如何寫(xiě)正規(guī)英文報(bào)告report

1、An email to meReflect upon your learning in this course, and write an email to me to address the following questions:Do you think you have learned anything from this course? If yes, what have you learned? Do you think after this courses study you will more consciously analyze texts, when you read th

2、em, in terms of their language use, tone, rhetorical structure, and function?Do you think after this courses study youll proceed (business) writing by taking into consideration the audience and purpose?Do you find the project useful? If yes, in what way? Do you find any differences (gap) between rea

3、l-world business texts and business texts showcased in the course? Do you find this kind of reflection useful for preparing you for your future communicative tasks in your work?In your group project, you must have collaborated with each other. At the same time there must have been disagreements or e

4、ven conflicts in your group work. How did you solve your conflicts? And what do you think you have learned from this experience?Formal ReportsPRESENTING THE FINAL REPORTLong reports are generally organized into three major divisions: prefatory parts* Title page* Letter of Transmittal* Table of Conte

5、nts* Executive Summary, Abstract, Synopsis (2) body (3) supplementary parts. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ROXBURY INDUSTRIAL PARK ON THE CITY OF BOSTONPrepared forThe Boston City Council Boston, MassachusettsPrepared by Diana Del RioSenior Research Consultant Del Rio Industrial ConsultantsJanuary 10, 2OO9Titl

6、e pageInclude report title in all caps with longer line above shorter lineHighlight name of report recipientIdentifies report writerNotice that no page number appears on the title page, although it is counted as page i.The title page is usually in four evenly balanced areas. To careful to avoid anyt

7、hing unprofessionalsuch as too many type fonts, italics, oversized print, and inappropriate graphics.Keep the title page simple and professional.DEL RIO INDUSTRIAL CONSULTANTS 588 Park Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02116 (617) 549-1101January 12, 2009City Council City of Boston Boston, MA 02290Dear C

8、ouncil Members:The attached report, requested by the Boston City Council in a letter to Goldman-Lyon & Associates dated May 20, describes the economic impact of Roxbury Industrial Park on the city of Boston. We believe you will find the results of this study useful in evaluating future development o

9、f industrial parks within the city limits.This study was designed to examine economic impact in three areas: Current and projected tax and other revenues accruing to the city from Roxbury Industrial Park Current and projected employment generated by the park Indirect effects on local employment, inc

10、ome, and economic growthPrimary research consisted of interviews with 15 Roxbury Industrial Park tenants and managers, in addition to a 2001 survey of over 5,000 RIP employees. Secondary research sources included the Annual Budget of the City of Boston, county and state tax records, government publi

11、cations, periodicals, books, and online resources. Results of this research, discussed more fully in this report, indicate that Roxbury Industrial Park exerts a significant beneficial influence on the Boston metropolitan economy.We would be pleased to discuss this report and its conclusions with you

12、 at your request. My firm and I thank you for your confidence in selecting our company to prepare this comprehensive report.Sincerely,Diana Del RioSenior Research ConsultantA letter of transmittal announces the report topic and explains who authorized it. It briefly describes the project, previews t

13、he conclusions, and closes by expressing appreciation for the assignment, suggesting follow-up actions, acknowledging the help of others, or offering to answer questions.TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY . iiiPROBLEM . 1BACKGROUND . 1DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS .2 Revenues .2Sales and Use Revenues .3Oth

14、er Revenues .3Projections .3 Employment .3Distribution .3Wages .4Projections .5CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .5WORKS CITED .6LIST OF FIGURESFigure1 Revenues Received by the City of Boston from Roxbury Industrial Park .22 Employment Distribution of Industry Groups .43 Average Annual Wages by Indust

15、ry Groups . .4 iiNotice that the titles of major report parts are in all caps, while other headings are a combination of upper- and lowercase letters. The style duplicates those in the report.Indents secondary headings to show levels of outlineEXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe city of Boston can benefit from the

16、 development of industrial parks like the Roxbury Industrial Park. Both direct and indirect economic benefits result, as shown by this in-depth study conducted by Del Rio Industrial Consultants. The study was authorized by the Boston City Council when Goldman-Lyon & Associates sought the City Counci

17、ls approval for the proposed construction of a G-L industrial park. The City Council requested evidence demonstrating that an existing development could actually benefit the city.Our conclusion that the city of Boston benefits from industrial parks is based on data supplied by a survey of 5,000 Roxb

18、ury Industrial Park employees, personal interviews with managers and tenants of HIP, city and state documents, and professional literature.Analysis of the data revealed benefits in three areas: Revenues. The city of Boston earned nearly $1 million in tax and other revenues from the Roxbury Industria

19、l Park in 1997. By 2004 this income is expected to reach $1.7 million (in constant 1997 dollars). Employment. In 1997, RIP businesses employed a total of 7,035 workers, who earned an average wage of $84,980. By 8004, RIP businesses are expected to employ directly nearly 15,000 employees who will ear

20、n salaries totaling over $450 million. Indirect benefits. Because of the multiplier effect, by 3004 Roxbury Industrial Park will directly and indirectly generate a total of 38,362 jobs in the Boston metropolitan area.On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that development of additional in

21、dustrial parks he encouraged to stimulate local economic growth.iiiAn executive summary or abstract highlights report findings, data sources, conclusions, and recommendations. Its length depends on the report it summarizes. A 100-page report might require a 10-page summary. Unlike letters of transmi

22、ttal (which may contain personal pronouns and references to the writer), the executive summary of a long report is formal and impersonal.ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ROXBURY INDUSTRIAL PARKPROBLEMThis study was designed to analyze the direct and indirect economic impact of Roxbury Industrial Park on the city

23、of Boston. Specifically, the study seeks answers to these questions: What current tax and other revenues result directly from this park? What tax and other revenues may be expected in the future? How many and what kind of jobs are directly attributable to the park? What is the employment picture for

24、 the future? What indirect effects has Roxbury Industrial Park had on local employment, incomes, and economic growth?BACKGROUNDThe development firm of Goldman-Lyon & Associates commissioned this study of Roxbury Industrial Park at the request of the Boston City Council. Before authorizing the develo

25、pment of a proposed Goldman-Lyon industrial park, the City Council requested a study examining the economic effects of an existing park. Members of the City Council wanted to determine to what extent industrial parks benefit the local community, and they chose Roxbury Industrial Park as an example.F

26、or those who are unfamiliar with it, Roxbury Industrial Park is a 400-acre industrial park located in the city of Boston about 4 miles from the center of the city. Most of the area lies within a specially designated area known as Redevelopment Project No. 2, which is under the jurisdiction of the Bo

27、ston Redevelopment Agency. Planning for the park began in 1989; construction started in 1991.1The first page of a formal report contains the title printed 2 inches from the top edge. Titles for major parts of a report are centered in all caps. Most business reports would use descriptive headings or

28、a combination such as FINDINGS REVEAL REVENUE AND EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS. Describes authorization for report and background of studyThe park now contains 14 building complexes with over 1.25 million square feet of completed building space. The majority of the buildings are used for office, research and

29、 development, marketing and distribution, or manufacturing uses. Approximately 50 acres of the original area are yet to be developed.Data for this report carne from a 2001 survey of over 5,000 Roxbury Industrial Park employees, interviews with 15 RIP tenants and managers, the Annual Budget of the Ci

30、ty of Boston, county and state tax records, current books, articles, journals, and online resources. Projections for future revenues resulted from analysis of past trends and Estimates of Revenues for Debt Service Coverage, Redevelopment Project Area 3 (Miller 79).DISCUSSION OP FINDINGSThe results o

31、f this research indicate that major direct and indirect benefits have accrued to the city of Boston and surrounding metropolitan areas as a result of the development of Roxbury Industrial Park. The research findings presented here fall into three categories: (a) revenues, (b) employment, and (c) ind

32、irect effects.RevenuesRoxbury Industrial Park contributes a variety of tax and other revenues to the city of Boston, as summarized in Figure 1. Current revenues are shown, along with projections to the year 2006. At a time when the economy is unstable, revenues from an industrial park such as Roxbur

33、y can become a reliable income stream for the city of Boston.Figure 1REVENUES RECEIVED BY THE CITY OF BOSTON FROM ROXBUHY INDUSTRIAL PARKCurrent Revenues and Projections to 2006 2001 2006 Sales and use taxes $604,140 $1,035,390 Revenues from licenses 126,265 216,396 Franchise taxes 75,518 129,424 St

34、ate gas tax receipts 53,768 98,134 Licenses and permits 48,331 82,831 Other revenues 64,039 111,987 Total $972,061 $1,668,162 Source: Massachusetts State Board of Equalization Bulletin. Boston: State Printing Office, 2003, 103.2Many businesses prefer single-spacing as it saves space. If you single-s

35、pace, do not indent paragraphs. If you double-space, do indent paragraphs. Provides specifics for data sources. You should follow citation style of either MLA or APA. Places figures close to textual reference, and number them consecutively.The depth of discussion depends on the expectations of the r

36、eader. To be formal in tone, avoid “I” or “we” in discussions. Graphic ObjectiveTableTo show exact figures and valuesBar chartTo compare one item with othersLine chartTo demonstrate changes in quantitative data over timePie chartTo visualize a whole unit and the proportions of its componentsFlow cha

37、rtTo display a process or procedureOrganization chartTo define a hierarchy of elementsPhotograph, Map, IllustrationTo create authenticity, to spotlight a location, and to show an item in useFigure 1MPM ENTERTAINMENT COMPANYIncome by Division (in millions of dollars)THEME PARKSMOTION PICTURESVIDEOTOT

38、AL200015.839.311.266.3200118.117.515.350.9200223.821.222.767.6200332.22224.378.5200435.12126.182.2Tips for making good tables Provide clear heads for rows and columns. Identify the units in which figures are given (percentages, dollars, units per work hour, and so forth) in the table, in the column

39、or row head. Place titles and labels at the top of the table. Arrange items in a logical order (alphabetical, chronological, geographical, highest to lowest) depending on what you need to emphasize. Make long tables easier to read by shading alternate lines or by leaving a blank line after groups of

40、 five. Place tables as close as possible to the place where they are mentioned in the text.Figure 3Percentage of Total Income by DivisionFigure 4COMPARISON OF DIVISION REVENUES2000 TO 2004ProjectionsBy 2006 Roxbury Industrial Park is expected to more than double its number of employees, bringing the

41、 total to over 15,000 workers. The total payroll in 2006 will also more than double, producing over $656 million (using constant 2001 dollars) in salaries to RIP employees. These projections are based on an 8 percent growth rate (Miller 78), along with anticipated increased employment as the park re

42、aches its capacity.Future development in the park will influence employment and payrolls. One RIP project manager stated in an interview that much of the remaining 50 acres is planned for medium-rise office buildings, garden offices, and other structures for commercial, professional, and personal se

43、rvices (Novak). Average wages for employees are expected to increase because of an anticipated shift to higher-paying white-collar jobs. Industrial parks often follow a similar pattern of evolution (Badri 41). Like many industrial parks, RIP evolved from a warehousing center into a manufacturing com

44、plex.CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSAnalysis of tax revenues, employment data, personal interviews, and professional literature leads to the following conclusions and recommendations about the economic impact of Roxbury Industrial Park on the city of Boston:1. Sales tax and other revenues produced n

45、early $ 1 million in income to the city of Boston in 2OO1. By 2006 sales tax and other revenues are expected to produce $1.7 million in city income.2. RIP currently employs 7,035 employees, the majority of whom are working in manufacturing and assembly. The average employee in 2001 earned $45,900.3.

46、 By 2006 RIP is expected to employ more than 15,000 workers producing a total payroll of over $656 million.4. Employment trends indicate that by 2006 more RIP employees will be engaged in higher-paying white-collar positions.On the basis of these findings, we recommend that the City Council of Bosto

47、n authorize the development of additional industrial parks to stimulate local economic growth.After discussing and interpreting the research findings, the writer articulates what she considers the most important conclusions and recommendations.Longer, more complex reports may have separate sections for conclusions and recommendations.Notice that it is unnecessary to start a new page for the conclusions.WORKS CITEDBadri, Masood A. Infrastructure, Trends, and Economic Effects of Industrial Parks. Industry Week. 1 A