高一英語(yǔ)必修一公開(kāi)課基本句型研究PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1高一英語(yǔ)必修一公開(kāi)課基本句型研究高一英語(yǔ)必修一公開(kāi)課基本句型研究詞類詞類作作 用用例例 詞詞1. （n.）名名 詞詞表示人或事表示人或事物的名稱。物的名稱。I bought a book .She is a student.2. (pron.）代詞代詞代替名詞、代替名詞、數(shù)詞等。數(shù)詞等。This is my friend. He likes that book becauseit is very useful to him. Parts of Speach第1頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)3. （adj.）形容詞形容詞表示人表示人或事物或事物的特征的特征或性狀?；蛐誀?。He is small but h

2、e is clever. The red pen is useful for the teacher. He painted the wall white yesterday.第2頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)4. (num.）數(shù)詞數(shù)詞表示數(shù)表示數(shù)目或順目或順序。序。There are ten apples on the table and I will take the first one.5. （v.）動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞表示動(dòng)表示動(dòng)作或狀作或狀態(tài)。態(tài)。We are working hard at English.I want to become an engineer.第3頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)6. （adv.）副副 詞詞表

3、示動(dòng)表示動(dòng)作的特作的特征或性征或性狀特征。狀特征。I like English very much.The teacher treats us kindly .The train goes fast. He seldom comes to see us. 7. (prep.）介介 詞詞表示名表示名詞、代詞、代詞和其詞和其他詞之他詞之間的關(guān)間的關(guān)系。系。He usually stay at home on Sundays.第4頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)8. （conj.）連詞連詞連接詞與詞連接詞與詞或句與句的或句與句的作用。作用。He and I are in the same class and we ar

4、e good friends. Two or three of us can dance well but I cant .9. (interj.）感嘆詞感嘆詞表示強(qiáng)烈的表示強(qiáng)烈的感情感情Oh ! How beautiful the scene is! What a good idea! Goodness !10. （art.）冠詞冠詞用來(lái)限制名用來(lái)限制名詞的意義詞的意義I have a pet dog . The dog is very lovely. He is an old man but very strong.第5頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)一、主語(yǔ)一、主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)（主語(yǔ)（subject）：）：句子說(shuō)明

5、的人或事物。句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。主語(yǔ)一般位于主語(yǔ)一般位于_ 。1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard.3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.4.Playing football after school is great fun.句首句首第6頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)二、謂語(yǔ)二、謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ):說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么做什么或或怎么樣怎么樣。通常由。通常由_ 充當(dāng)充當(dāng).動(dòng)詞常分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞常分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞.動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞第7頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和和助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)充

6、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ).They can speak English well.They are playing over there.第8頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，只有）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，只有be一詞一詞He is a teacher. 2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有或態(tài)度，主要有keep, remain, stayHe always kept silent at meeting. 他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉

7、默。3）變化系動(dòng)詞，表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，主要有）變化系動(dòng)詞，表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, comeHe became mad after that. 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞第9頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)4）表像系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示）表像系動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示看起來(lái)像看起來(lái)像這這一概念，主要有一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：例如：He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.5）感官系動(dòng)詞，主要有）感官系動(dòng)詞，主要有feel, smell, sound, tasteThis flower smell

8、s very sweet. 第10頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)三、賓語(yǔ)三、賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么。一：動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么。一般放在般放在_或或_后面后面.1.We study English. 2.Our teacher said that he would go there.3.He is looking at the dog.雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ)：指人的是間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的是直接賓語(yǔ)。：指人的是間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的是直接賓語(yǔ)。 He gave me two books.及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞介介詞詞第11頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)：跟在連系動(dòng)詞后面的詞語(yǔ)或從句：跟在連系動(dòng)詞后面的詞語(yǔ)或從句,用用來(lái)

9、說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份,特征特征,狀態(tài)狀態(tài).The trees turn green. The flower is beautiful .四、表語(yǔ)四、表語(yǔ)第12頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾_. This is a red car. The building is their teaching building. The woman doctor is my wife. I have something to tell you. The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. Every student has an English book.

10、五、定語(yǔ)五、定語(yǔ)名詞名詞第13頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)狀語(yǔ)：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全狀語(yǔ)：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、因果、句，說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、因果、條件、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。條件、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。 六、狀語(yǔ)六、狀語(yǔ)第14頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)John often came to chat with me( ) As he was ill, he didnt come to class yesterday. ( )She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework. ( )My father worked in this sc

11、hool ten years ago.( )Though he is young, he knows a lot.( )He came running.( )程度，目的程度，目的地點(diǎn)，伴隨地點(diǎn)，伴隨地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間讓步讓步方式方式原因原因第15頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)七、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)七、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Everyone calls him Jack. （賓補(bǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）He is called Jack.（主補(bǔ)）（主補(bǔ)）第16頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)八、同位語(yǔ)八、同位語(yǔ)第17頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1. The sun rises in the east. （ ） 2. He likes dancing. （ ）3. Two will be en

12、ough.( ) 4. Seeing is believing. （ ） 6. To see is to believe. （ ） 7. When to hold the meeting has not been decided yet. ( )8. What he needs is a book. （ ）9. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （ ）名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞不定式不定式疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+不定式不定式從句從句It作形式主語(yǔ)，作形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)從句是真正的主

13、語(yǔ)第18頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)當(dāng)當(dāng)不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句在某個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)在某個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后平衡，避免頭重腳輕，時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后平衡，避免頭重腳輕，因此常用因此常用it作形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ)置于置于句首句首，而將真正的，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句尾。此時(shí)主語(yǔ)放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無(wú)詞義。身無(wú)詞義。什么情況下用什么情況下用it作形式主語(yǔ)？作形式主語(yǔ)？第19頁(yè)/共45頁(yè) 你能劃出下列句子的真正的主語(yǔ)嗎你能劃出下列句子的真正的主語(yǔ)嗎?你懂得翻你懂得翻譯下列句子嗎？譯下列句子嗎？1) It is wrong to tell a lie.

14、 ( ) 2) It is no use arguing about it. ( ) 3) It is uncertain who will come. ( ) 說(shuō)謊是錯(cuò)誤的。說(shuō)謊是錯(cuò)誤的。爭(zhēng)吵是沒(méi)用的。爭(zhēng)吵是沒(méi)用的。誰(shuí)要來(lái)還不確定。誰(shuí)要來(lái)還不確定。第20頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1.She lived a happy life.( )2.I love you.( )3.We need two.( )4.Do you mind my opening the door?( )5.He began to learn English a year ago.( )6.He did not know what to

15、say.( )7.Did you write down what she said? ( )8. She felt it her duty to take good care of them.( )名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞不定式不定式疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+不定式不定式從句從句It作形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)作形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)第21頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1. He is a teacher. ( )2. My idea is this.( )3. She was the first to arrive.( )4. I feel much better today./I must be o

16、ff now. ( )5. He is out of danger.( )6. The news was exciting./They were excited at the news.( )7. What surprised me most was that he spoke Chinese so well.( )名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞從句從句形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)分詞分詞第22頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1. Its a red car.( )2. They live in the room above.( )3. My brother is a teacher.( )4. We bel

17、ong to the third world.( )5. Lucys father is a poor worker.( )6. Mother made a birthday cake for me.( )7. The man under the tree is my teacher.( )8. The swimming boy is my brother./The boy swimming in the river is my brother. ( )形容形容詞詞副詞副詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞名詞所有格名詞所有格名詞名詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞第23頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)9. I liked the

18、 food cooked by my mother./Retired people have a good time at home.( )10.There are two things to be discussed today.（ ）11.Will you tell us about your teaching plan?（ ）12.This is the very book that I need. （ ）過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞不定式不定式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞從句從句第24頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)1. He is often late for class.( )2. We saw that picture at

19、the cinema.( )3. He sat there smoking.( )4. They returned tired and hungry. （ ）5. They did everything they could to save the boys life. （ ）6. Although he is young, he knows a lot. ( )7. The box is so heavy that I cant lift it. ( )副詞，程副詞，程度度介詞短語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)介詞短語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)分詞，伴分詞，伴隨隨不定式，目的不定式，目的形容詞，狀態(tài)形容詞，狀態(tài)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

20、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句第25頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)9. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. （ ）10.H e w a s a n g r y b e c a u s e w e w e r e l a t e ( ）11.If it rains tomorrow, we wont go out.( ) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句第26頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)形容形容詞詞名詞名詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞省略掉省略掉to的不定式的不定式不定式不定式第27頁(yè)/共45

21、頁(yè)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 (complex sentence)第28頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第29頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)基本句型五：基本句型五： n（主謂賓賓（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）補(bǔ)）第30頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第31頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)SVShecooksHeis workingWhat he saiddoes not matter.The pen writes smoothly.第32頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第33頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)SVPHeishappy.Everything looksnice. His faceturnedred.第34頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第35頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)SVOWeTheyHeShestudyar

22、e playingenjoyssaidEnglish everyday.football.reading.“Good morning.”第36頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第37頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)SV（及物）（及物） OOIgivehima book.My mother boughtmea pen yesterday.Ishowedhimmy picture.第38頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)第39頁(yè)/共45頁(yè)SV（及物）（及物）O (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))C（賓補(bǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）Wemust keepthe dooropen.The newsmakesmehappy.WecallhimJim.Hetoldme to wash the plates.Isawa thiefgoing into your room.第40頁(yè)/共45頁(yè) 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)