小學(xué)英語知識點總結(jié)

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx小學(xué)英語知識點總結(jié)【精品文檔】I. 可數(shù)名詞 名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞兩部分。其中，可數(shù)名詞是表示能夠計算的人或物的名稱，他們通常有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)的形式。 單數(shù)通常用a,an或者是one來表示。an用在元音字母的前面。如：a desk, an apple, one boy. 可數(shù)名詞的變化規(guī)則1、 直接在單詞的后面加-s.photo-photos book-books egg-eggs student-students pen-pensvillage-villages cloud-clouds flower-flowershand-hands map-maps g

2、irl-girls2、 如果單詞以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾，通常要在單詞后面加-es.bus-buses class-classes box-box dress-dresses peach-peacheswatch-watches fish-fishes 3、 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞要把y變?yōu)閕，再加-es.如果y的前面是元音字母，則直接加上-s.family-families story-stories baby-babies day-days toy-toys boy-boys4、 以f,fe結(jié)尾的單詞，要把f,fe變?yōu)関，再加-es.knife-knives wolf-wolves

3、shelf-shelves 5、 以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，如果不是外來詞或縮寫，就加-es，否則加-s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。 （有生命的加es，無生命的加s）potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes radio-radios photo-photos piano-pianos zoo-zoos 6、 一些特殊的不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。goose-geese foot-feet tooth-teeth woman-women man-men sheep-sheep fish-fish deer-deer people-people child-childrenmouse-m

4、ice7、 有些名詞是通常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的，如：shoes, pants, boots, glasses等。1II.不可數(shù)名詞1. 一般來說，不可數(shù)名詞主要是以物質(zhì)名詞與抽象名詞為主。它們通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能與a ,an 連用。在表示“一”或“幾”的數(shù)量概念時，不可數(shù)名詞必須與相應(yīng)的量詞連用。如果時表示復(fù)數(shù)的數(shù)量關(guān)系時，則把量詞變化，不可數(shù)名詞不變。修飾不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量詞語有：some, any, much, a lot of, a little等。例如：a box of milk 一盒牛奶 some water 一些水 much food 大量的食物 a little time 一點時間

5、2. some 與 any 詞語辨析some與any都表示“一些”，但它們的用法不同。some用在肯定句中。而any用在否定句與一般疑問句中。同學(xué)們要特別注意的是：some還可以用在客氣請求的一般疑問句中。例子：I have some beautiful stamps.（肯定句） I dont have any beautiful stamps.（否定句） Do you have any beautiful stamps?（一般疑問句） A: Can I have any some bananas? B: Sure.（客氣請求的一般疑問句）3. many ,a lot of ,much 詞語辨

6、析many ,a lot of ,much ,這三個詞都是表示“許多”。many是用來修飾可數(shù)名詞, much用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，a lot of則用來修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。例子：Peter has many friends .（可數(shù)名詞的前面） Peter has much food for his birthday party. （不可數(shù)名詞的前面）Peter has a lot of friends. （可數(shù)名詞的前面）Peter has a lot of food for his birthday party. （不可數(shù)名詞的前面） 不可數(shù)名詞的歸類1、 表示液體：water, jui

7、ce, milk, coffee, coke2、表示自然現(xiàn)象：snow, rain, ice3、表示食品類：rice, jam, honey, meat, bread, mutton, beef, tofu, eggplant, pork, chicken, fish, food4、其它類：newspaper, news, homework, housework21.給出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。orange class text monkey piano child shelf bed baby country family toy foot Japanese radio photo army t

8、omato fox woman knife sheep pen egg student girl zoo wife story man boy people 2.選擇填空1）There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2）This kind of car made in China.A. is B .are C .were D .has3）Thats art book.A. an B. a C. the D are4）The boys have

9、 got already.A. two breadB.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread5）The old man wants .A.six boxes of apples B.six boxes of apple C.six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7）There some in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8）There two in the box.A. is watch B.

10、are watches C. are watch D. is watches9）We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth3watch child photo diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice_water milk rice tea deer people tomato leaf puppy box knife fox b

11、us bench brush kiss church dish ruler peach glass pencil boy zoo man roof sheep knife lady key story watch horse city family day apple eraser speech thief mouse fish goose people ox Chinese deer foot child tooth guy hero spy boss monkey city goat radio potato dog orange class text monkey piano child

12、 shelf bed baby country family toy foot Japanese radio photo armytomato fox woman knife sheep pen egg student girl zoo wife story man boy people 4be動詞：be動詞有三兄弟：is，am, are 。I(我)用am, you(你)用are, is跟著he(他) she(她) it(它)，we(我們) you(你們)和they(他們)，復(fù)數(shù)（兩人以上）永遠(yuǎn)連著are. 解析: I am; You are; He is; She is; It is; We

13、 are; You are; They are.1.否定句只需要在be動詞后加 not,即:am not, is not=isntare not = arent2.一般疑問句只需要將be動詞提前至句首.即: Is .? Are .? 1)I _a student. 2) You _ a teacher.3)_she from Jinan? No, she _. 4) _you friends? No, we _. 5) He _ in Class 4, Grade 1. 6) It_ a car. 7) They _ cars. 8) _ your mother in China? 9) _y

14、our friends in New York? 10) What _her name? 11) These（這些） _ buses. 12) Those（那些） _oranges. 13) Where _ her mother? 14) How old _your teacher? 15) What class _ you in? 16)This _ my brother（哥哥、弟弟）.17)That _ a pencil. 18)Mike and I_ students.19)_ there an apple on the table（桌子）?Yes, there _.20)There_m

15、any books in the study.21)There_some ice cream in the fridge（冰箱）.22)There_a pear and some cakes on the table.23)The children_ playing in the bedroom.24)The rabbits_ eating grass.25) What_ your favorite subject（科目）?26) The girl_ drawing.27) I_ a letter（字母.）28. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.29.

16、The girl_ Jacks sister（姐姐、妹妹）.30. The dog _ tall and fat.31. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.32. _ your brother in the classroom（教室）?33. Where _ your mother ？ She _ at home.34. How _ your father?35. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.36. Whose dress _ this?37. Whose socks（襪子） _ they?38. That _ my red sk

17、irt.39. Who _ I? 40.The socks _ on the desk.41. Here _ a book for you.42. Here _ some sweaters（毛衣） for you.43. The black shoes（鞋子） _ for Su Yang.44. _ there any kites in the classroom?45. There _ some apples on the tree.46.Some tea _ in the glass.47. Gao Shans shirt _ over there.48. My sisters name

18、_Nancy.49. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil.50. _ David and Helen from England?51. There _ a girl in the room.5be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞do/does的用法區(qū)別及練習(xí)1. 由連系am，is，are構(gòu)成的句子： 變一般疑問句時把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用問號即可。 變否定句時直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑問句: Is he a student? 否定句: He is not a student. 畫線提問: 對h

19、e提問: Who is a student? 對 a student 提問: What is he? or What does he do? 2. 由情態(tài)動詞can, may, should等構(gòu)成的句子: 變一般疑問句時把can,may,提到句子的前面,句尾用問號即可. 變否定句時直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑問句: Can she swim? 否定句: She can not swim. 畫線提問: 對she提問: Who can swim? 對swim提問: What can she do? 3. 由行為動詞構(gòu)成的句子: 需要

20、加助詞do或does. 變一般疑問句時把do/does放在句子前面. 變否定句時把dont/doesnt放在動詞的前面。要注意觀察動詞的形式并對號入座。 一般疑問句和否定句的動詞三單式都要變回原型。 例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school. 一般疑問句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school? 否定句: They dont (do not) play football after sch

21、ool. He doesnt play football after school. 畫線提問: 對they/he提問: Who plays football after school? Who plays football after school? 對play football提問: What do they do after school? What does he do after school? 對after school提問: When do they play football? When does he play football?注意：1.在改疑問句時，遇到主語人稱是第一人稱

22、I、we的需要將人稱換成第二人稱you 2.在改疑問句和否定句中，遇到some和and，將其改為any和or.按要求改寫句子：1.I know the answer.(一般疑問句) _ _ _the answer? 2. We can see some birds.(一般疑問句) _ _ see _ birds?3.He designs clothes.(一般疑問句) _ he _ clothes? 4.There are some flowers on the teachers desk.(一般疑問句) _ _ _ flowers on the teachers desk? 5.There

23、are some apples on the tree.(否定句) There _ _ _ apples on the tree. 6.I think he is very old.(否定句) I _ think he _ very old. 7.Please colour it green.(否定句) _ _ colour it green. 8.These doctors are helpful.(變否定句) _ _ _ _. 9.You may have some hot dogs.(一般疑問句) _ _ _ _ _?. 11.This sign means “No smoking”.(

24、就劃線部分提問) What _ this sign _? 12.She looks young. （改一般疑問句） _ she _ young? 13.She is young.（改為一般疑問句） _ _ _? 14.My pencils are in the pencil-box.(對劃線部分提問) _ _ your pencils?15.I get up at six every day.(對劃線部分提問) _ _ _ you get up every day?16.They like to walk home.(改為一般疑問句) _ they _ _ _ _? 17. You shoul

25、d add water often.（一般疑問句） _ _ _ water often? 6一般疑問句一、什么是一般疑問句1.定義：用Yes或No作答的疑問句叫一般疑問句。2.特點：1、以be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞開頭； eg: Is your father a teacher? Does Catherine like animals? Can Jenny speak French? 2、往往讀升調(diào)； 3、譯成漢語，都可以帶上“嗎” eg: 上面三句可分別譯為：你父親是老師嗎？ 凱瑟琳喜歡動物嗎？ 詹妮會說法語嗎？二陳述句和一般疑問句間的轉(zhuǎn)換 要將陳述句變成一般疑問句，可以遵循下列步驟：1.看

26、句中有沒有be動詞（am、is、 are、 was、 were）助動詞（do、does、 did、 have、 had）或情態(tài)動詞（can、must、will、may等），如果有， 將其提到句首，句末打上問號即可。 eg: It was rainy yesterday. Was it rainy yesterday? Toms father can play the piano. Can Toms father play the piano? I have finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? 2.如果句中沒有be動詞、助

27、動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則根據(jù)謂語動詞的形式借助 do的相應(yīng)形式放在句首。具體方法是：如果謂語動詞是原形，則借do； 如果謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)形式，則借does；如果謂語動詞 是過去式，則借did. 需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的謂語動詞 要變回原形。 eg：They go to school by bike. Do they go to school by bike? Bill gets up at 6:30 every day. Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day? The students saw a film yesterday. D

28、id the students see a film yesterday? 陳述句變一般疑問句應(yīng)注意的事項 陳述句變成一般疑問句除了遵循上述規(guī)則以外，還應(yīng)注意下列幾點： 1.如果陳述句中有第一人稱，則變問句時最好要變?yōu)榈诙朔Q。 eg：I usually have lunch at school. Do you usually have lunch at school? My father is playing soccer. Is your father playing soccer? 2.如果陳述句中有some, 則變問句時往往要變成any 。 eg： There is some wate

29、r on the playground. Is there any water on the playground? 3.復(fù)合句變一般疑問句通常只變主句，從句不變。 eg：I know he comes from Canada. Do you know he comes from Canada? 7 由三部分（三個單詞）組成，對這三部分（三個單詞）的確定可以概括例下：1.第一個詞：不是Yes就是No。（有時根據(jù)語氣的不同，Yes可由Sure, Certainly, Of course等代替.NO可 由sorry 代替.）2.第二個詞：問誰答誰。即答語中的主語須與問句的主語一致（但必須用主 格代

30、詞）。 eg：Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does. Is Annas father a doctor? No，he isnt. 如果主語是 this that,回答時用 it 代替，如果問句中主語these, those, 回答時用 they 代替。 3.第三個詞：用什么問，用什么答。即沿用問句中的引導(dǎo)詞。 Can Jim play soccer? Yes, he can. Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does. 需要注意問題：（1）.用 may 引導(dǎo)的問句，肯定回答用may，否定回答 用

31、 cant 或mustnt 用 must 引導(dǎo)的問句，肯定回答用 must，否定回 答用neednt. eg：May I go to the park now? Yes, you may. /No, you mustnt. Must I wash my clothes now? Yes, you must. /No, you neednt. 4用No開頭作否定回答時,結(jié)尾要加上 not。因為回答必須是三部分， 所以否定回答必須縮寫，而肯定回答不能縮寫。 eg:Did Thomas come here yesterday? Yes, he did./ No ,he didnt. Is Lin L

32、in in Class 3? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.或（No, shes not）.83、英語句型變化總結(jié)練習(xí)1. Itisalovelydog. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 2. Sheislovelygirl. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 3. Heismyfather. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 4. TheyareLilyscousins. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 5. Weareclassmates. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 6.

33、Iamadoctor. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 7. Thereisabirdinthetree. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 8. Therearesomestarsinthesky. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 9. Theyaregoodfriends. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 10. Hisfathergoestoworkbybus. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 11. Iplaycomputergameseverynight. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否

34、定回答： 12. IliketoreadEnglish. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 13. Igotoschoolonfoot. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 14. Wehaveapleasanthome. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 15. Weliketoclimbthemountain. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 916. TheygotochurchonSunday. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 17. Theywalktoschooleverymorning. 否定句：_

35、 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 18. Thesecatsarecrying. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 19. Theycanswim. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 20. Youwillbeasinger. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 21. Hegoestoschooleveryday. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 22. HelikesEnglish. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 1、用dodoesbe填空 1_sheknowalltheanswers? Yes,she_.No,she_.2_thetwinsoftenfight? Yes,_do.No,_dont3_yourdadlikelisteningtomusic? Yes,_does.No,_doesnt.4_uncleTomwashhiscareveryday? Yes,_does.No,_doesnt.5_youhaveanewte