題型及應(yīng)對策略一主旨題

1、課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)英文行文方式：倒金字塔形，即最重要的內(nèi)容一般放在最前面加以介紹，英文行文方式：倒金字塔形，即最重要的內(nèi)容一般放在最前面加以介紹，越往后重要性越低。越往后重要性越低。 閱讀步驟：閱讀步驟： 1）skim2）read the questions (without the choices 3）scan and locate4）review。 1）瀏覽全文。拿到一篇文章我們先花）瀏覽全文。拿到一篇文章我們先花2分鐘左右的時間讀第一段的分鐘左右的時間讀第一段的 頭三句話和后面每一段的第一句話，目的是掌握全文主題和每段大意。頭三句話和后面每一段的第一句話，目的是掌握全文主題和每段大意。 因

2、為絕大部分英語文章的行文方式呈倒金字塔形因?yàn)榻^大部分英語文章的行文方式呈倒金字塔形,通常最重要的內(nèi)容通常最重要的內(nèi)容 放在前面。放在前面。 2）讀題干，但不要讀選項(xiàng)，花）讀題干，但不要讀選項(xiàng)，花1.5分鐘左右。讀時應(yīng)把題干的關(guān)鍵詞分鐘左右。讀時應(yīng)把題干的關(guān)鍵詞 注上下劃線，這樣帶著問題讀文章，定位就精確多了。注上下劃線，這樣帶著問題讀文章，定位就精確多了。 3）為查讀和定位?；ǎ椴樽x和定位?；?7分鐘找到題目所在的地方，并且做題。分鐘找到題目所在的地方，并且做題。 4）為檢查。注意在檢查時如果沒有確鑿把握，不要隨意改動自己的）為檢查。注意在檢查時如果沒有確鑿把握，不要隨意改動自己的 第一選擇

3、，因?yàn)檠芯孔C明第一選擇比第二選擇的正確可能性大。第一選擇，因?yàn)檠芯孔C明第一選擇比第二選擇的正確可能性大。課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)題型及應(yīng)對策略一（主旨題） 主旨題在每一篇文章中都會直接或間接地涉及，所以讀完一篇文章必須能夠找出它的主題句，或自己歸納出主題。 主旨題的題目形式一般為： the passage is mainly about _. which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage? what is the general topic of the passage? the author is mainly conce

4、rned with _. the main theme of the passage is _. paragraph 2 is mainly about _. which of the following best summarizes the authors opinion? what is the authors purpose in writing this passage? the best title of this passage is _. 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)主題句出現(xiàn)的位置： 1）開門見山。絕大多數(shù)的文章主題句出現(xiàn)在開頭。 2）水到渠成。小部分文章的主題句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)尾處。 3）前后

5、呼應(yīng)。即文章開頭點(diǎn)題，結(jié)尾總結(jié)，首尾結(jié)合給出主題。 4）中間也可點(diǎn)題。 5）留給讀者自己歸納。有些英語作者喜歡和讀者捉迷藏，有時出題老師也愿意找這類文章給考生設(shè)置一些障礙。 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)題型及應(yīng)對策略二（推論題） 一般題目形式為： the author seems to be in favor of/against. we can infer/assume that. it can be concluded from the passage that. the passage suggests that. the author of the passage would most likel

6、y imply. it can be learned that. 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)題型及應(yīng)對策略三（態(tài)度題） 要做這類題目，需要我們了解全文的主題，而且還要找到一些信息詞判斷作者的態(tài)度或語氣是什么。 態(tài)度題的提問方式有： what is the authors attitude in writing this passage? what is the authors tone? 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)解題技巧為： 1）掌握文章中心； 2）找到“信息詞”。 可能的選項(xiàng)如下： arbitrary武斷的 advisory建議的 complimentary贊揚(yáng)的 concerned關(guān)心的，關(guān)注的 criti

7、cal批評的 emotional情緒化的 sarcastic嘲諷的 ironical譏諷的 humorous幽默的 indifferent漠不關(guān)心的 informative提供信息的 outraged憤怒的 descriptive描述的 explanatory解釋的 sympathetic同情的 enthusiastic熱情的 cautious小心翼翼的 objective客觀的 neutral中性的，不偏不倚的 compromising妥協(xié)的 subjective主觀的 optimistic樂觀的 pessimistic悲觀的 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)題型及應(yīng)對策略四（詞義題） 有些問題是對于文章中

8、的單詞進(jìn)行提問，即詞義題。 詞義題的題目形式有： the word.in the first paragraph most probably means _. what is the meaning of .? by .the author refers to _. the expression .can be replaced by _. 詞義題有兩種情況： 1）超綱詞匯。出題老師故意給出難詞，要求同學(xué)們運(yùn)用上下文 各種信息找到意思。如“accentuate”，“cushion”等。 2）熟詞生義。有些詞同學(xué)們知道常用意思，但在文章中的意思就不一定了解。如“official”，“commun

9、ity”等。 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)解題時有六大技巧幫助我們： 1）下定義（definition）：即在一個生詞后面給出它的定義，我們從定義就可以容易地找出生詞的意思。 he takes a special interest in botanythe study of plants. 從破折號后面的注釋我們知道“botany”意思為“植物學(xué)”。 2）重述（restatement）：在生詞后面用一句話或一個短語從另外一個角度解釋一下這個詞。 he is very fastidious. it is extremely hard to please and satisfy him.（挑剔的） 3）相關(guān)信

10、息（related information）：用上下文的相關(guān)信息猜出生詞的含義。 4）舉例（exemplification）：即在生詞后面用一個例子加以解釋，我們從例子的含義可以推知生詞的意思。 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)5）比較與對比。 nowadays some young people are not thrifty, since they often waste money on useless things. 用對比法可知“thrifty”表示“節(jié)儉的”。 6）構(gòu)詞法：有時我們知道這個生詞的詞根，前綴或者后綴，就可以猜出詞的意思。 e.g the word “provincial” most

11、probably means _. a) limited in outlook b) like people from the provinces c) rigid in thinking d) interested in world financial affairs 【解析】“provincial”的詞根為“province”，表示“省”，所以“provincial”指“首都以外各地的”，推測可知意思是“目光狹隘的，無知的”。 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)十五選十 三步法則：1. 對給定的單詞按詞性進(jìn)行分類；（15選10只考察4種詞性，分別是名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞。 2. 看文章時，尤其是遇到空格時

12、，首先要去判斷空格的詞性； 3. 分析上下文邏輯關(guān)系，以近一步減小搜尋范圍；15選10的精髓就在于不斷的減小搜索的范圍，以提高正確率。 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí) looking back on years of living in a working-class home in the north of england, i should say that a good living room must 11 three principal things: homeliness, warmth and plenty of good food. the living-room is the warm h

13、eart of the family and 12 often slightly stuffy to a middle-class visitor. it is not a social centre but a family center; little entertaining goes on there or in the front room, if there 13 to be one; you do not entertain in anything approaching the middle-class 14 the wifes social life outside her

14、15 family is found over the washing-line, at the little shop on the corner, visiting relatives at a moderate 16 occasionally, and perhaps now and again a visit with her husband to his pub or club. apart from these two places, he has just his work and his football matches. they will have, each of the

15、m, friends at all these places, who may well not know what the inside of their house is like, having never stepped across the threshold, as the old 17 phrase has it. the family hearth is 18 for the family itself, and those who are something to us(another favorite formula) and who look in for a talk

16、or just to sit. much of the free time of a man and his wife will 19 be passed at that hearth. just staying in is still one of the most common leisure-time 20 . 課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí)a. happens b.professionsc. sense d.neverthelesse. fashioned f.distanceg. immediate h.usuallyi. occupations j.preservedk. imitate l.p

17、rovidem. therefore n.reserved o. contribute課文學(xué)習(xí)課文學(xué)習(xí) flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. after an hours 11 one of the scientists wrote in his book, look here for 12 metal. scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain re

18、gion, sent a 13 to other scientists on the ground, gold possible. walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, this ground should be searched for metals. from an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, uranium. none of the scientists had x-ray eyes: they ha

19、d no 14 powers for looking down below the earths surface. they were 15 putting to use one of the newest methods of 16 minerals in the groundusing trees and plants as 17 that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing. this newest method of searching for minerals is 18 on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may 19 the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface. at watson bar creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of british columb