商英專(zhuān)業(yè)開(kāi)題報(bào)告

1、開(kāi)題報(bào)告： Research Proposal 班級(jí) 商務(wù)英語(yǔ) 5班 學(xué)號(hào) 15 姓名 袁斯信 Title of my thesis 英文標(biāo)題 The study of the Theory of Conversational Implicature 中文標(biāo)題 會(huì)話(huà)含義理論的學(xué)習(xí)研究 Significance of Study The second major theory in pragmatics is the Theory of Conversational Implicature proposed by Grice, which plays an important role in t

2、he linguistics. The study of the Theory of Conversational Implicature contributes to the better understanding in daily conversations, which is helpful to perfect communication between people. Therefore, understanding conversational implicature in a right way is good for improving conversation effect

3、. It is also expected that this study can help shed some light on the application of pragmatics. Literature review As an important part of pragmatics, conversational implicature has caught much attention by the scholars at home and abroad. The following is a detailed description of the development o

4、f conversational implicature and main viewpoints. At abroad, Grice makes great contribution to the studying of the theory. There is evidence that Grice began to formulate his ideas of this theory in the fifties, but it was through the William James lectures he delivered at Harvard in 1967 that this

5、theory first became known to the public. Grices theory has accomplished the transition from meaning to implicature, which is a big achievement in the study of pragmatics and he has obtained great honors for this research. Grice noticed that in daily conversations people do not usually say things dir

6、ectly but tend to imply them. In other words ,we seem to follow some principle that make your conversational contribution such as is required ,at the stage at which it occurs ,by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. This principle is known as the COOPERATI

7、VEP RINCIPLE.T he cooperative principle has four categories of maxims including quantity (make your contribution as informative as is required), quality (try to make your contribution one that is true), relation (be relevant), manner (be perspicuous). In the real communication, people often violate

8、the maxims on purpose to make the talk exchanges more smoothly and successfully. It is violation of the maxims that results in conversational implicature. In Grices view, conversational implicatures can only be worked out on the basis of the cooperative principle. On the basis of identifying coopera

9、tive principles, some scholars provide some other principles. Beyond all questions, Leech is the representative of such practice. On the basis of cooperative principles, he established another parallel principle which named politeness principle. Some scholars throw off the cooperative completely to

10、establish a new principle, and the representatives are Sperber and Wilson who established the Relevance theory. They all have made great effort to the perfection of Conversational Implicature Theory. In China, at the very start, the cooperative principle is introduced to China by Hu Zhuang lin in hi

11、s article Pragmatics in 1980; Three years later, Cheng Yumin introduces the cooperative principle in details in the article Grices Conversational Implicature. Shen Jiaxuan has translated the article The Second Topic of Pragmatics：Conversational Implicatrue which has had great influence in the academ

12、ic circles. Besides articles, the cooperative principle has also been written into some textbooks such as a course in Pragmatics by Suo Zhenyu. The applied research on the cooperative principle is mainly reflected in the fields of translation teaching and advertisement. There are a lot of achievemen

13、ts in the theoretical research of the Conversational Implicature. Based on the new achievement of foreign linguistics, Suo Zhenyu devotes himself to set up the linguistic theory which has the Chinese cultural characteristics and explains the verbal communication phenomenon of the Han nationality. Ac

14、cording to the verbal communication facts, he shows the general principle governing speech communication the principle of appropriateness. It not only can explain some important questions which the cooperative principle can not explain, but also is easier for the communicators to master. From the po

15、int of the Han culture, Qian Guanlian does not regard the Cooperative Principle as the general principle of verbal communication, and he has set up the purpose-intention principle. In his view of point, being used with certain pragmatic strategy, the purpose-intention principle can carry out pragmat

16、ic effect on the utterance of the communicators. (Qian Guanlian, 2002:150-164) The research above can be viewed as the quintessence of the theoretical research on the Cooperative Principle in China. They improve it from different aspects and provide various thoughts and methods for our research on v

17、erbal communication. In addition, some other scholars make a good analysis about the relationship between the Cooperative Principle and its maxims. In recent years, there are many implicature researches and Xu Shenghen have made great contribution to the research of implicature. The Limitations of t

18、he Research in China It has been decades since Chinas scholars have made researches on the Cooperative Principle in 1980s. We can find that the present researches on the Cooperative Principle have both theoretical and practical value. However， there are still some limitations in our researches. Our

19、research focuses on the introduction of Cooperative Principle. The introductive articles mostly copied the original, and they were sometimes lack of their own opinion and the scope of the research is narrow. They are limited in part of the application area of language. They are short of study on the

20、 culture, psychology, society and so on. Key points Key points: The thesis focuses on the discussion of the study of the Theory of Conversational Implicature, and there are three main principles, including conversational implicature, cooperative principle; politeness principle Outline Introduction 1

21、. Conversational Implicature Definition Classification of Conversational Implicature characteristics of Implicature Conversational Implicature in business English conversation 2. Cooperative principle Definition The four maxims and violation of the maxims 2.2.1 Quantity 2.2.2 Quality 2.2.3 Relation

22、2.2.4 Manner 3. Leechs Politeness Principle Definition and study of Leechs Politeness Principle Interaction between Politeness Principle and Cooperative Principle Conclusion 1. Limitations of the Study 2. Suggestions for Further Study Bibliography 1 Grice, H. Logic and Conversation, Cambridge: Cambr

23、idge University Press, 1975. 2 Hu Zhuang-Iin. Linguistics A Course Book 2ed Edition. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2001. 3 Hughes, J. Business English: Why and When to Do a Course in General Business English , 199596): 9 一 10 4 Stuart C. Poole, An introduction to Linguistics, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000. 5