔音后面念在元音，濁輔音后面念 /d/ , 例：例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3、/t/ /d/ 之后念之后念 /id/ , 即即 ed 在在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念音后面念 /id/ 例：例：wanted shouted needed counted初中英語語法一般時態(tài)不規(guī)則動詞表不規(guī)則動詞表Infinitive Past tenseam is wasare werebegin begunbreak brokebring

37、 broughtbuild builtbuy boughtcan couldInfinitive Past tensecatch caughtcome camedo diddraw drewdrink drankdrive droveeat atefall fell初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1. look2. live3. stop4. carry5. hope6. trip7. call 8. finish9. want10.are 11. e16.say17.see18.put19.eat20.take21.read初中英語語法一般時態(tài)1. look looked2. live lived3. stop stopped4. carry carried 5. hope hoped 6. trip tripped7. call called8. finish finished 9. want