高一英語(yǔ)必修4 Unit 2 Grammar The usage of ing

1、the usage of ing form表示主動(dòng)的或正在進(jìn)行表示主動(dòng)的或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)attribute(定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ))object complement(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))subject (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) predicative(表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ))object(賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))adverbial(狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ))1.walking is good for everyone. 2. our job is playing all kinds of music. 3. we shall appreciate hearing from you again.4. do you know the boy l

2、ying under the tree? 5. people come to theme parks, looking for excitement. 6. on the hill, he saw smoke rising from the chimneys.(主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)）（表語(yǔ)）（表語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）（狀語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ))（賓補(bǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）a. 作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) （單個(gè)（單個(gè)-ing 形式一般放在被修飾的名詞之前形式一般放在被修飾的名詞之前 而而 -ing短語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之后短語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之后)1.this amusing story made us laugh .2.

3、the girl coming to dinner tonight is a famous film star.1.坐在我旁邊的女孩默默地看著我坐在我旁邊的女孩默默地看著我.the girl _looked at me in silence.2.there was a car came in the other direction.3.we cant attend the meeting held now as were very busy.sitting beside mecoming當(dāng)表示正在被完成的動(dòng)作時(shí)可用當(dāng)表示正在被完成的動(dòng)作時(shí)可用being done，修飾名詞時(shí)往往后置，修飾名詞時(shí)

4、往往后置the building being built now is our gymnasium(體育館）體育館）.being當(dāng)表示已經(jīng)被完成和將要被完成的動(dòng)作時(shí)可用當(dāng)表示已經(jīng)被完成和將要被完成的動(dòng)作時(shí)可用done和和to be donethis is the building built last year.theyve designed the building to be built next year.b. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞 see /look at / notice/ watch /observe/ catch /feel/ find /smell/ h

5、ear/ listen to +o.+doing2.haveget+o.+doing3.keepleave+o.+doing4.with+o.+doing+dodone+do(get+o.+to do)done+done/adj./adv./prep.phrase+doneto doadj.adv.prep.phrase被動(dòng)：被動(dòng)：be seen to dodoingdone1.i heard_(他在唱歌他在唱歌)when i passed his house.2.turn off the lights!dont leave them _(亮亮著著)all night long.3. a co

6、ok will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smokedhim singing(b)burningonc. 作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)1.區(qū)別區(qū)別doing 和和to do 作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)的不同作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)的不同2.doing和和to do 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)3.固定句型：固定句型：it is no usegood doing4.注意注意-ed式形容詞和式形容詞和-ing式形容詞作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別式形容詞作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)時(shí)

7、的區(qū)別1.in some countries, _ (nod) ones head _ (mean) “no” .noddingmeans2._ (teach) is quite interesting.3._ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.teachingto teachshockexciteinviteencouragedisappoint1.it is _ to watch the worlds top soccer players play in c

8、hina.2. i was _when i heard about your accident.3.the father must have said something _ because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.4.he said in a _ voice that he would leave at once. 5.the food didnt look very _. it was not worth the money.shockedexcitinginvitingencouragingdisappointed4.w

9、e were _in the _ story.(有趣的）有趣的）interestedinterestingd. 作作 賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)（-ing形式及其形式及其復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以放在可以放在動(dòng)詞、介詞、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞、短語(yǔ)之后）之后） 1.固定的動(dòng)詞之后（固定的動(dòng)詞之后（avoidappreciatefinishmind)2.固定短語(yǔ)之后（固定短語(yǔ)之后（give up/ keep on/ be worth/feel like )3. remember/ forget/ regret /mean /try /like/ dislike/ love/ stop / go on /cant help 之

10、后之后加加doing 和和to do 區(qū)別區(qū)別1.you can show your welcome to someone by _ (shake) hands with him or her.2.i feel like _ (休息）休息）.would you mind _ (我坐這兒）？我坐這兒）？3.i remember _ (把書(shū)還給你了）把書(shū)還給你了）.4. she strongly disliked spoken to like that.shakingtaking a restmyme sitting here returning the book to youbeinge. 作狀

11、語(yǔ)的用法（在句子中表示作狀語(yǔ)的用法（在句子中表示時(shí)間、條件、伴隨、結(jié)時(shí)間、條件、伴隨、結(jié) 果、原因等）果、原因等）1.當(dāng)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和當(dāng)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和-ing短語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，短語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用用-ing 形式形式, 否定式為否定式為not doing2. -ing 短語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的短語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，動(dòng)作之前， 用用having done 形式（被動(dòng)用形式（被動(dòng)用having been done)， 否定式為否定式為 not having (been) done3.-ing 形

12、式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常為主句的主語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常為主句的主語(yǔ)4.從屬連詞從屬連詞+動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式形式動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(whenwhileoncealthoughunless, since, whenever, until, as if)arriving home, she found the door locked.having failed the exam, he no longer played computer games.not knowing what to do, your advice is important to me.while

13、reading the letter, she cried.1.he stood at the school gate and greeted the new students.2. after she was told that her daughter got sick，she went to the school to take her home.3.looking on the top of the hill,_.a.there were lot of tall buildings b. lots of tall buildings were seen c.i saw a lot of

14、 tall buildings d. our city looked very beautiful.4.當(dāng)在看這部感人的電影時(shí)當(dāng)在看這部感人的電影時(shí)/當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么偷竊時(shí)，她忍不住哭了。當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么偷竊時(shí)，她忍不住哭了。he stood at the school gate, greeting the new students.having been told that her daughter got sick, she went to the school to take her home.when_, she _. when seeing the moving film, /asked

15、 why she stole, she couldnt help crying(c) v-ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是在該形式前加上動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，多為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所以格，這一復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，在句首需用名詞所有格形式，如果不出現(xiàn)在句首可用代詞的賓格或名詞的普通格代替。1.victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. a.his being not ale b. him not to be ablec.his not being able d.him to be not able2._ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.