冠詞考點分析(2016廣東專版)

1、冠詞一冠詞的概念，分類及作用二不定冠詞的用法（考點）：1指人或事物的某一類，這是不定冠詞的基本用法A car rans faster than a truck.小汽車比卡車跑得快。2表示數(shù)量“一個”，但一般不能與one互換Rome was not built in a day.3用在人名或星期前，表示“某一”， 相當于a certainA Mr. Li is waiting for you outside.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left the city. I only remember it was a Monday.4. 用于

2、人名、地名、書名之前，表示所提及的人或物與專有名詞所指的人或物具有相同的性質He is a Shakespeare in his dramatic skill.在戲劇技巧方面他可以說是莎翁再世。Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.5. 用在一些專有名詞和一些本身前面要用定冠詞的名詞前表示某個時期或具有某種特征的人或物。此時，專有名詞常有前置修飾性定語。The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all

3、 walks of life are working hard for a new Jiangsu.She is now a different Miss Nancy from what she was when she was my neighbor.她現(xiàn)在已不是與我為鄰居時的那個南希小姐了。6用于表示次數(shù)、速度、價格等意義的名詞前，表示“每一”He goes home to see his parents once a month.他每月回家一次去看父母。He can earn five yuan an hour in the shop.他在這家商店每小時掙五元錢。7.表示三餐的名詞前有形

4、容詞修飾時，用不定冠詞I only want a small supper because of cold.由于感冒晚飯我只想吃一點東西。People usually have quite a good dinner on festivals.人們在過節(jié)時通常會吃一頓豐盛的大餐8有時在序數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞，表示“再次”“又一個”She invited him to come to the party a second time.她再次邀請他來參加聚會。9有些物質名詞(tea, beer, rain)以及抽象名詞(help, honour, surprise, success, failure)具

5、體化時，可用不定冠詞They were caught in a heavy rain. Its a great pleasure to have a talk with you.He is a success as a writer. 他作為作家是成功的。10不定冠詞還可以用于“a mostadj.n.”結構，注意在句中沒有表示可比較的范圍狀語，這時“most”相當于“very”Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city and Ill come for a second time.廈門是個非常美麗的海濱城市，我還要再來一次。11不定冠詞還可以用于“a比較級

6、名詞”結構，與否定詞連用時，表示“從來沒有比這更”，具有最高級含義I have never spent a more worrying day.我從未度過這樣煩人的一天。12用于短語搭配中(1)“have/takea(n)與動詞同形的名詞”，表示動作的一次。have/take a rest休息一會兒；have/take a look看一下；have/take a bath洗個澡。(2)“go out for a(n)名詞”，表示從事某項活動。go out for an outing去郊游；go out for a picnic去野餐。(3)習慣搭配中。come to an end結束；drop

7、 sb. a line給某人寫信；at a disadvantage處于不利地位；in a way從一方面說；in a word總之；in a sense就某種意義來說；on a diet吃特定食物；with a view to為了，鑒于。注意： a, an 的選擇1. Mr. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who is _ girl for painting she has won two nation prizes.A. a; aB. an; theC. an; aD. the; a2. Susan, _ university student from

8、Europe, teaches me _ art in her spare time.A. an; /B. a; theC. a; /D. an; the3. A little boy wrote _ “U” and _ “n” on the wall.A. a; anB. an; aC. an; anD. a; a4. Now he is _ artist. I have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; anB. a; aC. an; anD. an; a5. The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped hou

9、se near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the; /B. an; theC. /; theD. an; a 6. The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers _ hour. The trip from Shanghai to Beijing only takes 10 hours now. A. aB. anC. theD. /三定冠詞的用法（考點）：1特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，這是定冠詞的基本用法The books on the desk w

10、ere published last month.The factory I mentioned has installed a new assembly line.我提到的那家工廠已經安裝了一條新的裝配線。We were all lost in the beauty of nature.2再次提到前面已出現(xiàn)的人或事物，表示特指He told us a story，but I was not interested in the story.3指談話雙方彼此都知道的人或事物We went to the station to see the manager off.4用在某些可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，用來指

11、事物的整體(總稱)與其他事物的區(qū)別The telephone was invented by Bell.The elephant is much stronger than the horse.5用在表示某國人的名詞前the Chinese中國人；the French法國人；the English英國人；the Spanish西班牙人；the Dutch荷蘭人；the Irish愛爾蘭人；the Swiss瑞士人；the Japanese日本人。6某些形容詞或分詞前加定冠詞the表示一類人(表示復數(shù))the homeless無家可歸的人；the rich富人；the poor窮人；the bl

12、ind盲人；the old老年人；the young年輕人；the strong強者；the weak弱者；the sick病人；the wounded傷者。7在序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the(有時在序數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞，表示“再次”“又一”)She lives on the twelfth floor.她住在十二樓。8在形容詞最高級及形容詞only(唯一的)，very(正是那個)，same(同樣的)等前加定冠詞theThis is the most interesting film I have ever seen.He must be the only student who has ever b

13、een to the city in our class.Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.9在表示一些獨一無二的東西的名詞前要用定冠詞thethe earth地球；the moon月亮；the sun太陽；the sky天空；the universe宇宙；the world世界；the air空中；the ground地面。10用在“by + the+單位名詞”結構中, 表示 “以單位計”The apples are sold by the kilo. 這些蘋果按公斤賣。The workers are paid by the hour. 這些

14、工人的工資是按小時計算的。The boat is hired by the hour. 小船按小時出租。11在表示方位、方向的名詞前用定冠詞thein the east/south/west/north在東/南/西/北方；on the right/left在右/左邊。12在表江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠、海峽、海灣等專有名詞前，要用定冠詞the沙漠河流與群山，列島海峽與海灣, 階級黨派國家名，組織團體與機關江河海洋：the Changjiang River, the Suez Canal, the Pacific Ocean山脈群島：the Tianshan Mountains, the Al

15、ps, the Zhoushan Archipelago （舟山群島）海峽海灣：the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits國名：the United States, the United Kingdom, the Peoples Republic of China組織：the United Nations, the Ministry of Education, the No.2 Army Medical College建筑物：the National Gallery, the Peace Hotel, the Workers Gymnasium報紙、期刊：T

16、he Washington Post, the Daily Mail但：街道、廣場、公園、車站機場、橋梁、大學等一般不用定冠詞。（可以概括為“城市設施”類。）街道：Nanjing Road, Fleet Street廣場：Tiananmen Square, Times Square公園：Beihai Park, Hyde Park車站、機場、橋梁：Paddington Station, Kennedy Airport, Golden Gate Bridge大學：Qinghua University, Yale University13用在年代、朝代、時代名詞前in the Tang Dynas

17、ty唐朝，in the 20th century， in the 1870s 在19世紀70年代14樂器名稱前用定冠詞theShe plays the piano best in her class.15在姓氏的復數(shù)形式前加定冠詞the表示“一家”the Browns布朗一家；the Lis姓李的一家。16在“動詞(hit/ strike /pull /seize /lead /catch)sb.介詞the表身體部位的名詞”的固定結構中hit sb. in the face打某人的臉；take sb. by the arm/hand抓住某人的胳膊/手；pat sb. on the should

18、er拍某人的肩；hit sb. on the head打某人的頭。The stone hit him in the face. 石頭打在他的臉上。I hit Tom on the nose/ head. 我打在湯姆的鼻子上/頭上。He struck the thief in the face. 他打在那個賊的臉上。 She led the cow by the nose. 她牽著牛鼻子。I seized her by the hand/hair. 我抓著她的手/頭發(fā)。17在短語搭配中in the end最后；come to the point談到正題；on the contrary相反；in

19、the morning在早晨；in the distance在遠處；in the water在水中；on the subject of關于的主題；on the air在廣播四零冠詞的用法（考點）：1可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)表示泛指時，以及抽象名詞和物質名詞表示一般概念時，通常不用冠詞Computers are very useful.Failure is the mother of success.Knowledge is power.2三餐、球類運動、娛樂名稱、節(jié)日、星期、月份和日期前一般不用冠詞play football/basketball/volleyball踢足球/打籃球/打排球；play ch

20、ess/cards下棋/打牌；New Years Day元旦 注意：1. 中國節(jié)日，如：the Mid-Autumn Festival , the Spring Festival，the Dragon Boat Festival, the Lantern Festival等前要用冠詞。He had nothing for breakfast this morning.他今天早上沒有吃早飯。Spring comes after winter.冬去春來。3. 稱呼語或表示頭銜、職務的名詞，在作補語、同位語時, 不加冠詞，作主語時要加the We elected him president of o

21、ur university.我們選舉他為我們大學的校長。He was elected president of the USA in 1920. The Vice-president was murdered.4學科、語言、大部分疾病名稱不用冠詞I think physics is more interesting than maths.Cancer is a terrible disease.5. 在一些成對出現(xiàn)的短語中，如：day and night, young and old等，名詞前不用冠詞 常見的有：arm in arm, hand in hand, day after day,

22、from door to door, from beginning to end, from morning till night等。She did experiment after experiment. 她做了一個又一個實驗。English learners, old and young, gather at regular time to practice their spoken English.英語學習者，老老少少會定期聚在一起練習口語。6在turn(作“變成”解)后作表語的名詞前，不用冠詞He has turned doctor.7在as，though引導的倒裝分句中，名詞前不用冠

23、詞Child as/though Tom is，you cant fool him.雖然湯姆是個孩子，但你不能欺騙他。8在專有名詞(洲名、人名、城市名、街道名、港口名、航空站名、火車站名、公園名及院校名)之前，一般不用冠詞Asia亞洲；Mary瑪麗；Shanghai上海；Wall Street華爾街；Pearl Harbor珍珠港；Beihai Park北海公園；Beijing University北京大學。9. by+名詞表示交通方式時，名詞前不要冠詞，名詞也不用復數(shù)by car，by bus，by bike，by train，by air，by sea（但by turns用復數(shù)）注意：by

24、 car = in a car by bus/ train = on a bus/train10在一些固定短語中，名詞前不用冠詞at night在夜里；at home在家；day after day日復一日；by telephone打電話；in danger在危險中；on purpose故意地。注意：有無定冠詞詞義不同的短語(1) sit at table 吃飯sit at the table 在桌旁(2) be in charge of 負責be in the charge of 由負責(3) in possession of 擁有in the possession of 為所有 (4) i

25、n control of 控制著in the control of sb. 在某人的控制之下(5) take place 發(fā)生take the place of 代替(6) It is out of question. 那是毫無疑問的。 It is out of the question. 那是根本不可能的。(7) on the whole 大體上; 一般地as a whole 全班的; 整體的 (8) a most important meeting一個很重要的會議 the most important meeting 最重要的會議(9) a third time 又一次the third

26、time第三次(10) at a distance 稍遠些in the distance 在遠處(11) a number of一些, 許多the number of 的數(shù)目(12) for a moment 一會兒for the moment 目前; 暫時(13) in hospital/prison 住院/住監(jiān)（表概念）in the hospital/prison 在醫(yī)院/監(jiān)獄里（表地點）(14) go to school /church 上學/做禮拜（表概念） go to the school /church到學校/教堂去（表地點）(15) on earth 究竟 on the eart

27、h在地球上(16) in front of 在 (外部的)前面 in the front of 在 (內部的)前面(17) two of us 我們當中的兩人 the two of us 我們兩人 (共計兩人)(18) by sea 乘船, 從海路by the sea 在海邊(19) in a way 某種程度上in the way 擋路72015年高考題一、單項填空12015四川卷 Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.Aa Ban Cthe D不填2. 2015陜西卷 _more learn

28、ed a man is，_more modest he usually becomes.A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a D. A; the 32015浙江卷 Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _ way.Aa; / Bthe；the C/; the Da；the4. 2015重慶卷 I just heard_ bank where Dora works was robbed by_

29、gunman wearing a mask. A. the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. a; the二、語法填空1.2015全國卷The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61._(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62._ most modern of architects and engineers.2.2015廣東卷 Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned _

30、16_ farm, which looked almost abandoned三、短文改錯1.【2015陜西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.2. 【2015浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. 3.【2015新課標全國II】A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a sho

31、p. 4.【2015新課標全國I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. 2014年高考試題一、單項填空1.【2014重慶卷】6. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. A. the; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; /2.【2014天津卷】8. Life is like _ ocean; Only _strong-willed can reach t

32、he other shore.A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a3.【2014江西卷】22. They chose Tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _smart leader.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 4.【2014陜西卷】19. _ village where I was born has grown into _ town.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a5.【2014

33、浙江卷】2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days _ week, often long into_night. A. a; the B. the;不填 C. a; a D.不填；the二、語法填空1.2014新課標全國卷Now, years later, this river is one of _63_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.2.2014廣東卷She apologized for the mistake and gave us a sp

34、are VIP room on _23_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.三、短文改錯1.2014新課標全國卷As result, the plants are growing everywhere.2.2014陜西卷That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!3.2014浙江卷The pe

35、rson who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.4.2014新課標全國卷There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. 5.2014四川卷Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.2013年高考試題12013福建卷 The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream o

36、f harmony, peace and development.A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the22013江西卷 Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; /32013山東卷 It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the;

37、 不填42013陜西卷 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century.Athe; a Ba; 不填 C不填； the Dthe; the52013新課標全國卷 Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and _ break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.Aa; a B. the; the C/; the Da; /62013新

38、課標全國卷 India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle.A./; a B. the; aC. an; / D. an; the72013浙江卷 People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning. A. a; an B. a; / C. /; the D. the; an82013重慶卷 The parents were shocked b

39、y _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee.Aa; / Bthe; / Cthe; an Da; an2012年高考題【2012全國II】7. He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.A. the; the B. /; a C. the; a D. a; /【2012四川卷】18. We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new dis

40、coveries and great changes.A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a 【2012江西卷】21The Smiths dont usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.A/; aBthe; theC/; theDthe; a【2012浙江卷】2. The development of industry has been_ gradual process throughout _ human

41、existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填, theB. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a【2012安徽卷】21. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the 【2012重慶卷】24.Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. A. /,/ B. the,/ C the the D./, the【2012遼寧卷】21. I woke up w