高一下必修四Unit3LearningaboutLanguage

1、unit 3a taste of english humourlearning about language必修四必修四nounverb adjectiveadverb fortune-contentment-perform -fortunatefortunatelycontentedcontentcontentedlyperformer/performanceperformingdiscovering useful words and expressions 1 fill in the chart.nounverb adjectiveadverb humourastonish-mentbor

2、echarmentertain-menthumourhumoroushumorouslyastonishastonishingastonishinglyborebored, boringboringlycharmcharmingcharminglyentertain entertaining entertaininglyin the 1990s, mr. bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as charlie chaplin had done. his method of ac

3、ting was to appear _, look around and then do exactly the wrong thing. children particularly would burst into _ at his behavior. he always managed to _ those things that people are afraid of doing uncertainlaughterpick outanswers to exercise 2.because they do not want to appear a social _. on one oc

4、casion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare. when the uncooked meat arrived he was _ by shame because he could not eat it. he _ a piece of meat and pretended to _ a mouthful but instead put it into the plant pot beside him. he put other pieces into his pocket. failureovercomecut offchew_ the m

5、eal he seemed to show great _in his food. he was such an _ performer that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at no extra _!throughoutenjoymentoutstandingchargeoccasion n. (事情發(fā)生的事情發(fā)生的)時(shí)刻時(shí)刻; 時(shí)候時(shí)候; 場(chǎng)合場(chǎng)合 we should keep quiet on such an occasion. 在這種場(chǎng)合我們應(yīng)該保持安靜。

6、在這種場(chǎng)合我們應(yīng)該保持安靜。on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. 還有一次還有一次, 他在一個(gè)廢棄的停車場(chǎng)著陸。他在一個(gè)廢棄的停車場(chǎng)著陸。on occasion 有時(shí)有時(shí); 偶爾偶爾on this / that occasion 此時(shí)此時(shí)(那時(shí)那時(shí))on one occasion 有一次有一次; 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)on the occasion of 在在的時(shí)候的時(shí)候; 值此之際值此之際exercise 3 on page 20sample dialogue: is1: ill be better off if i can come

7、 back to my childhood because i find my littlesister has a better life than me.s2: but youll be worse off if your sister feels envy at you. iis1: i will be better off if i have a chance to study abroad because i can pick up english.s2: but you will find it is worse off when living abroad, without a

8、parent or a close friend to care for you. read the sentences from the text and pay attention to the underlined parts. you may find it astonishing that charlie was taught to sing 2. he grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became 3. the acting is so convincing that i

9、t makes you believe that it is one of the 4. - his subtle acting made everything entertaining.object complementattributepredicativesubjectthe ing form as the predictive, attributive and object complement-ing形式作主語(yǔ)形式作主語(yǔ)1. talking to him is talking to a wall. 對(duì)他說(shuō)話等于對(duì)牛彈琴。對(duì)他說(shuō)話等于對(duì)牛彈琴。2. smoking may cause

10、cancer. 吸煙會(huì)致癌。吸煙會(huì)致癌。3. walking is my sole exercise. 散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動(dòng)。散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動(dòng)。4. talking mends no holes. (諺諺)空談無(wú)濟(jì)于事?？照劅o(wú)濟(jì)于事。-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)形式作賓語(yǔ)5. i suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 我建議結(jié)束會(huì)議。我建議結(jié)束會(huì)議。6. he admitted taking the money. 他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。 7. i couldnt help laughing. 我禁不住笑了起來(lái)。我禁不住笑了起來(lái)。8. your co

11、at needs brushing. 你的大衣需要刷一下。你的大衣需要刷一下。1. 單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)位于形式作定語(yǔ)位于被修飾名詞的前面被修飾名詞的前面, 既可以表示被修飾既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能者的作用或功能, 也可以表示被修飾者也可以表示被修飾者的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：如：building materials = materials for building 建筑材料建筑材料-ing形式作定語(yǔ)形式作定語(yǔ)drinking water = water for drinking 飲用水飲用水a(chǎn) walking stick = a stick for walkin

12、g 手杖手杖a reading room = a room for reading 閱覽室閱覽室a writing desk = a desk for writing 寫字臺(tái)寫字臺(tái) tiring music = music that is tiring 煩人的音樂(lè)煩人的音樂(lè) a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一個(gè)驚人的結(jié)果一個(gè)驚人的結(jié)果2. ing 形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 放在所修飾的放在所修飾的名詞之后名詞之后, 并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句。如：如：they lived in a

13、 room facing the street. = they lived in a room that faces the street. 他們住在一間面朝街的房子。他們住在一間面朝街的房子。the man standing there is peters father. = the man who is standing there is peters father. 站在那兒的那個(gè)人是彼得的父親。站在那兒的那個(gè)人是彼得的父親。anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = anybody who is swimming in this ri

14、ver will be fined. 在這條河里游泳的任何一個(gè)人都會(huì)被罰款。在這條河里游泳的任何一個(gè)人都會(huì)被罰款。3. -ing形式短語(yǔ)也可以用作非限制定語(yǔ)形式短語(yǔ)也可以用作非限制定語(yǔ), 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 這時(shí)這時(shí), 它與句子其他部分用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。它與句子其他部分用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如：如：his brother, working as a teacher, lives in beijing. = his brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in beijing. 他那個(gè)當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。他那個(gè)當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在

15、北京。the apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = the apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵蘋果樹(shù)碩果累累那棵蘋果樹(shù)碩果累累, , 在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。1. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常放在形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常放在賓語(yǔ)后面賓語(yǔ)后面, 表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作, 強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。如如：

16、when we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí)當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在大門口。站在大門口。-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)we found the cat eating a mouse. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那只貓正在吃老鼠。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那只貓正在吃老鼠。i found a bag lying on the ground. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。the boss kept the workers working the wh

17、ole night. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。那老板讓工人整夜地工作。2. 當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 原來(lái)作原來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：如：they found the result very satisfying. = the result is found very satisfying.這個(gè)結(jié)果很令人滿意。這個(gè)結(jié)果很令人滿意。they heard him singing in the next room. = he was heard singing in the next room. 有人聽(tīng)到他

18、在隔壁房間唱歌。有人聽(tīng)到他在隔壁房間唱歌。we mustnt keep them waiting.= they mustnt be kept waiting. 千萬(wàn)不能讓他們等。千萬(wàn)不能讓他們等。3. 能用能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類動(dòng)詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類動(dòng)詞: 表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞, 常見(jiàn)的有常見(jiàn)的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。等。如：如：we saw a light burning in the window. i felt somebody pa

19、tting me on the shoulder. can you smell anything burning?as he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.listen to the birds singing. i didnt notice him waiting.2) 表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞, 常見(jiàn)的有常見(jiàn)的有 have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。等。如：如：i wont have you doing that. this set me thinking.im s

20、orry to have kept you waiting. i cant get the clock going again.you wont catch me doing that again.你看吧你看吧, 我決不會(huì)做那種事了。我決不會(huì)做那種事了。 4. see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式形式.和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： 前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 而后者表示而后者表示(或強(qiáng)調(diào)或強(qiáng)調(diào)) 動(dòng)作從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束的全過(guò)程。動(dòng)作從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束的全過(guò)程。如如:we passed by the classm

21、ates and saw the teacher making the experiment.我們走過(guò)教室我們走過(guò)教室, 看見(jiàn)老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)?？匆?jiàn)老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。(只在走過(guò)教室的剎那間只在走過(guò)教室的剎那間, 看見(jiàn)老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)看見(jiàn)老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn))we sat for an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我們坐了一個(gè)小時(shí)我們坐了一個(gè)小時(shí), 看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)。看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)。(一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)) 如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是短暫性動(dòng)詞如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是短暫性動(dòng)詞, 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)表示一次動(dòng)作短語(yǔ)表示

22、一次動(dòng)作, 而而-ing形式則表示反復(fù)動(dòng)作。形式則表示反復(fù)動(dòng)作。e.g. we heard the door slam. we heard the door slamming. (反復(fù)動(dòng)作反復(fù)動(dòng)作)(一次動(dòng)作一次動(dòng)作)-ing形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞之后形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞之后, 用來(lái)泛指用來(lái)泛指某種動(dòng)作或行為某種動(dòng)作或行為, 以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)或以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)或情況。情況。如：如：her hobby is painting. 她的業(yè)余愛(ài)好是畫畫。她的業(yè)余愛(ài)好是畫畫。my job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。我的工作就是照顧

23、這些孩子。his concern for his mother is most touching.他對(duì)母親的關(guān)愛(ài)很感人。他對(duì)母親的關(guān)愛(ài)很感人。-ing形式作表語(yǔ)形式作表語(yǔ) the _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. a. missing; playing b. missing; play c. missed; played d. missed; to play解析解析: missing是形容詞是形容詞, 作作boy的定語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ), 意思是意思是“失蹤的失蹤的”。 was last seen playing表示被看見(jiàn)時(shí)正在玩。表示被看見(jiàn)

24、時(shí)正在玩。a2. mr. smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. a. tired; boring b. tiring; bored c. tired; bored d. tiring; boring解析解析: 此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別。此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別。tired, moved, interested excited 等過(guò)去分詞等過(guò)去分詞敘述的是人的本身感受敘述的是人的本身感受; tiring, moving, interesting, exciting等現(xiàn)在分詞敘述的是某等現(xiàn)在分詞敘述的是某一物或事情給予

25、人的感受。一物或事情給予人的感受。a3. when we watched the national flag _ in the olympic games on tv, we raised a cheer. a. rise b. being risen c. raised d. being raised解析解析: 本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ), rise是不及物動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞, 先排除先排除a、b兩項(xiàng)兩項(xiàng), 國(guó)旗是被人們升起的國(guó)旗是被人們升起的, 應(yīng)該用分詞的被動(dòng)形式應(yīng)該用分詞的被動(dòng)形式, 句意為句意為: 當(dāng)看到電視中當(dāng)看到電視中奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上國(guó)旗正在被升起時(shí)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上國(guó)旗正

26、在被升起時(shí), 我們我們歡呼起來(lái)。歡呼起來(lái)。d4. we sat there, _with what we listened to. a. satisfying b. to satisfy c. contented d. content解析解析: 本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。satisfied表示表示“感到滿意的感到滿意的”, 把把a(bǔ)、b兩項(xiàng)排除兩項(xiàng)排除; content 既是形容詞既是形容詞, 又是動(dòng)詞又是動(dòng)詞, be contented with “對(duì)對(duì)滿足滿足”。d5. he was in hospital for six months. he felt as if he was

27、_ from the outside world. a. cut out b. cut off c. cut up d. cut through 解析：解析：b。cut out的意思是的意思是“切下；刪切下；刪除除”，cut off意思是意思是“切斷；使切斷；使(人、人、城鎮(zhèn)城鎮(zhèn))孤立孤立”，cut up的意思是的意思是“切切碎碎”，cut through的意思是的意思是“穿越穿越”。6. why did you go back to the shop? i left my son _ there. a. wait b. to wait c. waiting d. waits解析：解析：c。本

28、題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，。本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，leave 在這意思是在這意思是“讓讓處于處于狀狀態(tài)態(tài)”。 she was offered the _(lead) role in the new film. 2. seeing the sun _(rise) above the surface of the sea, all of us began to take photos. 3. as the stone was too heavy to move, i left it _ (lie) on the ground. 4. havent you seen the sign, _ (read) “n

29、o photos”? im really sorry i didnt.5. the comments which he made _(concern) marketing bothered his boss greatly.fill in the blanks with the correct form of each given word.leading rising lying reading concerning 1. i cant imagine billy _ a motorbike.2. did you hear the someone downstairs _ at the do

30、or?3. frank is very good at telling funny jokes. he can be very _. 4. you cant stop me _ what i want. complete the sentences with a word from the box.astonish, depress, play, do, ride, amuse, knockridingknockingamusingdoing5. you may find it _ that he made progress in such a short time.6. most peopl

31、e consider it _ that it keeps raining for a whole week.7. when i came out of the theatre, i noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.astonishingdepressingplaying a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smoked2. t

32、he manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry outb c 單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇3. i can hardly imagine peter _ across the atlantic ocean in five days. a. sail b. to sail c. sailing d. to have sailed4. when we got back from the cinema

33、, we found the lamp_ but the door _. a. being on; shutb. burning; shutting c. burning; shut d. on; shuttingc c 5. there was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. a. followed b. following c. to be followed d. being followed6. tell mary that theres someone _ for her at the door. a. waiting b. waited c. waits d. to wait7. the _ waiter came up to us and said, “you are welcome.”a. smiling b. smiled c. smile d. to smileb a a 8. the result of the test was rather _. a. disappointed b. disappointing c. b