閱讀理解之主旨大意類

1、“一模一?！敝惺Х肿疃嗟拈喿x理解題目：中失分最多的閱讀理解題目：54. The main purpose of this passage is to _ .(C篇)A.stress the importance of happinessB.clarify the causes of lasting happinessC.advocate the ways of seeking happinessD.show the results of the study on happiness60. What is the best title for the passage? (D篇)E.Only a

2、fruit jokeF. Just a taxi rideG.An ordinary meetingH.A really big chance-How to get the main idea? Question forms:1.主題類主題類 (1).The main idea of the passage is _. (2).The passage is mainly about _. (3).What is the passage mainly about? (4).Which of the following statement can best summarize/ sum up th

3、e main idea of the passage? (5).Whats the main point/main idea/central thought of the passage?2.標(biāo)題類標(biāo)題類 (1).The best title/headline for this passage might be _. (2).The text (Passage) could be entitled _. (3).What is the best title for the passage? (4).Which of the following would be suitable as a ti

4、tle for the passage?3.作者意圖類作者意圖類 (1).The authors main purpose in writing the passage is _.(2).The passage is meant to _.(3).The purpose of this article is _.(4).The authors purpose is to show _. 解題解題技巧技巧 技巧一：識別文體技巧一：識別文體 找主題句找主題句技巧三：找關(guān)聯(lián)詞技巧三：找關(guān)聯(lián)詞技巧二技巧二: 抓線索抓線索技巧四技巧四: 找高頻詞找高頻詞主題類及標(biāo)題類主題類及標(biāo)題類新聞報道：新聞報道：說

5、明文說明文: :議論文議論文: :夾敘夾議文夾敘夾議文: : 記敘文記敘文: :一般是導(dǎo)語提攜全文，主題句在首段一般是導(dǎo)語提攜全文，主題句在首段主題句一般在首段主題句一般在首段一般為總分總模式一般為總分總模式, , 即主題句（作者的觀點）即主題句（作者的觀點） 常在首段或末段（作者觀點的重申）。當(dāng)然，常在首段或末段（作者觀點的重申）。當(dāng)然，由于寫作需要，主題句偶爾也可在一段文章由于寫作需要，主題句偶爾也可在一段文章中間。中間。主題句常在議論中主題句常在議論中文中一般沒有明顯的主題句文中一般沒有明顯的主題句 Widespread media coverage has been given to

6、a new pill to prevent heart disease and stroke. The Sun said the pill, called Ateronon, “could save thousands of lives”. The Daily Telegraph said that the new product contains a natural thing found in tomatoes that is a powerful antioxidant. The newspaper said the pill can prevent the build-up of fa

7、t. What is the main idea? A. How we can prevent heart disease. B. A new pill gets much media attention. C. The build-up of fat is harmful. D. A natural thing was found in tomatoes.Passage 1 Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But

8、 there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe. (陜西陜西 2012) The text mainly discusses the relationship between _. A. heart problems and air quality B. heart problems and exercising C. heart problems and smoking D. heart problems and fatty foodAPassa

9、ge 2Passage 3 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studi

10、es have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?議論文議論文總總-分分-總總What is the main idea ?A.cigarette smoking can cause cancerB. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease (illne

11、ss)C. smoking also can cause other health problemsD. smoking is harmfulDPassage 4/5技巧二技巧二: 從段落中從段落中歸納要點歸納要點抓大意，理清線索抓大意，理清線索. 有些文章或段落無明顯的主題句有些文章或段落無明顯的主題句, 只是暗示性地只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題體現(xiàn)主題. 這就要求考生在閱讀過程中根據(jù)文中這就要求考生在閱讀過程中根據(jù)文中所敘述的所敘述的事實事實或提供的或提供的線索線索來概括總結(jié)主旨大來概括總結(jié)主旨大意意Three main steps: First, get the main idea of eac

12、h paragraph. Second, summarize the main idea in our own words, according to the structure of the passage. Third, compare it with the choices to see which one is the best.Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of

13、Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that _. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to an

14、other university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education.1 Magellan and his men were the first to make the trip around the world. I

15、t took them more than two years to do so by ship.2 Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On August 10, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very of

16、ten they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continue

17、d their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. In the end, they returned to Spain on September 6, 1522.3 Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is a huge ball. Which of the following do you

18、think is the best title for this passage?A.Magellans death.B.Going around the World.C.The World Is Round.D.Magellans Voyage.1 Magellan and his men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world

19、.2 Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On August 10, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months

20、 and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust（木屑）（木屑）. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. I

21、t was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. In the end, they returned to Spain on September 6 ,1522.The process of Magellans long voyage3 Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is a huge ball.Magellans voyage proved that the ear

22、th is round.1 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.2 Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On August 10, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, t

23、hey reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magella

24、n got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. In the end they returned to Spain on September 6,1522.3 Magellans voyage proved that men could sail aroun

25、d the world and that our earth is a huge ball. Paragraph 1:Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .Paragraph 2:The process of Magellans long voyageParagraph 3: Magellans voyage proved that the earth is round.Magellans voyage技巧三：技巧三： 找關(guān)聯(lián)詞找關(guān)聯(lián)詞文中出現(xiàn)的連詞（轉(zhuǎn)折文中出現(xiàn)的連詞（轉(zhuǎn)折but/ however，因果，因果 so/ th

26、erefore，或一些常見但在文章中間出現(xiàn)，或一些常見但在文章中間出現(xiàn)有一定目的的詞（有一定目的的詞（in fact, the study shows that, for example, in short）, 這些詞后面這些詞后面所闡述的往往就是與主題相關(guān)的所闡述的往往就是與主題相關(guān)的 。 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi- onal criminal. And the man who knows

27、“everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses（荒野）（荒野） do provide useful services, such as water conserv

28、ation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resource

29、s have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characte

30、ristic worth valuing above all others. （北京（北京 20122012） What is the main idea of Para. 3? A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people. B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials. C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation. D. All the characte

31、ristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.C技巧四技巧四: 從段落中從段落中尋找高頻率詞尋找高頻率詞 任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此，許多文章中最明顯的特點之一是有一個反復(fù)出許多文章中最明顯的特點之一是有一個反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞高頻詞，也叫做，也叫做主題詞。主題詞。 A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway s

32、ystem. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic

33、 to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a water