完整版新牛津譯林版8Bunit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)A

1、8Bunit 4 A good read 短語(yǔ)歸納1 do with 處理3. be interested in 對(duì).感興趣5 be tired out 筋疲力盡7. fall down 倒下9. stand up 站起來(lái)，起立11.all over 遍及13. talk to sb. 和某人交談15. hand in 上交17. fall over 摔倒19. ask for 請(qǐng)求(給予)21.on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)23. at a time 每次25. for example 例如27. the same as禾口一樣29. and so on 等等31. more than 超過(guò)，多于33

2、. publishing house 出版社35. be tied to the ground 被捆綁到地上37. get away 離開(kāi)二.重要句型2 . give sth. to sb.給某人某物4 . in ones spare time在某人空閑時(shí)間6by the time 到的時(shí)候8. wake up 醒來(lái)10. look down 向下看12. shout at sb 朝某人喊14. run away 逃跑16 so far 到目前為止18 at first 起初20. by the way 順便問(wèn)一下22 in the future 將來(lái)24. low long 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，多久2

3、6.look for 尋找28 an army of 一大群30. less than 不到，少于32 open up 開(kāi)啟，開(kāi)創(chuàng)34. translate. . . Into.把譯成36. sharewith.與分享38. different types of 不同類(lèi)型的1Have you decided what to do with these books,Hobo?(1) what to do with these books 是“疑問(wèn)詞 +不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 不定式可以和疑問(wèn)代詞 who , what, which及疑問(wèn)副詞 when,how,where連用，構(gòu)成不定式短 語(yǔ)，在句子中，

4、擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)等成分。What to do is a big problem.(做主語(yǔ))I know how to pronounce the word.(作賓語(yǔ))Can you tell me how to get to the post office?(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))The questi on is where to buy the dictionary.(作表語(yǔ))(2) do with :在問(wèn)句中多和 what連用，常譯作“處理，安排，容忍，與相處”等。如：What shall I do with it?我該怎樣處置它呢？拓展)deal with在問(wèn)句中多和how連用，其基本意思有

5、“應(yīng)付，處理，論述，涉及”等。如：Deal with a man as he deals with you.以其人之道，還治其人之身。2.1 didn t know you liked books!我原來(lái)不知道你喜歡書(shū)！這是一個(gè)含有賓語(yǔ)從句(you liked books)的主從復(fù)合句。賓語(yǔ)從句，就是用一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的后面。賓語(yǔ)從句要注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1) 引導(dǎo)詞： 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that常可省略。eg: I kn ow that the boy is from Japa n. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)。eg: I wan

6、t to know if he will come back tomorrow. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)eg:He did nt kn ow whe n his mother was born.(2) 語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句一定要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序。你能告訴我他昨晚待在哪里嗎？(,/)Ca n you tell me where he stayed last ni ght?(X)Can you tell me where did he stay last night?(3) 時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，從句用所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。Eg: He said h

7、e was playi ng games at that time.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。Eg:Our teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.3. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.reach此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為接觸，拿到”?！就卣埂縭each作及物動(dòng)詞，還意為“到達(dá)，抵達(dá)”，后面跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。Eg:They reached London last ni ght.4. The Hunchback of Notre Dame by th

8、e French writer Victor Hugo is great.法國(guó)作家維克多，雨果的巴黎圣母院很棒。French此處用作形容詞，意為“法國(guó)的，法國(guó)人的”。 Eg:Do you like French bread?【拓展】 French作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“法語(yǔ)”。My uncle can speak French. Frenchman可數(shù)名詞，意為“法國(guó)人，法國(guó)男人”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為Frenchmen;Frenchwornan “法國(guó)女人”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為Frenchwomen。 France名詞，意為“法國(guó)”。5. The story of the ugly man Quasimodo r

9、eally touched me.丑男人卡西莫多的故事確實(shí)觸動(dòng)了我。touched是動(dòng)詞touch的過(guò)去式。此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“觸動(dòng)，感動(dòng)”，在語(yǔ)氣上比move要弱一些.Eg:The brave mother touched every one.6. After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could. 當(dāng)我們的船撞至U礁石損 壞之后，我?jiàn)^力前游。(1) crash(crashed, crashed)用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“碰撞，倒下，墜落，(飛機(jī))墜毀”。The plane crashed in the mou

10、ntains .那架飛機(jī)在山中墜毀了。(2) against介詞，意為“緊靠，碰，撞”。The rain beat aga inst the win dows.雨點(diǎn)打在窗戶(hù)上。My bike hit against a tree .我的自行車(chē)撞到了一棵樹(shù)上。be against反對(duì)；違背 It is quite against the school rules.這完全違反校規(guī)。(3) as. . . as one can/could 表示 盡某人所能，相當(dāng)于 as as possible.Please come as early as you can. =Please come as earl

11、y as possible7. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out. 等到我終于感覺(jué)到腳下的陸 地時(shí)，我已筋拔力盡。(1) by the time意為到時(shí)為止，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。By the time I came in,Tom had written his name on the blackboard.( 2) be tired out 意為“筋疲力盡”。I was tired out when we got back from the long climb.【拓展】be tired of意為“

12、對(duì)感到厭煩，厭倦”。Kitty was tired of eggs 基蒂厭倦了吃雞蛋。8.I woke up as the sun was rising 當(dāng)太陽(yáng)升起時(shí)我醒了過(guò)來(lái)(1) wake up”醒來(lái)”，在此用作不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，此時(shí)后面不加賓語(yǔ)；還可用作及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，后可跟賓語(yǔ)，意為“把叫醒”，若賓語(yǔ)為代詞，則要放在wake和up中間。Eg:I usually wake up at six in the morning.Mum,will you please wake me up earlier tomorrow morning?(2) as連詞，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。As

13、time goes on , he knows his students.隨著時(shí)間的推移，他了解了他的學(xué)生。( 3) rise(rose， nsen， rising) 不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“升起，上升”。Eg:The water in the river rose after the heavy rain.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.raise 及物動(dòng)詞 意為“提高，籌集，抬起，舉起”Eg:The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions.The workers

14、want the boss to raise their wages.We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family.9. My arms,legs and hair were tied to the ground!句中的tie(tied , tied , tying)用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“捆，綁，系”。tie-to意為“把系/拴到上”。be tied to是它的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“被捆/拴到上”。Please tie the tree to the stick to keep it straight. 請(qǐng)把樹(shù)綁到木棍上，

15、使樹(shù)直立。The dog was tied to the tree 狗被拴到了樹(shù)上?！就卣埂?tie 還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“領(lǐng)帶，帶子”。He is wearing a blue tie. 他打著一條藍(lán)領(lǐng)帶。10.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它向上爬過(guò)我 的腹部和脖子，直到站在我的臉附近。until用作連詞，意為“直到為止，其主要用法有：(1)與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，表示“直到”，動(dòng)詞用肯定形式，指主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until 后的動(dòng)作發(fā)生為止。We walked until

16、it got dark. 我們一直走到天黑。Go straight on until you come to the white building. 繼續(xù)走，直到你來(lái)到那座白色的樓前。(2) notuntil意為“直到才”The little girl didn tstop crying until she saw her mother. 那小女孩直到看到她媽媽才不哭了。【拓展】until也可作介詞，意為“直到為止”。We talked until 10 0 lock.我們一直談到 10 點(diǎn)鐘。11. He was the same size as my little finger! 他不過(guò)就

17、我小手指那么點(diǎn)大！the same size as 意為 “禾口一樣尺寸，與一樣大小”。My mother shoes are the same size as mine我媽媽的鞋和我的鞋號(hào)碼相同。【拓展】the same as意為“和一樣”。My un iform is the same as Simon s.我的校服與西蒙的(校服)相同。the sameas, 一意為“禾廿一樣“翻譯：我的外套和你的顏色相同。 12. There were around 40 0f them. 有大約 40個(gè)。around 既可作介詞，又可作副詞。具體用法(1) 介詞，意為“大約”，相當(dāng)于about。My

18、uncle and aunt arrived at around 10 o clock.介詞，意為“遍及，在四周”。There are many trees around the house.(3)副詞，意為“在周?chē)教?，四周”。I looked around, but saw nothing.13.I shouted at themthe loud noise made them all fall over.(1) shout at 意為“沖大喊大叫 ” eg: Don t shout at others. It is impolite.(2) 辨析： noise ， voice 與 so

19、und(3) make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”,省略 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式在 make 后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)?！就卣埂砍÷詔o的動(dòng)詞不定式外，形容詞、名詞等也可在make后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Light music makes me happy.(2013 .重慶 )He lost his key.It made him in the cold to wait for his wife s return.A.to stay B stayedC staysDStay(4) fall over 意為“摔倒”。 He fell over when he was skating. 他溜冰的時(shí)候摔

20、倒了?！就卣埂?fall off 意為“(從上)捧下” The boy fell off the tree yesterday. fall down意為“摔倒；落下；倒塌”。 fall behind意為“落后”。如果你學(xué)習(xí)不努力，你會(huì)落在同學(xué)后面 .14. However,they soon got up again and continued moving across my body. 然而，他們很快又爬了起來(lái)，繼續(xù)在我的身體上走動(dòng)。Continue 此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“繼續(xù)”。 continue doing sth. 表示“繼續(xù)做某 事” ,contmue 后也可跟動(dòng)詞不定式， co

21、ntinue to do sth. 也表示“繼續(xù)做某事”。15. One of these small men began talking to me ” one of+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Eg：One of my hobbies is playing basketball.【拓展】one of后的名詞前經(jīng)常用形容詞最高級(jí)修飾，即“one of+the十形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，意為“最的之一”。翻譯：天津是中國(guó)最大的城市之一。 16. I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the rop

22、es. 我盡力掙脫一只手，最后設(shè)法弄斷了繩索。(1) try to do sth.意為“盡力做某事，努力做某事”。try doing sth. 意為“嘗試著做某事“。(2) manage to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做成某事”。The box was very heavy but he managed to carry it ，這個(gè)箱子很重，但是他設(shè)法搬動(dòng)了。17. When I lifted my left hand into the air 當(dāng)我把我的左手舉到空中時(shí).句中的 lift 用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉起，抬高；提高”。Can you help me lift the bike on

23、to the truck? 你能幫我把自行車(chē)抬到卡車(chē)上去嗎？【拓展】 lift 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“電梯”。Well take a lift to go up and down. 我們將乘電梯上下樓。18. Keep doing something 一直做某事keep doing sth .意為“不斷地做某事，一直做某事”。The boy kept crying. 那個(gè)男孩不停地哭。【拓展】 keep on doing sth.意為“反復(fù)做某事”。Prices keep on increasing .物價(jià)不停地上漲。 keep sb. from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”，其中介詞 fr