module3musicGrammar

1、高一外研版必修二高一外研版必修二 Module 3 Music Grammar時間狀語從句時間狀語從句定義：時間狀語從句是指由一個完整的句子充定義：時間狀語從句是指由一個完整的句子充 當(dāng)時間狀語。當(dāng)時間狀語。用法：時間狀語從句常用用法：時間狀語從句常用when，as，while， before，after，since，till，until，as soon as，hardlywhen, no soonerthan, the moment, the minute 等連詞引導(dǎo)。等連詞引導(dǎo)。eg. 1. When he opened his eyes, he found himself in a to

2、tally different place. 2. After he was told the news, he was shocked. 3. Ill let you get the book the day I finish reading it. 4. By the time he was ten he had mastered more than 2000 English words. 時間狀語從句一般不用將來時態(tài)。當(dāng)主句為將來時態(tài)時，時間狀語從句用一般時態(tài)表示將來。如：明天干完活我們會呆在家里的. We will stay at home tomorrow after we fini

3、sh the work.他來了我會告訴他一切的。I will tell him everything when he comes. 常見的從屬連詞的辨析常見的從屬連詞的辨析1. when, while, as表示表示“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r候的時候”when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞既可以是延續(xù)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動詞也可以是非延續(xù)性動詞性動詞也可以是非延續(xù)性動詞 while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞所表示的動作引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞所表示的動作與主句中的動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，從句與主句中的動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，從句要用延續(xù)性動詞；表現(xiàn)在句子中，句子的謂語要用延續(xù)性動詞；表現(xiàn)在句子中，句子的

4、謂語多用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。多用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。As 所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞所表示的動作所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的動詞所表示的動作與主句中的動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)與主句中的動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)“一面一面一面一面”。當(dāng)時鐘敲了十二下，燈全部都熄了。當(dāng)時鐘敲了十二下，燈全部都熄了。When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out.當(dāng)他看見她的時候，當(dāng)他看見她的時候， 舉帽示敬。舉帽示敬。He raised his hat when he saw her.當(dāng)兩個物體摩擦?xí)r就會產(chǎn)生熱。當(dāng)兩個物體摩擦?xí)r就會產(chǎn)生熱。 When two bodies

5、are rubbed together, heat is produced.你去圖書館時，不要忘記替我還這本書。你去圖書館時，不要忘記替我還這本書。Dont forget to return this book for me, when you go to the library.趁熱打鐵。趁熱打鐵。Strike while the iron is hot.我們到達(dá)北京時，天正在下雨。我們到達(dá)北京時，天正在下雨。When we arrived in Beijing, it was raining. (arrive不是延續(xù)性的動詞不是延續(xù)性的動詞)別人在工作的時候，請不要大聲講話。別人在工作的時

6、候，請不要大聲講話。Please dont talk so loud while people are working.在用在用when和和while 連接的從句中，常省連接的從句中，常省略與主句相同的主語和相應(yīng)的略與主句相同的主語和相應(yīng)的be，而在，而在as連接的從句中一般則不省略。如：連接的從句中一般則不省略。如：木頭燃燒時冒出許多煙。木頭燃燒時冒出許多煙。 Wood gives much smoke while (it is) burning. 他在閱讀語法書的時候睡著了。他在閱讀語法書的時候睡著了。He fell asleep while (he was) studying his g

7、rammar book.他在倫敦的時候，研究音樂。他在倫敦的時候，研究音樂。While in London, he studied music.金屬受熱時膨脹。金屬受熱時膨脹。When (they are) heated, metals expand.when和和while還可作并列連詞用：還可作并列連詞用：when作作“那時那時”解，前面有逗號，不能用解，前面有逗號，不能用while代替；代替；while表示對比，作表示對比，作“而而”解，解，前面常有逗號。前面常有逗號。女王將于五月訪問該城，屆時她將主持女王將于五月訪問該城，屆時她將主持一所新醫(yī)院的開幕式。一所新醫(yī)院的開幕式。The Que

8、en will visit the town in May, when she will open the new hospital.燒瓶燒瓶 (flask)中的水一會兒就要開中的水一會兒就要開了，那時你可把涼水澆在燒瓶上。了，那時你可把涼水澆在燒瓶上。Soon the water in the flask will boil, when you may pour some cold water over it.一些材料是可焊的，而另一些則一些材料是可焊的，而另一些則是不可焊的。是不可焊的。Some materials are wieldable, while others are not.凱

9、特邊走邊讀書。凱特邊走邊讀書。Kate read the book as she went along.當(dāng)汽車行駛得越來越快時，它得到當(dāng)汽車行駛得越來越快時，它得到的動能也越來越多。的動能也越來越多。As the car moved faster and faster, it gained more and more kinetic energy.我們邊聽課邊記筆記。我們邊聽課邊記筆記。We took notes as we listened to the lecture.隨著婦女就業(yè)普遍了，男職工分擔(dān)了隨著婦女就業(yè)普遍了，男職工分擔(dān)了家務(wù)勞動。家務(wù)勞動。As it became more c

10、ommon for women to work outside the house, men began to share the housework.用用 when/ while/ as 填空：填空： 1. _ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2. _ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3. I saw her just _ she was getting off the train. WhenWhile / Whenas 1.When it was perform

11、ed in America, there was an audience of 100,000 people.2. When he was very young, Mozart had a lot of musical talent.3. While he was still a teenager, he was a big star.4. As he grew older, he began to go deaf.“When” is used when the sentences refer to a single event in the past.“When” and “while” a

12、re used when the sentences refer to a period of time in the past.“As” is used when the sentences refer to a progressive change. Match the two parts of the sentences.Answer: 1. b2. d3. c4. aWork in four. Make sentences similar to those in Part 2, using when, by the time, while, as. Possible answers:W

13、hile he was a child, he lived in the countryside.When he was young, he lived with his grandmother.When he lived in Hunan Province, he collected folk songs and music.While he lived in Hunan Province, he planted rice.When he attended Central Conservatory of Music, he heard western music for the first

14、time.2. till , until表示表示“一直到一直到時時”，用，用till，主句和從主句和從句都用肯定形式。表示句都用肯定形式。表示“直到直到才才”時，用時，用 until，主句用否定形式，從句用，主句用否定形式，從句用肯定形式，間或也用肯定形式，間或也用till。until可放句首?？煞啪涫住Ｈ纾喝纾?到他媽媽進(jìn)來他才起床到他媽媽進(jìn)來他才起床。He didnt get up until his mother came in.那個年輕人看書一直到熄燈。那個年輕人看書一直到熄燈。The young man read till the light went out. 用用till/ un

15、til填空填空1. I waited _ he came back. 2. It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him.3. He didt study _ it was 8 clock. till/until until till/ until3. hardly/scarcelywhen; no soonerthan; as soon as 表示表示“一一就就”。在。在hardly/scarcelywhen和和no soonerthan句型中，句型中，when和和than引引導(dǎo)的從句不能放在主句之前導(dǎo)的從句不能放

16、在主句之前; 而而as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句，既可放在主句前，也可放引導(dǎo)的從句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句之后。在主句之后。hardly/scarcely 及及no sooner如置于句首，句子要倒裝。如：如置于句首，句子要倒裝。如：例如：例如：I had no sooner opened the door than he rushed out.= I had hardly opened the door when he rushed out.= Hardly had I opened the door when he rushed out.= No sooner had I opene

17、d the door than he rushed out.= As soon as I opened the door he rushed out.= He rushed out as soon as I opened the door.4. Before 在在之前之前乘客們應(yīng)該在飛機(jī)起飛前的一小時到達(dá)乘客們應(yīng)該在飛機(jī)起飛前的一小時到達(dá)機(jī)場。機(jī)場。The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.他在我可以阻止他之前跑了。他在我可以阻止他之前跑了。He ran off before I

18、could stop him. 我不久之后就把它全忘了。我不久之后就把它全忘了。It was not long before I forgot it all.5. After 在在之后之后她下課后就回家了。她下課后就回家了。She went home after class.乘客們都登機(jī)后飛機(jī)就起飛了。乘客們都登機(jī)后飛機(jī)就起飛了。The plane took off after all the passengers aboarded. 6. Since自從自從, 通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。時。在我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我就從沒再去過那兒在我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我就從沒再去過那兒I have never

19、 been there again since I graduated from the university.自從他成為領(lǐng)航員之后，這個船長幾乎自從他成為領(lǐng)航員之后，這個船長幾乎游遍了世界各地。游遍了世界各地。The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.7. As soon as 一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.杰克一好就去上學(xué)了。杰克一好就去上學(xué)了。Ill ring you up as soon as I get

20、an answer from him. 我一得到他的答復(fù)就會給你打電話。我一得到他的答復(fù)就會給你打電話。8. Once 一旦一旦就就一旦見到他一旦見到他, 你就再也忘不掉他了。你就再也忘不掉他了。Once you see him, you will never forget him. 你一旦把郵件發(fā)出去以后就再也不能撤你一旦把郵件發(fā)出去以后就再也不能撤回它了。回它了。You cant get the email back once you have sent it away. 9. every time, each time, next time, the first time, any ti

21、me, all the time等等名詞短語用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示名詞短語用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“每當(dāng)每當(dāng)，每次，每次 ；下次；下次”等。等。Teacher: Bob, can you explain inflation? Bob: Sure. Every time my dad pays the bills, he blows up. Thats inflation.老師：老師：Bob，你能解釋一下，你能解釋一下通貨膨脹嗎？通貨膨脹嗎？Bob：當(dāng)然。我爸爸每次付：當(dāng)然。我爸爸每次付帳單時，他就發(fā)脾氣（爆帳單時，他就發(fā)脾氣（爆炸），那就是通貨膨脹。炸），那就是通貨膨脹。 10. bef

22、ore long / long before :1. before long (= soon; by and by) 不久以不久以后，與過去時或?qū)頃r連用。后，與過去時或?qū)頃r連用。long before/ago 很久以前很久以前, 常與過去時連用。常與過去時連用。 It be + 時間時間 + before 從句從句這本書在不久以后就會出版。這本書在不久以后就會出版。The book will be published before long/soon.不久之后他們就離開了這座城市。不久之后他們就離開了這座城市。They left the city before long/soon.他很久以

23、前就離開了他的家鄉(xiāng)。他很久以前就離開了他的家鄉(xiāng)。He had left his homeland long before liberation.我們不久之后就會再見面的。我們不久之后就會再見面的。It wont be long before we meet again.It is long before 很久才很久才It wont be long before 不久不久就就 考題考題: _ he will return to his native land.A. It is long before thatB. It is before long thatC. It wont be long

24、before It will be before long that1. 我們到這個城市很久之前我們到這個城市很久之前, 彼此就認(rèn)識彼此就認(rèn)識.We had known each other long beforewe came to this city.B2. 我希望不久后再見到你我希望不久后再見到你.I hope I will meet you again before long/soon.3. 他們早就把工作完了他們早就把工作完了.They (had) finished the work long before/ago.1. I had been waiting _ before Joa

25、n arrived. A. some time B. sometimeC. some times D. sometimes2. Mind where you are going _a carhits you.A. while B. when C. after D. before3. Write down the phone number _you forget it. A. while B. when C. after D. beforeADD4. Shake the medicine well _ you take it.A. when B. when C. while D. before5

26、. You must examine your test paper well _ you hand it in. A. when B. when C. while D. beforeDDTranslate these sentences into English1. 他從學(xué)?；貋頃r，他媽媽正在燒飯。他從學(xué)?；貋頃r，他媽媽正在燒飯。When he returned, his mother was cooking.2. 他在看書時，他的妻子一直在燒飯。他在看書時，他的妻子一直在燒飯。 While he was reading, his wife was cooking. 3. 他一邊燒飯一邊唱歌

27、。他一邊燒飯一邊唱歌。As he cooked, he sang.4. 我們正要動身，這時天突然下雨了。我們正要動身，這時天突然下雨了。We were about to start when it began to rain.5. 你喜歡踢足球而我喜歡彈鋼琴。你喜歡踢足球而我喜歡彈鋼琴。You like playing football while I like playing the piano.6. 隨著時間的推移，我們都漸漸長大了。隨著時間的推移，我們都漸漸長大了。As time went by, we all grew up. For more exercises, click her

28、e.1. - Are you ready for Spain? - Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young. (2008上海上海) A. while B. until C. if D. before 2. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. (2008遼寧遼寧) A. once B. when C. since D. although 高考題高考題AB3. _ the Internet is of

29、 great help. I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. (2008湖南湖南) A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. (2008四川四川) A. when B. until C. that D. where BA5. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last yea

30、r. (2008福建福建) A. that B. which C. when D. where6. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get back. (2008北京北京) A. before B. since C. till D. after CA7. He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. asB. if C. unlessD. though 【2012山東卷山東卷】【答案答案】A【解析解

31、析】此處是此處是as引導(dǎo)這個時間狀語從句，這里引導(dǎo)這個時間狀語從句，這里smile和和apologize同時進(jìn)行，同時進(jìn)行，as意為：當(dāng)意為：當(dāng)?shù)臅r候的時候。句意：當(dāng)瑪麗為她喝醉了朋友道歉時，他禮貌。句意：當(dāng)瑪麗為她喝醉了朋友道歉時，他禮貌地微笑著。地微笑著。8. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _ you reach any decision. A. althoughB. before C. becauseD. unless 【2013湖南湖南】【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意，在你做任考查狀語從

32、句。根據(jù)句意，在你做任何決定之前，你得學(xué)會顧及到你的感覺和你做何決定之前，你得學(xué)會顧及到你的感覺和你做此決定的原因，可知答案為此決定的原因，可知答案為B（在（在之前）。之前）。9. I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.A.since B. until C. before D. when 【2013陜西陜西】【答案答案】A【解析解析】考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意及主從句時考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意及主從句時態(tài)即可判斷為態(tài)即可判斷為A項，因為項，因為since從句用一般過去從句用一般過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。

33、譯為：自從我從國外時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。譯為：自從我從國外回來，我已經(jīng)聽說了關(guān)于你的許多好的事情?；貋?，我已經(jīng)聽說了關(guān)于你的許多好的事情。1. 過去完成時的構(gòu)成過去完成時的構(gòu)成助動詞助動詞 had + 過去分詞過去分詞When I got to the station, the train had left.2. 過去完成時的用法過去完成時的用法:主要是表示在過去某個時間，或是動作之主要是表示在過去某個時間，或是動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。也就是過去的前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。也就是過去的過去。過去。3. 常用的幾種方式常用的幾種方式:The Past Perfect Tense 過去完成時過

34、去完成時(1) 用介詞用介詞by, before 等構(gòu)成的時間短語。等構(gòu)成的時間短語。 eg. 到這個月末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了到這個月末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了20首首英文歌。英文歌。We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.(2)用連詞用連詞when, before, after或者短語或者短語by the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。當(dāng)我到達(dá)機(jī)場時，飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。當(dāng)我到達(dá)機(jī)場時，飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.在我起床前，我哥

35、哥就已經(jīng)從家里出在我起床前，我哥哥就已經(jīng)從家里出發(fā)了。發(fā)了。By the time I got up, my brother had left home.今天上午十點(diǎn)鐘前今天上午十點(diǎn)鐘前,他已完成了這項工他已完成了這項工作。作。 He had finished the work before ten oclock this morning. (3) 在在when,before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，如果時間狀語從句的動作從句中，如果時間狀語從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之后，則主句用過去完發(fā)生在主句之后，則主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。成時，從句用一般過去時。在我媽媽回來之前在我媽

36、媽回來之前,我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。 I had already finished my homework before my mother returned. 我到運(yùn)動場時，比賽已經(jīng)開始了。我到運(yùn)動場時，比賽已經(jīng)開始了。 The match had already begun when Igot to the playground. (4) 過去完成時還可表示從過去某一時間過去完成時還可表示從過去某一時間開始，持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀開始，持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)態(tài),往往和由往往和由for, since引導(dǎo)的，表示一段引導(dǎo)的，表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。時間的短語或從

37、句連用。 在我爸爸搬到這里之前，他已在學(xué)校工在我爸爸搬到這里之前，他已在學(xué)校工作五年了。作五年了。 My father had worked in the school forfive years before he moved here. 昨天我看到了王楠。自離開學(xué)校以來，昨天我看到了王楠。自離開學(xué)校以來，我們都沒有見過面。我們都沒有見過面。I saw Wang Nan yesterday.We had not seen each other since we left school. 四四. 表示意向的動詞表示意向的動詞，如如hope, wish, expect, think, inten

38、d, mean, suppose等，等，用過去完成時表示用過去完成時表示“原本原本，未，未能能”我們本希望你能來的，但是你沒有。我們本希望你能來的，但是你沒有。We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.Read these extracts and answer the questions. 1. After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States.2. Before they visited India, they h

39、ad recorded seven albums.A.Which came first-becoming stars in their own country, or touring the United states? Becoming stars in their own country.B. Which came first-visiting India or recording seven albums? Recording seven albums.C. What tense do we use to show that a past event happened before an

40、other one? The past perfect tense.1 (a) By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely. (b) In the late 1960s, their music changed completely.2 (a) By the time they stopped working together, they had sold more albums than any other band in history. (b) When they stopped working together, they

41、 sold more albums than any other band in history. A.Whats the difference in maening Between the (a) and (b) sentences? 1. (a) means that their music had already changed by then. (b) means that it changed then. 2. (a) means that they had already sold more albums by then; (b)means that they sold more

42、albums then. B. Is the sequence of events different? Yes. In (a), the event happened before that time; in (b), the event happened at that time. 1. Before Ringo _ (join) the Beatles, he _ (play) drums in another band.2. Before they _ (tour) America, the Beatles _ (become) stars in their own country.C

43、omplete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.joinedhad playedtouredhad become3. Before they _ (record) Let It Be, the Beatles _ (record) eleven other albums.4. After they _ (record) Let It Be, the band _ (split up).5. After the group _ (split up), all the Beatles _ (perform) as solo artists.re

44、cordedhad recordedhad recordedsplit uphad split upperformed1. Unfortunately, he _ at the show after I _. (arrive) (leave) 2. By the time we _ (arrive) at the stadium, the band _ (begin) playing. Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.had leftarrivedarrivedhad begun3. Fortunately, the po

45、wer cut _ (happen) after the fans _ (leave) the stadium.4. Before he _ (make) his latest album, he _ (record) some songs with Paul McCartney. happenedhad leftmadehad recorded1. 他說他以前見過你。他說他以前見過你。He said that he _ (see) you before.2. 到六點(diǎn)鐘為止他們已經(jīng)工作八到六點(diǎn)鐘為止他們已經(jīng)工作八小時了。小時了。By six oclock they _ (work) for eight hours.had seenhad worked練習(xí)題：練習(xí)題：3. 我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間了。了。When I came to Guangzhou, he _ (be) there for a long time.4. 到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年到上個月中旬我們在北京