人教版英語八年級上第4單元知識點(diǎn)

1、最新人教版八年級上冊英語知識點(diǎn)Unit4 What the best movie theater一、重點(diǎn)短語歸納theater 電影院到達(dá)to離近biggest screens最大的熒屏store 服裝店the closest to home離家最近town在鎮(zhèn)上shortest waiting time最短的等候時間far 到目前為止the most comfortable seats有最舒服的座位minutes by bus 坐公共汽車10分鐘的路程best sound最好的聲音show才藝表演clothes the most cheaply買最廉價的衣服com mon共同；共有the m

2、ost boring songs播放最乏味的歌曲the world 世界各地；全世界worst music 最差的音樂and more 越來越freshest food最新鮮的食物so on 等等the most comfortably坐得最舒服kinds of 各種各樣的best performer最好的演員up to是的職責(zé)；由決定most talented person最有天賦的人everybody 并不是每個人and more popular越來越受歡送up編造故事、謊話等.in common 有相同特征a role in在方面發(fā)揮作用/有影響funniest actors最幽默的演員

3、example 例女口the piano the best鋼琴彈得最好seriously認(rèn)真對待the most beautifully唱得最美妙sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.給某人某物10 o clock大約十點(diǎn)true=come into reality夢想、希望實(shí)現(xiàn)；s Got Talent中國達(dá)人秀二、慣用法I ask you some 我能問你一些嗎如：Can I ask you some questions some用在疑問句中表示委婉語氣、建議，不能換成anydo you like =What do you think of 你認(rèn)為怎么樣如：How do yo

4、u like it so far =What do you think of it so far到目前為止你認(rèn)為它怎么樣for doing sth.因做某事而感謝。如：Thanks for telling me.謝謝你告訴我。4. the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù).“第幾的女口： He is the second tallest boy in the class.+ adj./adv. 的比擬級 “得多，即much可以修飾比擬級。女口： He is much better than other actors at finding the most interesting roles

5、.他比其他演員更擅長找到最有趣的角色。sb. do sth.觀看某人做某事如：It s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看另U人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事的作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色女口： When people watch the show,they usually play a role in deciding the winner.當(dāng)人們觀看表演時，他們通常在決定冠軍方面發(fā)揮作用。8. one of the +最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)意為最.之一，

6、做主語時看做單數(shù)如: One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River.注意：“one of +形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)=“a/an +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+of+名詞性物主 代詞/名詞所有格女口： one of my friends=a friend of mine我的一個朋友女口： one of the boy s habits=a habit of the boy s 這個男孩的一個習(xí)慣9. 形容詞最高級與比擬級的轉(zhuǎn)換，變成： 形容詞比擬級+than any other +單數(shù)名詞 形容詞比擬級+than the ot

7、her +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 形容詞比擬級 +than anyone else如: Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than anyone else in his class.=

8、Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意： Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.三、重點(diǎn)單詞用法1. comfortableadj.舒適的，舒服的，安逸的比擬級：more comfortable畐廿詞：comfortably反義詞：uncomfortable最高級：the most comfortable2. seat n.座位take a seat = have a seat 坐下take one s seat 就座女口： Have a seat ,please.

9、 請坐There are enough seats in the meeting-room.會議室 vt.及物動詞，be seated 就座 =seat oneself如: He seated himself comfortably on his chair.They are seated there.注意：seat/sit從動詞角度上區(qū)別共同點(diǎn)：作為動詞，都可以表示“坐的意思。不同點(diǎn)：seat sb / oneself=be seated，主語可以 seat是及物動詞，比擬正式，常以被動形式表示主動意義,是人可以是物。如：He is seated between Jack and Tom.她

10、坐在杰克和湯姆之間。Please be seated. (=Please seat yourself.)請坐。He seated himself at the desk.他坐在做桌子旁。The room can seat forty people.房間可以容納40個人的座位。 sit通常作不及物動詞用，比擬口語化，主語通常是人。如：The students are sitting at their desks.學(xué)生們正坐在課桌旁。Sit down, please. 請坐。另外，注意這兩個詞在作賓補(bǔ)時的不同形式：WhenI came in I found him seated /sittinga

11、t the back.3. sound n.聲音，指自然界的一切聲音注意：sound/ voice/ noisevoice人的嗓音。noise不悅耳的噪音sound指自然界的一切聲音 v.作為連系動詞sound +形容詞，意為“聽起來如: The story sounds interesting.4. close adj.近的(指時間或空間上的)，親密的 v.關(guān)閉be close to 離近 be far from 離 遠(yuǎn)如：My home is very close to the school.You are my close friend.你是我最親密的朋友。Please close th

12、e door.注意：closed adj. 關(guān)著的 其反義詞： open如：The door is closed.門是關(guān)著的。5. ticketn.票，券a ticket to/ for sth.一張的票相似地：a key to the door 門的鑰匙；the way to 去某地的路如：在回家的路上 on the way home一張去動物園的票 a ticket to the zoovi.不及物動詞wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某物can t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事女口： He is waiting for a bus他正在等公交車She is w

13、aiting for you at the bus station.她正在公交車站等你。I cant wait to open that box, wondering whats inside.我迫不及待地翻開那個盒子，想看看里面是什么.注意：waiting time等候時間動詞的-ing形式作定語，修飾名詞，表示被修飾詞的某種用途。類似地：read-ing + room 閱讀 房間=reading room 閱覽室swim-ming + pool 游泳 水池=swimming pool 游泳池7. choosev.選擇，挑選 過去式： chose ; 過去分詞：chosenchoose (n

14、ot) to do sth.決定(不)做某事他決定不去公園了女口： He chose not to go to the park. 其名詞：choice 選擇make a choice 做選擇have no choice but to do sth.=have nothing but do sth.除了做夕卜另 U無他法 / 選擇女口： He has no choice but to stay at home.他只能呆在家里。8. carefullyadv.細(xì)致地，小心地 care n.小心v. 在乎，關(guān)心 careful adj.小心的，認(rèn)真的。反義詞：careless粗心的，馬虎的；car

15、elessly adv. 疏乎地9. so far 到目前為止本意可以理解為用so加強(qiáng)far的意思，表示“如此遠(yuǎn)。10. service n.不可數(shù)名詞，“接待，效勞女口： The menu had only 10 dishes and the service was not good at all.菜單上只有十樣菜，并且服務(wù)一點(diǎn)也不好。 v.效勞serve sb.為某人效勞serve sb with sth=serve sth to sb:拿出來款待某人 .女口： Science serves the people.科學(xué)為人民效勞。He served some sweets to the c

16、hildren.= He served the children with some sweets.他拿出糖果來款待孩子們。注意：servant n. 仆人11. prettyadv. 很,十分，相當(dāng)pretty good “相當(dāng)好，只修飾形容詞的原級如：I think 970 AM is pretty good.調(diào)幅970兆赫 adj.漂亮的，通常說女性，小孩或小的物品 如：She looks pretty.12. act v.扮演角色如：She acted/played an important part in the movie/film.她在那部電影里扮演了一個重要的角色。 n.行動女

17、口： an act of kindness 好心的行為擴(kuò)展： action n.行動，活動take action采取行動 actor/ actress n.男/ 女演員 active adj.積極的take an active part in積極參與 actively adv.積極地 activity n.活動13. meal n. 早或午，晚餐；一餐所吃的食物女口： 3 meals a day 一日三餐14. creative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的，創(chuàng)造性的 比擬級： more creative最高級：the most creative create v.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作 creation n.創(chuàng)

18、造，創(chuàng)造物15. talentn.天資，天賦，才藝talent show才藝表演have a talent in sth./for doing sth.有某方面 / 做某事的天賦女口： He has talent in English.I have a talent for persuading people into doing something.在說服另 U人方面，我有天賦。I have a talent for writing.在寫作方面我有天賦。拓展：talented adj.有才能的，有才干的be talented in doing sth如：He is a very talent

19、ed actor.他是一個很有天賦的演員。You are very talented in speaking English.你很有說英語的天賦。16. performer n.表演者，演員拓展：perform v. 執(zhí)行，表演 ；performance n. 行為，表演17. commonn.與相同adj.普遍的，共同的have sth. in common 在某方面嗜好或觀念有共同點(diǎn)女口： He and his brother have nothing in common.他和他哥哥毫無共同點(diǎn)如：We have common interests我們有共同的興趣。18. joinv.參加，參

20、加參加人群、團(tuán)體、組織和機(jī)構(gòu)等拓展：join/join in/ take part in1join :參加某黨派、某組織或某社會團(tuán)體，不可用 join in 。如： He will never forget the day when he joined the Party.他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他入黨的那一天。 His brother joined the army three years ago.他哥哥是三年前參軍的。join :還可解釋為“連接。如： The railway joined the two cities.鐵路把兩個城市連接起來了。 The two clauses are joined

21、 by a conjunction.兩個分句由一個連詞連接起來。2 join in:多指參加小規(guī)模的活動如“球賽、游戲等，常用于日常口語。如: Come along, and join in the ball game.快，來參加球賽。 Why didnt you join in the talk last night昨晚你為什么沒參加座談注意：如果說“與其人一起做某事，那么用join sb. in sth. / doing sth.如: May I join in the game我可以參加這個游戲嗎 Come and join us in the discussion.來和我們一起討論吧！

22、 We are having supper now. Would you like to join us我們正在吃晚飯，你也來和我們一起吃好嗎3take part in :參加群眾性活動、會議等，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度.起一定作用。如： A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement.大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動。 All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.所有的學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除。注意：take part in 是慣用詞組，part前一般不用冠詞，但p

23、art前有形容詞修飾時，要用不定冠詞。女口： Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.林肯積極參加政治活動，強(qiáng)烈反對奴隸制。n.角色play an important role in sth./ doing sth.在某事當(dāng)中扮演重要角色；在做某事當(dāng)中發(fā)揮重要作用leading role 主角role play角色扮演女口： When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner.當(dāng)人們觀看表演

24、時，他們通常在決定冠軍方面發(fā)揮作用。20. lifen.生命，生活 ；復(fù)數(shù)：lives拓展：live /liv/ v.居??；第三人稱單數(shù)：lives live /laiv/ 作形容詞用，指現(xiàn)場直播 如：現(xiàn)場直播live show21. make up編造故事，謊話等。如：make up lies編造謊話 補(bǔ)上，補(bǔ)足；如：make up the time補(bǔ)上這段時間 組成，占；如： make up a team 組建一個團(tuán)隊(duì) 化裝；如： make up your face給你的臉化裝；make sb./oneself up 給某人/自己化裝 和解；言歸于好 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償 make up for被動

25、語態(tài)： be made up 被編造； be made up of= consist of由組成make up one s mind to do sth.下決心做某事如：Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有些人認(rèn)為這些表演者的生活是編造如:The story is made up.這個故事是虛構(gòu)的。如:Theyll do all they can to make up the economic losses.他們要盡一切力量彌補(bǔ)這些經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。如:The committee is made up of six wome

26、n.委員會由六位婦女組成。如:This made up 15%of their total income.這是他們總收入的百分之十五。如:She makes herself up every morning.她每天早上都要化裝。如:She is coming to make up with you.她是來與你和解的。如:His intelligence made up for his lack of personal charm.他的智慧彌補(bǔ)了他的容貌缺陷。如:I made up my mind not to tell them what had happened.的22. pooradj.貧

27、窮的，可憐的，差的，不擅長的如：貧困的孩子 poor children注意：the poor 表示貧窮的一類人，意為“窮人、貧民如：The poor now live a happy life窮人現(xiàn)在過上幸福的生活了23. seriouslyadv.嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地take sth. seriously認(rèn)真對待某事女口： However, if you don t take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，如果你對這些節(jié)目不太認(rèn)真對待，它們觀看起來還是很有趣的。24. funn.& adj. 有樂趣be fun to

28、 do sth. 做某事有樂趣have fun doing sth.做某事很愉快make fun of與某人開玩笑女口： However, if you don t take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，如果你對這些節(jié)目不太認(rèn)真對待，它們觀看起來還是很有趣的。如：Did you have fun visiting that country參觀那個國家，你們快樂嗎女口： Dont make fun of others.25. crowdedadj.擁擠的be crowded with 擠滿如：Crowded condit

29、ions favour the spread of disease.擁擠的條件便于疾病傳播。如：The arena was crowded with thousands of spectators.競技場中擠滿了數(shù)千名觀眾。拓展：crowd n. 群眾a crowd of 一群如：The crowd cheered the speaker.群眾向演說者歡呼起來了。四、難句解析1. - Whaf s the best clothes store in town城里最好的的服裝店是哪家-I think Miller s is the best.我覺得米勒的服裝店是最好的。解析： 此句中best是g

30、ood的最高級形式，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。 in town 在城鎮(zhèn)，town前加不加任何冠詞或修飾成分。但是in the city在城市；in the country在鄉(xiāng)村，在農(nóng)村。city/country 前加定冠詞the。如：Do you like living in town or in the city你喜歡住在城鎮(zhèn)還是住在城市里Go to town 去鎮(zhèn)上。Go to the city 去城里 此句中Miller s是名詞所有格的形式，表示場所、店鋪等意義。如：the barber s 理發(fā)店the doctor s 診所my uncle s 我叔叔家 clothes 本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式

31、，后面動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。Clothing 是復(fù)合名詞，衣服的總稱，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。女口： The clothes in that shop are expensive.那家店的衣服貴。All the clothing in the shop is very cheap.這家店里的衣服很廉價。2. It has the most comfortable seats.它有最舒適的座位。can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.因?yàn)樗鼈冇凶畲蟮淖凰阅憧梢宰米钍娣?。解析：comfortable為形

32、容詞，意為舒適的，用來修飾seats。most comfortable是它的最高級形式，在句中使用時，要在其最高級前加the.Comfortably 為comfortable 的副詞，意為舒服地；舒適地，用來修飾它前面的 sit , most comfortably是它的最高級形式。在句中使用時，其最高級前可以加the也可以不加。類似的詞在本單元還有許多。例如：beautiful beautifully ， cheap cheaply， careful carefully 等4. It s the closest to home.它離家最近。解析：1close 在此句中為形容詞， 意為“近的，

33、接近的，既可指時間，也可以指空間上的。closest為 形容詞close的最高級形式。其反義詞為far,近義詞為near。在表達(dá)離 近時， 用be close to 結(jié)構(gòu)。郵局離公園近。女口： The post office is close to the park.He sat close to us.他挨著我們坐。be close to home. 離家近拓展： close/nearclose與near都意為“近的，但 close比near表達(dá)的距離更近，相當(dāng)于 very near，可以近至幾乎相接 觸，而near意為“附近的；鄰近的。如：My home is near our schoo

34、l.我家離我們學(xué)校很近。 close還是一個動詞，意為“關(guān)；關(guān)閉。其反義詞為 open。例如：Please close the windows before leaving.離開前請將窗戶關(guān)上。Dori t close your eyes, please.請不要閉上眼睛。 close還可意為“親密的如：You are my close friend.你是我最親密的朋友。2) home在這里為名詞，意為家注意：包含“愛；溫暖；舒適；平安等意義，通常不用冠詞修飾。如：Home is where the heart is.心在哪里，哪里就是家。練一練1) . The store is theto m

35、y home. I often do shopping in it.A. Near B. closest C. farthest D. closes2) . David ,where do you live It sTaishan.A. Close from to to to3) . My home isour school, so I have to take the bus.A. Far from to C. Far to .s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.觀看另U人展示他們的天賦總是很有趣。解析：

36、It s interesting to do sth.意思是“做某事有趣，它是 It s +adj+to do sth. 句型的 一種形式，it作形式主語，to do sth. 是真正的主語女口： It s very interesting to play computer games.玩電腦游戲很有趣。 watch在句中是感官動詞。watch sth. 意為“觀看某人做了某事或經(jīng)常觀看某人做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)“觀看動作的全過程 c如：I watched them play football the whole afternoon.整個下午我在看他們踢足球。watch sth.那么表示“觀看某人正在做

37、某事強(qiáng)調(diào)“動作正在進(jìn)行。如：I m watching them playing football.我正在觀看他們踢足球。 hear， see, feel, notice等感官動詞的用法與 watch 一致。例如：I saw him get on the bus.我看見他上了公共汽車。(動作已完成)I saw him getting on the bus.我看見他正在上公共汽車。(動作正在進(jìn)行)注意：后接不帶to的動詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：三眼，兩耳，一注意，加上三個小使役，半個help莫忘記。即：三眼：look at, see, watch兩耳：hear, listen to一注意：notic

38、e三個小使役： have , let , makehelp后面的動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時，to可有可無。練一練1) . I saw my father. It made mebetter.;to feel ; feeling ; feel ; to feel2) . The young woman watched her daughtera yo-yo yesterday afternoon.play play with with3) . I often hear herin the room.sing4) . It s nice of youme with my math.help6. Thank

39、s for telling me.謝謝你告訴我。解析：Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感謝。=Thank sb. for doing sth.如：-Thanks a lot for your help.非常感謝你的幫助。-You are welcome.7. No problem解析：不用客氣主要用于美國英語；沒問題。女口： -Thank you.-No problem/Not at all/ You are welcome.如: -Could you post me for this letter-No problem.kinds of people join these

40、 shows.各種各樣的人都可參加這些表演。解析：1all kinds of意為“各種類型的，各種各樣的 ，kind此處作可數(shù)名詞，意為“種類，類別，differentkinds of ，意為不同種類的。女口： Now, parents always make their children take part in all kinds of activities.現(xiàn)在,父母總是讓孩子參加各種各樣的活動。如：There are many different kinds of animals in the zoo.動物園里有許多不同類型的動物。拓展： kind of ,意為有點(diǎn)兒=a little

41、.修飾形容詞或副詞。如：I feel kind of hungry.我感覺有點(diǎn)餓。 kind作形容詞，意為“和藹的，be kind to “對和藹如：She is very kind to children.她對孩子們非常和藹。2join ，v.參加，參加參加人群、團(tuán)體、組織和機(jī)構(gòu)等拓展：join/join in/ take part injoin :參加某黨派、某組織或某社會團(tuán)體，不可用 join in 。如：He will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他入黨的那一天。His brother joined the

42、 army three years ago.他哥哥是三年前參軍的。join :還可解釋為“連接。如：The railway joined the two cities.鐵路把兩個城市連接起來了The two clauses are joined by a conjunction.兩個分句由一個連詞連接起來。join in:多指參加小規(guī)模的活動如“球賽、游戲等，常用于日?？谡Z。如:Come along, and join in the ball game.快，來參加球賽。Why didnt you join in the talk last night昨晚你為什么沒參加座談注意：如果說“與其人一

43、起做某事，那么用join sb. in sth. / doing sth.。如:May I join in the game我可以參加這個游戲嗎Come and join us in the discussion.來和我們一起討論吧！We are having supper now. Would you like to join us我們正在吃晚飯，你也來和我們一起吃好嗎t(yī)ake part in :參加群眾性活動、會議等，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度.起一定作用。如：A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement.大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動。All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.所有的學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除。注意：take part in 是慣用詞組，part前一般不用冠詞，但part前有形容詞修飾時，要用不定冠詞。女口： Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.林肯積極參加政治活動，強(qiáng)烈反對奴隸制。9. That s up to you to decide.