《管理學(xué)》（第11版）課件：ppt09a

1、Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-1 Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-2 Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulte

2、r2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-3 環(huán)境評估技術(shù) 環(huán)境掃描：對各種相關(guān)信息進行大范圍掃描，以預(yù)測和解讀環(huán)境變化 競爭者情報：一種環(huán)境掃描活動，指的是組織收集關(guān)于競爭對手們的信息Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-4 預(yù)測技術(shù) 預(yù)測：對未來結(jié)果的預(yù)報 定量預(yù)測：運用一套數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)則來分析一系列以往數(shù)據(jù)，以預(yù)測未來結(jié)果 定性預(yù)測：使用知識

3、淵博、經(jīng)驗豐富的人員的判斷和觀點來預(yù)測未來結(jié)果Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-5 圖表1 （245頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-6 圖表1 （續(xù)）Management, Eleventh Edi

4、tion by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-7 標桿比較 標桿比較：探求競爭對手或非競爭對手的那些給他們帶來非凡績效的最佳實踐Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-8 圖表2 （247頁） Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephe

5、n P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-9 資源配置技術(shù) 資源：組織的資產(chǎn)，包括財務(wù)資產(chǎn)、物質(zhì)資產(chǎn)、人力資產(chǎn)、無形資產(chǎn)，以及結(jié)構(gòu)文化資產(chǎn)。 預(yù)算：關(guān)于如何為各種具體活動分配資源的數(shù)字方案Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-10 圖表3（248頁）Management, Eleventh

6、Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-11 圖表4 （248頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-12 排程 排程：詳細規(guī)定哪些活動必須完成、完成這些活動的順序、誰來完成每項活動以及何時完成每項活動，從而為這些活動分配資源。 甘特圖：由亨利甘特開發(fā)的

7、一種排程圖表，能夠顯示一段時期內(nèi)的計劃產(chǎn)出和實際產(chǎn)出。Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-13 圖表5 （249頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-14 排程（續(xù)） 負荷圖：一種改進的甘特圖，能夠?qū)λ胁?/p>

8、門或具體資源的產(chǎn)能進行排程Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-15 圖表6 （250頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-16 排程（續(xù)） PERT網(wǎng)絡(luò)：一種流程圖形狀的圖表，用來描述某個項目所必需的各項活

9、動的先后順序以及與每項活動有關(guān)的時間或成本 事件：一個節(jié)點，代表PERT網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的一項主要活動得以完成 活動：代表從一個事件進展到另一個事件所需的時間或資源Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-17 排程（續(xù)） 松弛時間：單個活動在不耽擱整個項目的情況下可以推遲完成的時間量 關(guān)鍵路徑：PERT網(wǎng)絡(luò)中最長或最耗時的事件和活動順序Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen

10、P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-18 圖表7 （251頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-19 圖表7 （續(xù)）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Educati

11、on, Inc. All rights reserved9A-20 圖表8 （251頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-21 圖表9 （251頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-22 盈虧平衡分析 盈

12、虧平衡分析：一種可以幫助管理者確定盈虧平衡點的技術(shù)Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-23 圖表10 （253頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-24 線性規(guī)劃 線性規(guī)劃：一種用來解決資源配置問題的數(shù)學(xué)技

13、術(shù)Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-25 圖表11 （254頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-26 圖表12 （254頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen

14、 P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-27 項目計劃技術(shù) 項目：一組一次性的、具有明確起始時間的活動。 項目管理：使某個項目的活動在預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)按照有關(guān)規(guī)范準時完成 腳本：對未來可能會怎樣的一種一貫看法Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved9A-28 圖表13 （256頁）Management, Eleventh Edition by Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights re