最新代詞講解及練習(xí)(含答案)0001

1、最新代詞講解及練習(xí)（含答案）一、單項(xiàng)選擇代詞1. I don t exactly know what the woman is, but I think she can b _ but a doctor.A. anybodyC. anything【答案】C【解析】B. somethingD. everybody考查固定搭配。句意：我不太清楚那個(gè)女人是做什么的，但我認(rèn)為她決不是醫(yī)生。anythingbut 為固定搭配，意為 決不是:故選C項(xiàng)。2. Do you con siderany good doing many scie ntific exp erime nts?A. thereB. th

2、isC. itD. one【答案】C【解析】it是形式賓語(yǔ)，代替 doing ； good是形容詞，因此選 C3. -Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon? -Really? It is said to be sup eriorany other model. I canA. to ; oneB. than; oneC. to ; it【答案】Ait to buy.D. than; itt wa【解析】短語(yǔ)搭配be superior to比高級(jí)；one相當(dāng)于a phone。你知道嗎3G手機(jī)很快會(huì)進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)”真

3、的嗎？據(jù)說比其他類型的手機(jī)高級(jí)我迫不及待的想買一部”。選A4. The Olympic Games makesA. thisB. it【答案】Bp ossible for people to live side by side in p eace. D.不填C. that【解析】本題的含義是奧運(yùn)會(huì)使人們能夠和平的生活在一起成為可能，本題 于句尾用動(dòng)詞不定式，那么在英文中通常用形式賓語(yǔ)make后的真正賓語(yǔ)位it來代替真正的主語(yǔ)，故本題選B。5. Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of Chinas Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billi

4、on fortune.making him the richest person in China.A. itB. oneC.【答案】B【解析】thatD.which286億美元的財(cái)【詳解】試題分析：考查代詞。句意：中國(guó)阿里巴巴集團(tuán)創(chuàng)始人兼董事長(zhǎng)馬云擁有富，這使他成為中國(guó)首富。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用one代替前面的a $28.6 billionfortune，實(shí)際上是它的同位語(yǔ)，后面的making him the richest person in China.是現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾one,注意此處不是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，如果是非限定定語(yǔ)從句的話應(yīng)該用makes而不是making，所以不能選

5、 which，故選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查代詞6. What great means! How did you man age to find _? It is the first time I such won derful mea ns.A. it; hear ofD. them; have heard ofB. it, have heard of ;C. them; hear of【答案】D【解析】 試題分析：考查代詞和固定句式。句意：多么偉大的方法！你怎樣設(shè)法找到他們的？可知 第一空用them代替前面的 mea ns ； It is the first (seco nd-) time主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在完

6、成時(shí)態(tài)+其 他。此舉是表示 某人第幾次做某事”?？芍诙仗?have heard of。故選D。【知識(shí)歸納】1.It is the first(second-)time that主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)+其他。意思是：第幾次做某事了。如 果把 is 改成 was，則后面用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。It s the third time that I have come to the SummerP alace .這是我第三次來到頤和園。2.It s hh igme that主語(yǔ)+般過去時(shí)態(tài)+其他?，F(xiàn)在是該做某事的時(shí)間了。It s high timethat we had lunch.現(xiàn)在是我們?cè)摮晕顼埖臅r(shí)間了

7、。3. It is/has been+段時(shí)間+since主語(yǔ)+般過去時(shí)態(tài)+-。自從-有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。在這個(gè)句 型中since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，分兩種情況：(1 )如果從句的動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞leave/come/-,則表示 從動(dòng)作開始到現(xiàn)在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。It is three yearssince he began to smoke .他已經(jīng)吸煙三年了。(2)如果從句的動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞stay/smoke/live-，則表示 從動(dòng)作結(jié)束到現(xiàn)在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。It is three years si nee he smoked.他戒煙三年了。考點(diǎn)：考查代詞和固定句式of the tro

8、uble of tak ing7. Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has buses.A. nothing【答案】BB. noneC. someD. neither【解析】考查不定代詞。A什么也沒有”；B 一個(gè)也沒有”，指三者以上的人或物； CJ些”；D兩者 都不”。句意 一些人寧愿騎自行車，因?yàn)轵T自行車沒有那些像乘公交車會(huì)遇到的麻煩。”這none。里的troubles是泛指，表示否定一個(gè)用 none。故選B。8. On average, the footprints discovered are 14 to

9、18 inches long, 5-9 inches wide and much larger tha nof a huma n.A. that【答案】CB. onesC. thoseD. one【解析】 試題分析：句意：通常來說，被發(fā)現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)達(dá)14到18英寸，5到9英寸寬的腳印比人類的B. ones泛指，代替C. those特指，代替前文出現(xiàn)的同一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，those 代指 foot prints。故選 C。D. one9. He knew the files could be of help toA. anyone【答案】CB. some onetook over the job.C.

10、 whoeverD. who【解析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,He knew 是主謂，后面 the files could be of help to whoever took over thejob.是賓語(yǔ)從句（省略了that ）。這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句里面又套有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句whoever took overthe job10. While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher tha nfive years ago.A. o

11、ne B. thatC. those D. they【答案】C【解析】句意：盡管今年電子書的銷量已經(jīng)下降，但是對(duì)于我們來說記住數(shù)字仍然高于五年前的銷售量仍然很重要。這里用代詞those指代上文出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)figures，故選Co【名師點(diǎn)睛】代詞that和those用法:一、代詞that的用法：代詞that的指代為特指，并且我們通常歸納為同物異指”，即代詞that指代的物體與前文中的物體是同樣的名稱，但是有不同的內(nèi)涵，另外代詞 指代前文中的不可數(shù)名詞，that可以The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu.吉林的氣候不如江

12、蘇溫和。代詞that指代前文中climate，同樣都是climate，前文中為吉林的氣候，而后文中 指代的氣候是江蘇的氣候，名稱相同但內(nèi)涵不一樣，這就是所謂的同物異指”。此處代詞that 所that指代的climate即為不可數(shù)名詞。代詞that與one的區(qū)別：that代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)等同于that指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞，為特指，one指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，為泛指。The weather in Beiji ng in win ter is colder tha n that of Shan ghai.北京的天氣比上海的天氣要冷。the one。腳印要大得多。A. that特指代指前文的可

13、數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或是不可數(shù)名詞, 前文出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)， 泛指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。這句話里 考點(diǎn)：考查代詞的用法。As they are retired， Mr. and Mrs. Scot prefer a house in the country to one in a large city. 因?yàn)樗?們退休了，司各特先生和太太寧愿要一座農(nóng)村里的房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。二、代詞those的用法the one，表the ones。that可代替不可數(shù)名詞，也可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)等同于 示特指意義；those只能代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，等同于The days in summer ar

14、e Ion ger tha n those in win ter. 夏天要比冬天長(zhǎng)一些。 此句中代詞those指代前文中的復(fù)數(shù) the days。Desp ite the n egative image of nu clear en ergy, actually its p ublic safety risks are no greater tha n those of fossil fuels.代詞those指代前文中的public safety risks，指代前文中的復(fù)數(shù)名詞用those符合題意，句子意思為：盡管核能的形象比較負(fù)面，但是實(shí)際上核能的公共安全危害性還不如礦物燃料 的公共安全

15、危害性大。11. -What did the young man come to your company for?D. one that-He wan ted a job,could help him support his family.A. whatB. oneC. that【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：一一這位年輕人來你們公司是為了什么目的呢？一一他想找份工作，一份能夠讓他養(yǎng)家糊口的工作。逗號(hào)后面有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但所有選項(xiàng)都不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故判 斷為同位語(yǔ)one后的定語(yǔ)從句，選 D?？键c(diǎn)：考查代詞用法。12. -Would you like some chicken?-Yes, pl

16、 ease. Its my favourite. I think _is more delicious tha n chicke n.D. everythingA. anythingB. somethingC. nothing【答案】C【解析】考查代詞。句意：-你要雞肉嗎？-是的-。這是我的最愛。我想雞肉是最好吃的食物。否定代詞加比較級(jí)構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，故選Co13. I got them a grand piano because they like _ hen I come home and play for them .A. oneB. itC. this【答案】D. thatB?！窘馕觥孔?。

17、此處it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面【名師點(diǎn)睛】考查it的用法。我給他們買來一架大鋼琴，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g我回家的時(shí)候?yàn)樗麄冄?when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。故選英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的賓語(yǔ)從句通常用 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，再 跟 when/if 等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。I hate it when talk with their mouth full of food. 本題就是考查Boit的這種用法。我給他們買來一架大鋼琴，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g我回家的時(shí)候?yàn)樗麄冄葑?。此?it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。故選14. - “ Lady GaGa

18、” is a real lege nd!of the sin gersD. no oneAbsolutely. She is a big hit in the sales of her albums. In additi on, _ around the world can match her in unique taste in haircuts and clothes. A. nothingB. noneC. no body【答案】B【解析】none三者以上都不,世界上所有的歌手在發(fā)型和穿著的獨(dú)特品位上不能與她相比, nothing 常回答 what ,nobody no one ?；卮?

19、who。15. How much salt did you put in the soup?一 Oh, sorry! . I forgot.A. LittleB.Nothi ngC. None【答案】D.FewA. Little少許；B. Nothing無事，無物；C. None沒有任何東西；D. Few很【解析】 考查不定代詞。Co少。上句：你在湯里放了多少鹽？下句：我忘了放鹽。也就是一點(diǎn)也沒有，故選16. I won der how ofte n you will clea n up your room by yourself.other day.B. EveryA. In【答案】B【解析

20、】C. ForD. Each【詳解】考查代詞和介詞詞義辨析。句意:我想知道你多久打掃一次自個(gè)的房間?每隔一天。A. In在某一點(diǎn)，在之內(nèi)；B. Every每一，每個(gè)，每一次；C. For關(guān)于，給，代表； D.Each （兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物中）每個(gè)。 every，每隔，every other day每隔一天。故選Bo【點(diǎn)睛】每隔”的表達(dá)方法：1“evei基數(shù)詞（大于或等于 2） +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”意思是 每”例如：We hand in our homework every three days. 我們每三天 /每隔兩天交一次作業(yè)。2“every+數(shù)詞（大于或等于 2） +單數(shù)名詞”意思是 每”例如

21、：The Olympic Games are held every fourth year.奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)每四年 /每隔三年舉辦一次。3“ every othe基數(shù)詞（大于或等于2） +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”意思是 每隔”例如：I had to sit down and rest every other four minutes. 我每隔 4 分鐘就得坐下休息。4“ every othe零基數(shù)詞（等于1） +單數(shù)名詞”意思是 每隔”例如：Take this medicine every other day.這藥每?jī)商?/每隔一天服一次。5“ every feW+數(shù)名詞”意思是 每隔幾”例如：He came

22、 to see me every few days.他每隔幾天來看我一次。17. Susta in able deve lopment is all about creat ing better health care, educati on, hous ing and imp roved sta ndard of live for every one, which is a simple idea, is hard to put into p ractice.A. oneB. the oneC. one thatD. that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】one考查同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：可

23、持續(xù)發(fā)展就是要為每個(gè)人創(chuàng)造更好的醫(yī)療、教育、 住房和提高生活水平，這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的想法，但很難付諸實(shí)踐。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，作a simple idea的同位語(yǔ)，而one后是由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，that指代先行詞one在定 語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故 C項(xiàng)正確。18. Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization,helping survivors of drug and alcoholaddict ion, viole nee and other horrible exp erie nces.D. whichA. oneB. the oneC. th

24、at【答案】A【解析】【詳解】C或者D19. I d appreciateA. that考查代詞。句意：這家店的背后是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織，一個(gè)幫助吸毒、酗酒、暴力和其他 可怕經(jīng)歷的幸存者的組織。后文中沒有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故不屬于定語(yǔ)從句，不能選擇 選項(xiàng)。且設(shè)空處做 organization的同位語(yǔ)，表泛指，故不加冠詞 the，排除B選項(xiàng)。故綜上 選A。if you would like to teach me how to use this compu ter.D. itB. thisC. you【答案】D【解析】【詳解】it是形考查it做形式賓語(yǔ)。句意：如果你能教我如何使用這臺(tái)電腦，我將不勝感激。此

25、處式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的從句。固定句式：I would appreciate it if.,如果，我將不勝感激”。故選D項(xiàng)。20. Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to of Earth.A. themB. theseC. those【答案】D. ones【解析】【詳解】考查代詞的指代。句意：天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了三個(gè)在大小和溫度方面與地球相似的星球。根據(jù)句意可知此處是三個(gè)星球的大小和溫度與地球的大小和溫度相似，因此空白處應(yīng)該是代指復(fù)數(shù)名詞 sizes and te

26、mperatures。those代指上文中的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故選【點(diǎn)睛】Coone, ones, that, those 與 it 的區(qū)分1.one指代上文提到的單數(shù)人的人或物，指同一類中的一個(gè)”表示泛指意義：即：a/an十單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；ones則代指可數(shù)名詞，表泛指意義。The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.(one=a problem )2.that指上文出現(xiàn)的名詞，表示同類的東西，一般不指人，既可指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，又可指代不 可數(shù)名詞，常要求有后置定語(yǔ)修飾，表特指。The weather of t

27、his week is worse tha n that of last week.(that=the weather)3.those用來代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，常要求有后置定語(yǔ)，表示特指，即the+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。The stude nts in Class one are more tha n those in Class Two.(those=the stude nts)4.it指上文提到的同一事物，與前面名詞是同一物。Is this book yours, I want to use it.(it=your book)在本題中，此處是三個(gè)星球的大小和溫度與地球的大小和溫度相似，代指的內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)

28、名 詞sizes and temperatures，且表特指地球上大小和溫度，故應(yīng)用thoseo21. I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but foundA. no oneB. noneC. nothing【答案】B【解析】D. anything考查代詞。A. no one沒有人，指人，通常用 who提問；B. none沒有人，一個(gè)也沒有,none是表示數(shù)量上的沒有，通常用how many提問；C. nothing無物，指物，通常用

29、what提問；D. anything任何事。句意：我轉(zhuǎn)向書店和圖書館尋找他演講中提到的那本書的信息，但什么也沒找到。此處指數(shù)量上一個(gè)也沒有，故選Bo22. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.B. thisC. thatD. himA. it【答案】A解析】 【詳解】考查形式賓語(yǔ) it 。句意：該官員明確表示，他將竭盡所能解決問題。固定結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)是：23I hatemake it clear that+ 陳述句。 it 在此是形式賓語(yǔ)，從句 he would do ev

30、erything possible to solve the problem 是真正的賓語(yǔ)。故選 A。when people talk with their mouths full.Ait 【答案】 A【解析】B thatC theseD them【詳解】考查it特殊用法。It作為無所指It,經(jīng)常放在hate, appreciate , make,get等的后面構(gòu)成固定 句型。如 I made it 我成功了。 I got it 我明白了！句意：我抬眼人們嘴里塞的滿滿的說話。故 A 正確。24 Devotion is a kind of quality, your friends.A that

31、【答案】 Cyou should have if you want to get along well withBitConeD what解析】詳解】考查代詞。句意：奉獻(xiàn)是一種品質(zhì)，如果你想和你的朋友相處得好，你應(yīng)該擁有這種品質(zhì)。根據(jù)上下文可知這里指代上文的a kind of quality，用one泛指作a kind of quality的同位語(yǔ)， it 是同類同物， that 特指上文的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞， what 引導(dǎo)從句。故選C。25 -The news came _the film directed by Peter won an award.-When was that?w

32、as in 2018he was still in college.Bthat; That; that.A when ;That ;that.C that; It; that.【答案】 DDthat; It ;when.解析】【詳解】考查連接詞、代詞和定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：有消息說彼得導(dǎo)演的那部電影獲獎(jiǎng)了。什么時(shí)候的事？ 那是在 2018 年，當(dāng)時(shí)他還在上大學(xué)。第一空為同為語(yǔ)從句修飾 news，且從句中不缺少成分，故用that ;第二空指代上文 彼得導(dǎo)演的那部電影獲獎(jiǎng)”這件事用代詞it ;第三空為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞2018，且先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞when。綜上，故選 D。【點(diǎn)

33、睛】定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞的選擇可考慮以下三點(diǎn)：(如指物時(shí)不能用(1) 一看先行詞的意義，即分清先行詞是指人、指物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是原因who 或 whom ，指人時(shí)通常不用 which 等 )(2) 二看關(guān)系詞的句法功能，即分清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)、是作 定語(yǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)等(如作定語(yǔ)通常用 whose，有時(shí)也用 which ；作狀語(yǔ)要用 when, where, why)（如 that 和 why(3)三看定語(yǔ)從句的種類，即分清是限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 )26The mother saw her baby fall to the ground, brought her heart to her mouth.A itBand thatCand whichDthat【答案】