第五章政府支出概述(政府經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課件-山東大學(xué),陳東)

1、政府支出政府支出是否直接形成對(duì)是否直接形成對(duì)產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)的需求產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)的需求是否消耗性支出消耗性支出轉(zhuǎn)移性支出轉(zhuǎn)移性支出形成對(duì)市場(chǎng)的形成對(duì)市場(chǎng)的購買壓力購買壓力不形成對(duì)市場(chǎng)的不形成對(duì)市場(chǎng)的購買壓力購買壓力接受者用于接受者用于消費(fèi)或生產(chǎn)消費(fèi)或生產(chǎn) 接受者用接受者用于儲(chǔ)蓄于儲(chǔ)蓄類類 別別發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家消耗性支出消耗性支出45.245.261.561.5其中：經(jīng)常性支出其中：經(jīng)常性支出34.934.950.150.1 資本支出資本支出10.310.311.411.4轉(zhuǎn)移性支出轉(zhuǎn)移性支出41.041.022.522.5其中：公債利息支出其中：公債利息支出5.65.65.55.5補(bǔ)

2、助金補(bǔ)助金35.435.417.017.0其他其他13.813.816.016.0合合 計(jì)計(jì)100.0100.0100.0100.0時(shí)期時(shí)期消耗性支出消耗性支出轉(zhuǎn)移性支出轉(zhuǎn)移性支出合計(jì)合計(jì)合計(jì)合計(jì)經(jīng)常性經(jīng)常性支出支出資本資本支出支出合計(jì)合計(jì)政策性政策性補(bǔ)貼支出補(bǔ)貼支出撫恤和社會(huì)撫恤和社會(huì)福利救濟(jì)費(fèi)福利救濟(jì)費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)時(shí)期98.898.862.8362.8336.1536.151.021.02- -1.021.02100100“一五一五”時(shí)期時(shí)期97.9097.9043.2643.2654.6454.642.102.10- -2.102.10100100“二五二五”時(shí)期時(shí)期98.439

3、8.4327.4727.4770.9670.961.571.57- -1.571.571001001963196319651965年年96.5296.5238.9838.9857.5457.543.483.48- -3.483.48100100“三五三五”時(shí)期時(shí)期98.4198.4139.3039.3059.1159.111.591.59- -1.591.59100100“四五四五”時(shí)期時(shí)期98.6698.6636.1136.1162.5562.551.341.34- -1.341.34100100“五五五五”時(shí)期時(shí)期93.7093.7034.3434.3459.3659.366.306.30

4、4.204.202.102.10100100“六五六五”時(shí)期時(shí)期83.3583.3537.8637.8645.4945.4916.6516.6514.8314.831.821.82100100“七五七五”時(shí)期時(shí)期83.5383.5342.4042.4041.1341.1316.4716.4714.5114.511.961.96100100“八五八五”時(shí)期時(shí)期89.4389.4352.6452.6436.7936.7910.5710.578.458.452.122.12100100“九五九五”時(shí)期時(shí)期89.8289.8253.2753.2736.5536.5510.1810.188.208.20

5、1.981.981001001979年1988年指數(shù)（以1979年為100）購買轉(zhuǎn)移購買轉(zhuǎn)移購買轉(zhuǎn)移工業(yè)化國(guó)家11.0022.8312.4219.72112.986.4美國(guó)9.6317.7511.2318.00116.9101.4加拿大9.5523.428.1227.3285.0116.7丹麥11.7535.3711.5734.9998.598.9法國(guó)9.8329.5411.0126.64112.090.2挪威9.9238.349.4838.6795.6100.9瑞典9.9540.368.3741.1784.1102.0英國(guó)13.4622.4112.4012.8192.197.3項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目年份年

6、份價(jià)格補(bǔ)貼價(jià)格補(bǔ)貼企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼債 務(wù) 支 出債 務(wù) 支 出撫恤和社會(huì)福利救撫恤和社會(huì)福利救濟(jì)費(fèi)濟(jì)費(fèi)轉(zhuǎn)移性支出合計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)移性支出合計(jì)數(shù)額數(shù)額比 重比 重?cái)?shù) 額數(shù) 額比重比重?cái)?shù) 額數(shù) 額比 重比 重?cái)?shù)額數(shù)額比重比重?cái)?shù)額數(shù)額1978197811.211.21.01.018.918.91.71.730.130.12.72.719801980112.7112.79.39.328.628.62.32.320.320.31.61.6166.6166.613.213.219851985261.8261.810.310.3507.0507.019.919.939.639.61.61.631.231.21

7、.21.2839.7839.732.932.919901990380.8380.89.99.9578.9578.915.015.0190.4190.44.94.955.155.11.41.41205.21205.231.231.219951995364.9364.94.64.6327.8327.84.14.1878.4878.410.910.9115.5115.51.41.41686.61686.621.021.019961996453.9453.94.74.7337.4337.43.53.51311.91311.913.713.7128.1128.11.41.42231.32231.323.

8、323.319971997551.9551.94.84.8368.5368.53.23.21918.41918.416.716.7142.2142.21.21.22981.02981.025.925.919981998712.1712.16.46.4333.5333.53.03.02352.92352.921.121.1171.5171.51.61.63570.03570.032.132.119991999697.6697.64.64.6290.0290.01.91.91910.51910.512.612.6179.9179.91.21.23078.03078.020.320.32000200

9、01042.31042.36.66.6278.8278.81.81.81579.81579.89.99.9213.0213.01.31.33113.93113.919.619.620012001741.5741.53.93.9300.0300.01.61.62007.72007.710.610.6266.7266.71.41.43315.93315.917.517.5比重比重支出支出項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目高收入國(guó)家高收入國(guó)家中等收入國(guó)家中等收入國(guó)家低收入國(guó)家低收入國(guó)家所有國(guó)家所有國(guó)家占占GDPGDP占總支出占總支出占占GDPGDP占總支出占總支出占占GDPGDP占總支出占總支出占占GDPGDP國(guó)防國(guó)防5.5

10、5.512.212.23.43.413.213.23.03.010.910.94.14.1教育教育4.34.311.011.03.83.814.914.93.93.914.714.74.04.0衛(wèi)生衛(wèi)生3.43.48.38.32.02.07.77.71.71.76.36.32.52.5社會(huì)保障和社會(huì)保障和公共福利公共福利12.212.227.527.54.64.615.715.71.31.34.24.27.07.0住房住房1.21.22.72.71.11.13.83.80.70.72.32.31.01.0經(jīng)濟(jì)性服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)性服務(wù)5.55.514.014.05.75.720.420.46.46.42

11、2.222.25.85.8其他政府服其他政府服務(wù)務(wù)5.85.814.014.03.63.615.115.16.16.126.826.84.64.6利息利息4.64.610.310.32.52.59.39.33.23.212.612.63.43.4國(guó)家國(guó)家個(gè)數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)1919191926262626111111115656時(shí)時(shí) 期期經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)費(fèi)社會(huì)文教費(fèi)社會(huì)文教費(fèi)國(guó)防費(fèi)國(guó)防費(fèi)行政管理費(fèi)行政管理費(fèi)其他其他“四五四五”時(shí)時(shí)期期57.757.710.910.919.119.15.05.07.37.3“五五五五”時(shí)時(shí)期期59.959.914.414.416.416.45.35.34.04.0“六五六

12、五”時(shí)時(shí)期期56.156.119.719.711.911.97.87.84.54.5“七五七五”時(shí)時(shí)期期48.448.423.223.29.19.111.811.87.57.5“八五八五”時(shí)時(shí)期期41.541.525.725.79.59.513.813.89.69.6“九五九五”時(shí)時(shí)期期38.3438.3427.227.28.38.315.715.710.510.5美國(guó)美國(guó)RR 1989年年OECD國(guó)家的收入和支出占國(guó)家的收入和支出占GDP的百分比的百分比國(guó)家國(guó)家政府最終政府最終消費(fèi)支出消費(fèi)支出社會(huì)保障社會(huì)保障轉(zhuǎn)移支付轉(zhuǎn)移支付總總支出支出一般性收一般性收入入澳大利亞澳大利亞16.48.634.

13、334.2加拿大加拿大8.711.844.339.6法國(guó)法國(guó)18.321.449.746.5德國(guó)德國(guó)18.715.645.144.6意大利意大利16.817.751.741.1日本日本9.311.832.934.3瑞典瑞典2619.560.164.1英國(guó)英國(guó)19.411.940.939.7美國(guó)美國(guó)17.910.936.131.8丹麥丹麥25.118.158.757.4OECD總值總值16.613.541.237.3R瓦格納是在對(duì)歐洲國(guó)家和美國(guó)、日本等國(guó)的資料進(jìn)行瓦格納是在對(duì)歐洲國(guó)家和美國(guó)、日本等國(guó)的資料進(jìn)行分析后得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的分析后得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的 。 R政府支出政府支出/國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值

14、值年代年代戰(zhàn)前戰(zhàn)時(shí)戰(zhàn)后Displacement effectInspection effectThreshold effectRRRRRR收益成本有形的直接的水力發(fā)電建設(shè)設(shè)備、維修間接的航行、灌溉、防洪、旅游淹沒土地使生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞無形的直接的水庫風(fēng)景美化（對(duì)居民、旅游者）破壞自然環(huán)境（淹沒歷史古跡、破壞自然珍奇）間接的風(fēng)景美化（畫報(bào)、對(duì)非居民或非旅游者）高壓線影響電視清晰度RPnntttntttrCrBBCR1111011nttttrCBR方案效益B成本CB-CB/C(B-C)/C次序A4000020000200002.01.02B195001500045001.30.24C120001000020001.20.25D12500500075002.51.51E4500030000150001.50.53F125001250001.006G2700030000-30000.9-0.17RRR對(duì)甲來說