初中時間狀語從句語法及練習_第1頁
初中時間狀語從句語法及練習_第2頁
初中時間狀語從句語法及練習_第3頁
初中時間狀語從句語法及練習_第4頁
免費預覽已結束,剩余1頁可下載查看

下載本文檔

版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領

文檔簡介

1、英語時間狀語從句講解 (一) when, while 和 as 引導時間狀語從句的用法 一、when 的用法 如果只從現(xiàn)象來看, when 從句用的最多的是一般過去時,而主句的時態(tài)沒有限制 , 根據(jù)具體情況而定。 1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 3. Were you writi ng whe n the teacher came in?老師進來的時候,你在寫信嗎? 4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 對不起,你打電話來的時候我出去了。 when 從句的重點不在動作

2、本身發(fā)生的狀態(tài),而只是把它作為一個時間點,所以 when 多數(shù)情況下用的是一般過去時,則不用正在進行時。因為如果用正在進行時,它 表示的就是一段時間而不是一個時間點了。根據(jù)這一點,有的文章補充說: when 從句 的動詞大多是瞬時動詞。這種說法也可以參照。 實際上, when 從句也可以有其它的時態(tài),但幾乎也不用進行時,因為它也只是作 為一個時間參照點。例如: 2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good

3、 one already? 二、while的用法 相比于 when 來說, while 從句的側重點就不一樣了。 while 從句的側重點在于描 述動作正在發(fā)生的狀態(tài),它的意思是:當 while 事件正在發(fā)生的時候,另一件事如何如 何。所以, while 從句一般用的是正在進行時。而另一件事的狀態(tài)沒有硬性的要求,根 據(jù)具體情況而定。例如: 1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 3. Whi

4、le they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他們談話的時候,上課鈴響了。 從時間的角度來看, while 表示的是一段時間, 是一個過程。這是 while 的側重點。 因此,如果含有 “一段時間 ”的含義的時候,就可以用 while。 6. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。 這句話中,是說趁著鐵是熱的這段時間,趕緊打鐵。如果換成 when 意思就變了, 相當于說鐵只熱了一下,打一下,然后鐵就冷了。這顯然不符合文意。 再例: Im going to the post office. While youre there, ca

5、n you get me some stamps? 三、as 的用法 as 從句表示的也是一件事情正在發(fā)生,另一件事也正在進行當中。但與 while 從 句不同的是, as 從句用的一般不用正在進行時,而只是一般過去時。 as 從句一般可以 翻譯成邊邊”。例如: 1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 2. The stude nts took n otes as they liste nec學生們邊聽課邊做筆記。 3. As we talked on, he got more and more exci

6、ted. as 表達的事件, 往往只是主句動作發(fā)生的背景或條件時, as 只是一個次要的時間說 明,不像 while 從句有強調 while 動作本身的意思。因此, as 常常翻譯成 “隨著” 之意。 例如: 1. As the time went on, the weather got worse. 隨著時間的推移,氣候更加糟糕。 2. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 3. As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer. 少數(shù)情況下,如果

7、強調動作正在發(fā)生, as 從句也可以用正在進行時。這只能算是 特例了。 1. The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she was crying. 2. As we were going out, it began to snow. 正當我們出門時,雪開始下起來。 3. He came in as I was going to bed.我正要上床睡覺,他進來了。 四、when, while, as 的互換 如果從句動作和主句動作同時發(fā)生,并且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時, when, while, as 可以互換使用。 1. When /Wh

8、ile /As we were dancing, a stranger came in. dance 為延續(xù)性動詞 2. Whe n /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writ ing a letter. make為延續(xù) 五、比較 while, when, as 1)as, when 引導短暫性動作的動詞。 例如: Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2)當從句的動作發(fā)生于主句動作之前,只能用when 引導這個從句,不可用 as 或 whil

9、e。例如: When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3)從句表示 隨時間推移”連詞能用as,不用when或while。 例如: As the day went on, the weather got worse. (二)before 和 after 引導的時間狀語從句 1. Before是主句動作發(fā)生在從句的前面。注意before引導的從句不再用否定式的謂語, 并且當 before 引導的從句位于主句之后,有時譯成“就,才” 。還要注意主句和從句 之間的時間關系。當主句用將來時,從句總是用現(xiàn)在時;如果before引導的從句謂

10、 語用的是過去時,則主句動詞多用過去完成時,這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作發(fā)生的先后。 2. After 表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關系正好與 before引導的從句相反。例如: It will be four days before they come back. 他們要過四天才能回來。 After we had finished the work, we went home.(從句用過去完成時,主句用一般過去時) (三)比較 until 和 till 的用法 此兩個連詞意義相同??隙ㄐ问奖硎镜囊馑际?“做某事直至某時 ”,動詞必須是延續(xù) 性的。否定形式表達的意思是 “直至某時

11、才做某事 ”。動詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。 正確使用這兩個連詞的關鍵之一就在于判斷句中的動詞該用肯定式還是否定式。 肯定句: I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜時醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等著我叫你。 (在肯定句中可用 before 代替。例如:Lets get in the wheat before the sun sets. 否定句: She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她直到 6 點才到。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。 (四

12、)區(qū)別: 1) until 可用于句首,而 till 通常不用于句首。 例如: Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 3)until when 疑問句中, until 要放在句首。例如: -Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么時候? - Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。 注意:否定句可用另外兩種句式表示。 4)Not until 在句首,主句用倒裝。 例如: Not until the early years of the 19th century did man kno

13、w what heat is. Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 5) It is not untilthat . 例如:It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. (四) 巧辨 before 和 until 在日常英語教學中,我們遇到學生問這樣的一些問題: 1. He will spend six hours at his deskhe finishes his compositio

14、n. A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when 2. The bike hit the treeI could get off. A.whenB.beforeC.whileD.until 3.I knocked at the door for more than five minutesMrs white answered it. A.untilB.whenC.afterD.before 4.It wasyesterdaybethe secret. A.not until;that;knewB.until;when;knew C.not before;that;foundD.b

15、efore;that;didnt find 怎樣才能清楚地解釋其選擇的原因,這就涉及到until與before的區(qū)別問題。 實際上,只要我們把握住兩者使用時本身的含義及主句動詞是終止性的,還是延續(xù) 性的,肯定式,還是否定式兩大點,就能容易地解決這類問題?,F(xiàn)詳細闡明如下: 一、 在下列情況下,兩者可互換用,但含義略有不同。before表示 在 之前”的 意思,強 調時間先后關系; 而 until 表示“直到 才”的意思, 主句是肯定句則表示 主句動作的終止時間;主句是否定句則強調主句動作的起始時間。 1. 主句為否定式終止性謂語動詞。常見的動詞是open,start,leave,arrive,f

16、inish, stop等。例如: (1) The noise of the street didnt stop until/before it was midnight. (2) The children wont come back until/before it is dark. (3) I didnt leave the lovely boy until/before his mother came home. 2. 主句為肯定式、延續(xù)性謂語詞,這類動詞用sta nd,stay,talk,be,wait等。例如: (1) He lived with his parents until/b

17、efore he graduated from school. (2) I will wait until/before he comes to my help. (3) I shall stay heer until/before you come back. 二、在下列情況下,用 before 不用 until。 1. 主句這肯定式、終止性謂語動詞,只用before。例: (1) He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes. (2) We arrived there before it atarted to rain. 2. 主句謂

18、語動詞強調動詞的遲緩性,只用before,常伴有時間段狀語或時間段暗 示。例: (1) It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all. (2) We had walked a long way before we found some water. 3. 如果強調從句謂語動作未發(fā)生,就發(fā)生主句謂語動作,只用beforeo常譯為朱 及”不”或不等就”例: (1) We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot. (2) I must write it down

19、 before I forget it. (3) We do want to buy something now before prices go up. 4. 表 與其說倒不如” 與其毋寧”只用before。例: (1)I would give up my job before Id agree to be dismissed. (2)He will die of hunger before he will steal. 5. 在某些特定句型中用before。例如: (1) It was not long before the whole country rose up. (2) It wi

20、ll probably not be long before they understand each other. 三、下列情況一般區(qū)別用 until 。 1. 主句是持續(xù)性謂語動詞時,肯定、否定都可以,但意義完全不同??隙ū韯幼?終止,而否定表動作開始。例如: (1) We discussed the problem until/before he came back. (2) We didnt discuss the problem until he came back. 2. notuntil句型盡管在某些情況下可與before互換用,但在強調句中一般仍用 until 。 (1) It

21、 was not until he told me that I knew it. (2) It was not until he finished his homework that he went home. 綜上所述,前面的 4條選擇題中,第 1、3題強調動作發(fā)生的遲緩性應選 before。 第2題表動作未及發(fā)生就發(fā)生主句動作也應選before。第4題為強調句應選A項。 (五) 其他時間狀語從句的用法 1. 由si nee引導的時間狀語從句。 since 引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞,又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下, 從句謂語動詞用一般過去時,而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在I

22、t is +時間+ since 從句的句型中,主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如: I have been in Beijing since you left. 自從你離開以來,我一直在北京了。 It is five mon ths since our boss was in Beiji ng 我們老板離開北京有五個月了。 知識擴展 1. It is si nee從。以來多長時間了(因為since +從句或名詞,表示一段時間) It is five years since we met last time從 我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了。 2. It is +before(。才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again. It was an hour b

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論