常用鑄造詞匯及解釋

1、鑄件 casting毛坯鑄件rough cast ing砂型鑄件 sand cast ing試制鑄件pilot cast ing鑄態(tài)鑄件 as-cast cast ing鑄型mold鑄造工藝 cast ing process foundry tech no logy鑄造材料 foundry materials鑄造工藝材料 con sumable materials鑄造設(shè)備 foundry equipme nt, foundry facilities鑄造工作者 foun dryma n鑄造車間foundry shop鑄造廠foundry一批 a batch爐 a cast, a heat, a

2、melt鑄焊 cast welding, flow welding*鑄造合金及熔煉,澆鑄壓鑄合金diecast alloy壓鑄鋁合金 alum inum diecast alloy壓鑄鎂合金 magn esium diecast alloy壓鑄銅合金 copper diecast alloy壓鑄鋅合金 zinc diecast alloy乍辛當(dāng)量 zinc equivale nt*鑄造工藝設(shè)計(jì)鑄造工藝設(shè)計(jì)casti ng process desig n鑄造工藝計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)（鑄造工藝CAD） Computer-aided design of the casting process,casti

3、ngprocess CA實(shí)體造型 con structive solid geometry , solid modeli ng充型分析 mold filli ng an alysis鑄造工藝裝備設(shè)計(jì)foundry tools desig n鑄造工藝圖 foundry moldi ng draw ing鑄造工藝卡 foundry process card鑄型裝配圖 mold assembly draw ing鑄件圖（毛坯圖）drawing of rough casting鑄造工藝準(zhǔn)備preparati on for cast ing tech ni que鑄件設(shè)計(jì) casti ng desig

4、n鑄件基準(zhǔn)面 refere nee face for machi ning of cast ing鑄合結(jié)構(gòu) cast fabricated con structure分型面 mold joi nt, mold part ing, part ing face不平分型面 irregular join t, irregular part ing, match part ing階梯分型面 stepped joint, stepped sprt ing工藝補(bǔ)正量 desig n modificati on, moldi ng allowa nee熱節(jié) hot spot熱筋（鑄肋）ribs加強(qiáng)筋 stif

5、fening ribs型腔 mold cavity.澆冒口系統(tǒng)澆注系統(tǒng) gati ng system , ru nning system澆注設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng) desig n of gati ng system澆道比 gati ng rati on圭寸閉式澆注系統(tǒng) choked running system , Pressurized gat ing system半圭寸閉式澆注系統(tǒng)enl arged runner system開(kāi)放式澆注系統(tǒng) non-pressurized gat ing system , un choked running system直澆道sprue直澆道窩sprue base橫澆道

6、runner集渣橫澆道skim runner*鑄件后處理；青理 cleaning fettling噴砂清理 sand blast ing clea ning用壓縮空氣將砂粒高速噴射到鑄件表面，除去鑄件表面殘砂、粘砂和氧化皮的清理方法噴丸清理 shot blast ing clea ning用壓縮空氣將彈丸高速噴射到鑄件表面，除去鑄件表面殘砂、粘砂和氧化皮的清理方法拋丸清理 wheel blasti ng clea ning用高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的葉輪使鐵丸或鋼丸在離心力的作用下，拋向鑄件進(jìn)行清砂和去除細(xì)小飛翅的* 作滾筒清理tumbli ng將落砂后的鑄件和一定量的星鐵裝入清理滾筒中，借助于滾筒轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)鑄

7、件與鑄件、鑄件與星鐵的不斷翻滾、相互碰撞與摩擦，清除鑄件表面殘留型（芯）砂、粘砂 和氧化皮的一種鑄件表面清理方法 去毛刺deburri ng去氧化皮descali ng打磨 grinding彈丸shot鑄件修補(bǔ)鑄件修補(bǔ) repair of casti ng焊補(bǔ) repair welding溶補(bǔ) fusion repairing填補(bǔ) repair with metal-filled浸滲處理impreg nati on浸滲劑 impreg nant精整（精細(xì)整理）dress ing and fini shi ng膩?zhàn)?beaumantage為改善鑄件外觀，用于填補(bǔ)其表面缺陷的膩料，常用膩?zhàn)佑闪蚧欠?/p>

8、、白芨粉、白磯、鋁粉和石墨粉等配置而成矯正 coining, straighte ning* *鑄件質(zhì)量鑄件質(zhì)量 casting quality鑄件內(nèi)在質(zhì)量 internal quality of casting鑄件質(zhì)量等級(jí)quality grades of casting鑄件質(zhì)量分析quality analysis of casting鑄件質(zhì)量檢測(cè)儀tester for casting quality鑄件公稱重量nominal weight of casting鑄件重量公差weight tolerance of casting鑄件重量偏差weight differenee of castin

9、g鑄件尺寸公差dimensional tolerance of casting鑄件尺寸穩(wěn)定 14 dimensional stability of casting鑄件機(jī)械加工余量machining allowance of casting鑄造表面粗糙度 cast surface roughness鑄造表面粗糙度比較樣塊roughness comparison specimens for cast surface鑄件本體性能properties of casting itself鑄件使用性能service ability of casting, properties affecting serv

10、ice of casting高質(zhì)量鑄件 premium quality casting合格鑄件 qualified casting鑄件合格品率yield of casting缺陷鑄件 defective casting廢品reject鑄件廢品率reject ratio of casting鑄件成品率overall yield of casting鑄件缺陷casting defect鑄件檢驗(yàn)inspection of casting鑄件可靠性 reliability of casting多肉性缺陷多肉類缺陷 metallic projections飛邊（飛翅）joint flash毛朿 Q ve

11、ining水孔洞類缺陷cavities氣孑L blowhole鑄件內(nèi)由氣體形成的孔洞類缺陷。其表面一般比較光滑，主要呈梨形、圓形和橢圓形。一般不在 鑄件表面露 岀，大孔常獨(dú)立存在，小孔則成群出現(xiàn)氣縮孑 L blowhole shrinkage分散性氣孔與縮孔和縮松合并而造成的孔洞類鑄造缺陷針孑 L pinhole一般為針頭大小分布在鑄件截面上的析岀性氣孔。鋁合金鑄件常岀現(xiàn)這類氣孔，對(duì)鑄件的危害很大表面針孑 L surface pin hole成群分布在鑄件表層的分散性氣孔。起特征和相成原因和皮下氣孔相同，通常暴露在鑄件表面，機(jī)械加工1-2mm后即可去掉皮下氣空 subsurface blowhole位于鑄件表皮下的分散性氣孔。為金屬液與砂型之間發(fā)生化學(xué)反映產(chǎn)生的反應(yīng)性氣孔。形狀有針 狀、蝌蚪狀、球狀、梨狀等。大小不一，深度不等，通常在機(jī)械加工或熱處理后才能發(fā)現(xiàn)。* 收縮缺陷 shrinkage defects金屬凝固收縮時(shí)，由于金屬液未對(duì)鑄件有效補(bǔ)縮。包括縮孔、縮松、縮陷、縮沉等縮孑 L shrinkage鑄件在凝固過(guò)程中，由于補(bǔ)縮不良而產(chǎn)生的孔洞。形狀極不規(guī)則，孔壁粗糙并帶有枝狀晶，常岀現(xiàn)在鑄件最 后凝固的部位。廣義的縮孔包括縮松?？s松 dispersed shrinkage鑄件斷面上岀現(xiàn)的分散而細(xì)小的縮孔。借助高倍放大鏡才能發(fā)現(xiàn)的縮松稱為顯微縮松。鑄件有縮 松