（推薦）期中復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)八年級(jí)下U5-U

1、八年級(jí)（下）Unit56 Unit5一、重點(diǎn)詞組Topic1How are you doing? 你好invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事prepare for -為-準(zhǔn)備say thanks to -向-道謝a ticket to/for sth. -的票、入場(chǎng)券be proud of驕傲，自豪be pleased with對(duì)-感到滿(mǎn)意set the table擺放餐具be able to do sth. 有能力做某事go well進(jìn)展順利ring up給-打電話(huà)the young woman living in Austria 住在奧地利的年輕女子on the shi

2、p called the Titanic 在一艘被稱(chēng)為泰坦尼克號(hào)的船上care for / look after / take care of照顧cheer up使振作起來(lái)please sb. 取悅某人at first開(kāi)始What - for? = Why -?be on上映on the night of April 15th 在四月十五日晚上in the end最后fall into落入go mad 發(fā)瘋了national opera 國(guó)粹have over 200 years of history=have a history of over 200 years 有著兩百多年的歷史come

3、 into being形成，建立main roles 主角be full of = be filled with 充滿(mǎn)了facial paintings 臉譜wonderful gestures and fighting 美妙優(yōu)雅的姿勢(shì)和精彩的打斗場(chǎng)面be popular with受到-的歡迎become interested in 變得對(duì)-感興趣find a way to do sth. 找到做某事的辦法cant agree with each other 有矛盾make peace with sb. 與某人和解end with happiness以喜劇結(jié)束Topic2do badly in

4、在-做不好feel lonely感到孤單friends to talk with可以交談的朋友be strict with sb.對(duì)-嚴(yán)格要求be strict about/in sth. 對(duì)-嚴(yán)格要求have a talk with sb. 和-交談be worried about擔(dān)心be lost 丟失send sth. to sb. 將某物送給某人fail to do sth. 沒(méi)做成某事at ones age在某人的年齡at the age of - 在-歲時(shí)seem to do sth. 似乎做某事seem + adj. 好像-It seems/seemed that + 從句tak

5、e it easy別緊張There, there! 好啦，好啦！Its normal to do sth. 做-是正常的Its all right to do sth. 做-是可以的sth. happen to sb. -發(fā)生在某人身上happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事call sb. at 2676790 打-找某人give your suggestions 給出你的建議How time flies! 時(shí)間飛逝！Whats more 此外，而且be used to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于used to do sth. 過(guò)去常常做某事fall asleep 入睡feel

6、sleepy 想睡覺(jué)as usual 和往常一樣be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕做某事be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事accept sb. 接受某人in public 在公眾場(chǎng)合clap ones hands 鼓掌deal with 對(duì)付，處理refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事even though=even if 盡管calm down 冷靜all the time 一直by oneself 獨(dú)自whats more 更有甚者for example 例如elder brother 哥哥instead of doing sth. 代替做某

7、事no longer = not - any longer 不再I(mǎi)t is useless to do sth. 做-是沒(méi)用的live happily 愉快地生活have a happy life 過(guò)著愉快的生活Topic3take medicine 吃藥hate to do sth. 討厭做某事follow the doctors advice遵循醫(yī)囑at the end of the month 月底take turns to do sth.輪流做某事instead of 代替study/learn - by oneself 自學(xué)= teach oneself -take good car

8、e of 好好照顧give a speech 做演講affect our feelings 影響我們的情緒in a good mood 心情好give a surprise to sb.給某人驚喜smile at life 笑對(duì)生活put on 上映，演出at the English corner 在英語(yǔ)角calm down 冷靜prepare for-為-做準(zhǔn)備get along with 和-相處see a snake lying on the road 看見(jiàn)路上有一條蛇be ill in bed 臥病在床be full of 充滿(mǎn)了too - to - 太-以致于不能-try out 試

9、驗(yàn)such as 比如be/stay in good spirits 情緒高漲get help from -從-獲得幫助make a decision ( to do sth.)做決定（做-）think over 仔細(xì)考慮get back to 返回到-a sense of happiness 幸福感二、重點(diǎn)句型1. I went to buy tickets, but there was none left.(1) left是leave的過(guò)去分詞，在此相等當(dāng)于形容詞，意為“剩下的”。eg. There is nothing left in the fridge.(2) none是代詞，表示三

10、者或三者以上“沒(méi)有一個(gè)，毫無(wú)”。 eg. None of that food on the table is mine.None of us has/have a camera.2. They are proud of their player.(1) be proud of 驕傲，自豪類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)： be afraid of - / be bored with - / be tired of - / be angry with sb. / be pleased with -(2) pride名詞，the pride of - -的驕傲They are the pride of Chinese p

11、eople.3. What seems to be the problem?(1) seem to do sth. 似乎- We seemed to experience four seasons in a day.(2) seem + adj. 似乎- They seem surprised and excited.(3) It seems + that 從句 看來(lái)-，似乎- It seemed that we experienced four seasons in a day.4. I am feeling really sad because I failed the English e

12、xam.(1) because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 (2) fail表示“不及格，失敗”。(3) fail to do sth. 失敗，未能做到- eg. I fail to talk with him.5. I dont know how to talk with others about it.疑問(wèn)詞how, when, where, which, what, who等與不定式連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。 eg. Where to go is a problem. I dont know which to buy.The problem is how to go th

13、ere.6. Would you please say something about that and give your suggestions?表請(qǐng)求：Would you please do -? 否定形式：Would you please not do -?7. 表示提建議的句型：Youd better (not) do -. Why not do-? How /what about doing -? Please -.8. The roads here are not as clean as those in our hometown.(1) not as - as - 不如- (=

14、not so - as -) eg. He didnt run as/so fast as Jane.(2) those指代roads。在比較兩樣?xùn)|西時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，用that替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，those替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 eg. The weather of Kunming is better than that of Beijing.9. He no longer stays in his room by himself.= He doesnt stay in his room by himself any longer.no longer = not any longer 不

15、再10. He didnt do anything but sit in his bedroom. = He did nothing but sit in his bedroom.11. Please give my best wishes to your parents.請(qǐng)代我向你父母問(wèn)好。12. Im sorry about your illness, but it cant be SARS.cant be 表示否定推測(cè)，must be表示肯定推測(cè)，may be表示不太確定的推測(cè)。13. Follow the doctors advice, and youll get well soon.

16、這是一個(gè)由祈使句加and再加簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成的句子，可以把祈使句變成一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。=If you follow the doctors advice, youll get well soon.14. Thats very nice of you. = Its very nice of you.“Its + adj. + of sb.”句型中形容詞表示人的性格，品德特點(diǎn)(如：clever, brave, wise等)“Its + adj. + for sb.”句型中形容詞表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)(如：easy, difficult, impossible，important等)ever, b

17、rave, wise= It, but it can)15. At night, its too noisy for me to fall asleep.- too + adj./adv. + for sb. + to do - 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太-而不能-eg. The work is too hard for Tom to do.三、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析. 系動(dòng)詞+形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)eg. You look excited. 主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)1. 表示一種特征或狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞：be , feel, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appear2. 表示變成某種狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞：be

18、come, get, grow, turn, go3. 表示保持某種狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞：keep, stay, remainII. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句eg. She feels very lonely because she has no friends to talk with.Im feeling really sad because I failed the English exam. 形容詞和副詞的同級(jí)比較eg. Helen is as lovely as Maria.Maria is not as/so brave as Helen. / Helen is braver than Maria.H

19、elen doesnt write as carefully as Maria. / Maria writes more carefully than Helen.I want to live as happily as before.注意：1. as + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + as-2. 用句型“not as/so +副詞原級(jí) + as-”時(shí)，not要記得放在助動(dòng)詞的后面?。ㄈ缋?）. 使役動(dòng)詞make / let1. Maybe I have SARS. It makes me feel nervous.2. Some TV programs make me want to sleep.

20、3. That will make him or her get well soon.英語(yǔ)中有一類(lèi)動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)為“使役動(dòng)詞”，表示“使/讓/叫某人做某事”。(1) 這些動(dòng)詞有的后接帶 to的動(dòng)詞不定式（to+動(dòng)詞原形）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如 get,ask,tell等；(2) 有的后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如：let,make,have等。它們的基本句型為get/ask/tell sb.to do sth.和let/make/have sb.do sth.。如：I dont know how to get other students to talk with me.我不知道怎樣使別的同學(xué)和我

21、交談。The teacher asked the students to read the text. 老師讓同學(xué)們讀課本。This picture makes me think of my childhood. 這張照片使我想起我的童年。Let me help you, sir. 先生，讓我來(lái)幫你。Dont forget to have him come here. 別忘了讓他來(lái)這兒。(3) make sb./sth.后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)還可以是名詞和形容詞。如：Illness usually makes us sad , worried and frightened. 疾病常使我們悲傷、焦慮、

22、恐懼。Mr. Gao always makes his class interesting. 高老師總是讓他的課充滿(mǎn)樂(lè)趣。The teacher makes Tom monitor. 老師讓湯姆當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。四、詞語(yǔ)辨析1. can / be able to(1) 表示“能力”時(shí)，can和be able to可以互換。eg. No one can / is able to do it.(2) can只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式，be able to可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。eg. I will be able to drive a taxi in a few months.(3) 注意can和be able to不可連

23、用。2. because和because ofbecause是連詞，后接句子，構(gòu)成原因狀語(yǔ)從句。because of是介詞短語(yǔ)，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞。Many people get ill because the weather is bad.Many people get ill because of the bad weather.3. used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事/ be(get) used to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣（做）某事You will be used to the city life.His father used to get up late. Bu

24、t now he is used to getting up early.此外，use表示“使用”時(shí)，use sth. to do sth. / use sth. for doing sth.4. happen / take place 發(fā)生happen強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的偶然性，take place一般指有計(jì)劃的，經(jīng)過(guò)安排的What happened to Jim? He is upset.Great changes have taken place in my hometown.5. for example / such asfor example表示舉例說(shuō)明，常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；such as- 表

25、示列舉。You may become unhappy sometimes, for example, when you fail the exam.I like drinks such as tea and coffee.6. hope / wish 希望(1) hope/wish sb. to do.希望某人做某事(2) wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 (注意：這里不可用hope)7. at the end of - 在-的最后/盡頭 in the end 最后 by the end of - 到末8. affect (v.) / effect (n.) 影響affe

26、ct sb./sth.影響某人或某事 have an effect / effects on - 影響 -Smoking affects health.= Smoking has an effect on health.9. on ones way to - 在某人去-的路上 on my way home 在我回家的路上on the way 在途中 by the way 順便說(shuō)一下 (in) this way 用這種方法10. decide (v.) / decision (n.)(1) decide to do sth. 決定做某事 decide on sth. 選定某物(2) make a

27、 decision to do sth. 決定做某事11. no one / none(1) no one在單獨(dú)使用時(shí)只用于指人，相當(dāng)于nobody。但no one后面接of短語(yǔ)時(shí)，既可指人，也可指物。 如：There is no one in that room.(2) none或none ofnone既可指人，也可指物，用于指三者以上的人或物（這是其與neither的區(qū)別）。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。None of the books is/are interesting.None of them is /are going to the park this Sunda

28、y.(3) 在簡(jiǎn)略的答語(yǔ)中，none用來(lái)回答how many/much?而no one則用來(lái)回答who?和表示存在疑問(wèn)句。（what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句常用nothing 回答）如：-Who is in the next room? -No one. -How many elephants did you see? -None. -Is there a foreign boy in your class? - No one. 一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。五、作文話(huà)題1.描述自己的心情和遇到的困難，以及用英語(yǔ)描述如何解決困難，對(duì)陷入困境中的人如何給予安慰。( P13 1 P15 1a )2. 有關(guān)心情的話(huà)題。什么因素影

29、響心情，應(yīng)該如何調(diào)節(jié)自我的情緒。(P21 1a P23 1a)Unit6一、重點(diǎn)詞組Topic1spring field trip 春游go on a visit (to -) （去）-旅行make the decision 作決定find out 查出，弄清over the phone 通過(guò)電話(huà)decide on sth. 對(duì)某事做出決定learn to do sth. 學(xué)習(xí)做某事go on a field trip 去野外旅行raise money 籌錢(qián)book tickets 訂票tickets at ￥224 for the soft sleeper 224元的軟臥票a hard sl

30、eeper 硬臥pay for 付款，支付make a (room) reservation 預(yù)訂（房間）air conditioning 空調(diào)系統(tǒng)a standard room with two single beds 帶有兩張單人床的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間rooms with(without) a bathroom 帶有（不帶）浴室的房間a room for one person 單人房come up with 想出（主意）arrive in/at -= get to- = reach -到達(dá)a ticket for the draw 抽獎(jiǎng)券land safely 安全著陸look forward to

31、(doing) sth. 期望（做）某事hear from sb. 收到某人的來(lái)信in the open air 在戶(hù)外as soon as - 一-就-in the daytime 白天the sea of clouds 云海places of interest 名勝enjoy the night scene 欣賞夜景Topic2be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事on vacation 在休假make a plan 訂計(jì)劃come along with sb. 和一起來(lái)at the foot of - 在腳下spread over an area of -占地-=cover a

32、n area of -in the old days 在舊時(shí)代make sure 確保face(v.) south 朝南tell good from bad 分辨好壞high prestige 很高的威望stand for 代表look for space to park bikes 尋找空間停放自行車(chē)be surprised at - 對(duì)-感到驚奇step on ones toes 踩到某人的腳(stepped)in all directions 四面八方push ones way out 沖出人群out of sight 不見(jiàn)了not - until 直到-才-raise ones hea

33、d 抬頭jump up and down 跳起來(lái)cant(couldnt) help doing sth. 忍不住做某事be satisfied with - 對(duì)-感到滿(mǎn)意get on 上車(chē) get off 下車(chē)realize / notice 意識(shí)到/注意Thank goodness! 謝天謝地。go camping 去露營(yíng)have fun doing sth. 從做-中獲得樂(lè)趣here and there 到處ask - for help 求助Topic3get used to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于（做）某事be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事ob

34、ey/break the trafic rules 遵守/違反交通規(guī)則save energy 節(jié)約能源cause air pollution 引起空氣污染be popular with 受到-的歡迎listen to an MP3 聽(tīng)MP3a sharp turn to the left向左的急轉(zhuǎn)彎slow down 減速avoid doing sth. 避免做某事rush to sb. 沖向某人the young man on the bicycle一個(gè)騎自行車(chē)的年輕人get a fine 處以罰金(be) in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中warn sb. to do sth.警告/提醒某人要

35、做某事turn left 向左拐on the left-hand side of the road在路的左邊cross the road 過(guò)馬路make a wrong turn 錯(cuò)誤拐彎be famous for 因而出名the path to success 成功之路go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事dark horse 黑馬make a comeback 復(fù)出face it head-on 迎頭面對(duì)train hard 刻苦訓(xùn)練lead sb. to do sth. 帶領(lǐng)某人做某事one of the top cyclists 頂尖的自行車(chē)手之一beat sb. 打敗某人tak

36、e part in 參加millions of 成百萬(wàn)上千萬(wàn)the largest bicycle road race 規(guī)模最大的公路自行車(chē)賽have the highest altitude among all races 所有比賽中海拔最高的go through the mountains 穿過(guò)山脈timed stages 計(jì)時(shí)賽段二、重點(diǎn)句型1. I have some exciting news to tell you.to tell you 動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常和前面所修飾的詞具有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果該動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，需要在其后加上相應(yīng)的介詞。eg. I hav

37、e nothing to talk about. 我沒(méi)有什么可談的。2. How much does it cost to go by plane?(1) 句型：It cost (sb.) S.M. to do sth. 花（某人）多少錢(qián)做某事It cost me 600 yuan to fly to Shanghai.(2) 主語(yǔ)（物） + cost + S.M. 某物價(jià)值多少The book costs ten yuan.(3) 主語(yǔ)（物） + cost + sb. + S.M. 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián)The camera cost me 100 yuan.3. How long does i

38、t take to reach Mount Tai by train?句型：It takes/took (sb.) S.T. to do sth. 花（某人）多少時(shí)間做某事4. Its hard to say. 這很難說(shuō)。5. I want to book 10 standard rooms with two single beds and one room with one single bed. 我想預(yù)定十間帶有兩張單人床的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間和一間帶有一張單人床的房間。6. Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.

39、在加拿大和美國(guó)的學(xué)校，籌錢(qián)是普遍的。(Its + adj. + to do)7. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faces south and had mountains at the back. 8. Its impossible to finish so much work in an hour.9. To avoid hitting the truck, he ran into the wall and his arm was badly hurt.10. It seems impossible to beat him.1

40、1. It is certain that Lance Armstrong is the greatest.12. Its about two and a half hours by bike. 騎自行車(chē)要兩個(gè)半小時(shí)。=Its about two and a half hours ride.對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)：How far is it? 問(wèn)距離(- on foot. = - s walk)13.southsouthern northnorthern westwestern easteastern 三、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析. 動(dòng)詞不定式(1) 作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式可以放在be, seem, appear, h

41、appen等詞之后作表語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：To the teacher, the most important thing is to teach students well.(2) 作賓語(yǔ)。能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有want, hope, wish, like, agree, begin, start, try, plan, decide等詞，如：Wu Ming decided to study English hard.(3) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。很多動(dòng)詞后面可接人或物作賓語(yǔ)，再加一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：ask, tell, want,

42、wish, like, invite, allow, warn, teach, expect等詞，構(gòu)成ask/tell/want sb.to do sth.如：Mother told me to cook the meal.(4) 作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞的后面，與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成一個(gè)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，因此，如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物的，要在其后加上相應(yīng)的介詞。如：I have a lot of books to read. In the past, many people had no house to live in.(5) 作狀語(yǔ)。作狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式（短

43、語(yǔ)）用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示行為的目的、結(jié)果、原因等。一般放在被修飾詞的后面，但在表示目的時(shí)，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)也可放在句首。如：Every Sunday I go to the country to see my grandparents.（目的）. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.2. When Michael came in, Darren was reading Renai English Post.3. After they rode their bikes for two

44、 hours and a half, Kangkang, Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.4. As they were exploring happily, the crowd of people became larger and larger.5. He didnt raise his head until soemone called him.6. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.(1) 連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的連詞有： when 當(dāng)

45、時(shí) while 在過(guò)程中；當(dāng)時(shí)as 當(dāng)時(shí)；一邊一邊 before 在以前 after 在以后till/until 到為止；直到才 since 自從以來(lái) as soon as 一就(2) 注意主從句時(shí)態(tài)。（主句將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。）Ill tell you about it as soon as school is over.注意：when表示“什么時(shí)候”時(shí)，可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)態(tài)遵循賓語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)則。如：I dont know when he will come. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句1. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer ac

46、cidents.2. If we ride at night, we should use bike lights or wear light-colored clothes. 主句 if 從句 will (must, should, may) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1) 條件狀語(yǔ)從句由if（假如，如果）, unless（除非）, as long as（只要）等引導(dǎo)。(2) 注意主從句時(shí)態(tài)。（主句將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。）注意：if表示“是否”的意思時(shí)，可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)態(tài)遵循賓語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)則。如：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.(3) 祈使句+and/or引導(dǎo)的

47、結(jié)果句，祈使句在意義上相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Study hard and you can catch up with others. = If you study hard, you can catch up with others.Hurry up, or youll be late.= If you dont hurry up, youll be late. = Youll be late unless you hurry up.(4) The +比較級(jí)-，the + 比較級(jí)-，前一簡(jiǎn)單句相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。The more we get together, the happier well

48、 be. = If we get together more often, well be happier.四、詞語(yǔ)辨析1. find out / find / look forfind out 指通過(guò)觀(guān)察，探索發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)的真相、真情，找出原因或發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密、錯(cuò)誤等。 “了解，打聽(tīng)-的情況”find多指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)、碰到，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果?！罢业剑l(fā)現(xiàn)”look for 指尋找，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程?！皩ふ摇盜 find out why he was late.He found his lost book just now.Im looking for my wallet.2. cost / take / spend / pay表示花費(fèi)(1) cost（見(jiàn)重點(diǎn)句型） (2) take（見(jiàn)重點(diǎn)句型）(3)