外研版Book3Module6LanguagepointsPPT

1、1. civil adj. 公民的公民的; 平民的平民的; 民用的民用的; 國內(nèi)國內(nèi) 的的; 文明的文明的 civil law 民法民法 civil life 平民生活平民生活 civil rights 公民權(quán)公民權(quán) civil war 內(nèi)戰(zhàn)內(nèi)戰(zhàn) civilian n. 平民平民, 百姓百姓 civilization n. 文明文明, 文化文化 2. date from 可以追溯到可以追溯到, 從某時(shí)就存在從某時(shí)就存在 = date back togo back to the castle dates from/dates back to/goes back to the 14th centu

2、ry. the history of their family goes back /dates back to 300 years. out of date 過時(shí)的過時(shí)的; 廢棄的廢棄的3. engineering n. u工程工程; 工程學(xué)工程學(xué); 設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì) e.g. he is studying engineering at college. the engineering of new railway 新鐵路的設(shè)計(jì)新鐵路的設(shè)計(jì) gene engineering 基因工程基因工程engineer n. 工程師工程師, 技師技師, 機(jī)械師機(jī)械師e.g. tim is an engineer

3、. 蒂姆是位工程師。蒂姆是位工程師。4. accommodate vt. 容納容納, 給人提供住宿或給人提供住宿或房間房間; 使適應(yīng)使適應(yīng), 遷就遷就, 迎合迎合 accommodation n. (pl.)住宿住宿; 適應(yīng)適應(yīng), 調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)節(jié) e.g. this room can accommodate 300 people. he bought a huge house to accommodate his library. i will accommodate my plans to yours. can we find accommodations at a hotel tonight?

4、5. construction n. u建造建造, 建筑建筑; 建筑術(shù)建筑術(shù) e.g. (be) under construction 在建設(shè)中在建設(shè)中 construction industry 建筑業(yè)建筑業(yè) the new airport is still under construction. 新機(jī)場仍在修建中。新機(jī)場仍在修建中。6. generate vt. 發(fā)電發(fā)電; 生成生成; 引起引起, 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致e.g.the flowing water is used to generate electricity.uncleanness often generates disease.a g

5、enerating station 發(fā)電廠發(fā)電廠, 發(fā)電站發(fā)電站7. harness n. 馬具馬具(包括皮帶馬鞍及金屬包括皮帶馬鞍及金屬 器具器具) v. 控制及利用自然界的力量控制及利用自然界的力量 e.g. harness a river/the suns rays as a source of energy8. narrow adj. 窄的窄的, 狹窄的狹窄的; 心胸小的心胸小的e.g. he has a narrow mind. a narrow escape 九死一生九死一生 in a narrow sense 在狹義上在狹義上9. poem n. c 詩詩poet 詩人詩人poe

6、try 詩歌詩歌, 詩集詩集poem (一首一首)詩詩 10. submerge vt. 浸沒浸沒, 淹沒淹沒 vi. 潛入水中潛入水中 e.g. he submerged his hands in warm water.11. hold back 1) the police tried to hold the crowd back. 警察試圖警察試圖擋住擋住人群。人群。 2) he could no longer hold back his tears. 他再也他再也抑制抑制不住自己的眼淚。不住自己的眼淚。 3) do you think that mixed ability classes

7、 hold back the better students? 你認(rèn)為把不同能力的學(xué)生混合在一起的你認(rèn)為把不同能力的學(xué)生混合在一起的 班級會班級會妨礙妨礙較高水平學(xué)生的進(jìn)步嗎較高水平學(xué)生的進(jìn)步嗎?4) she wanted to tell him the truth, but pride held her back. 她打算告訴他真相她打算告訴他真相, 但自尊又使她但自尊又使她猶猶 豫不決豫不決。5) tell me the truth dont hold anything back. 告訴我實(shí)情吧。不要告訴我實(shí)情吧。不要隱瞞隱瞞任何事情。任何事情。hold back常用于以下幾個(gè)意思：常用于

8、以下幾個(gè)意思： 阻攔阻攔, 阻擋阻擋 抑制抑制, 控制控制 (情感等情感等) 妨礙進(jìn)展妨礙進(jìn)展 躊躇躊躇, (使使) 猶豫猶豫 隱瞞隱瞞, 不公布不公布【拓展【拓展】hold off 延遲延遲, 推遲推遲hold on 別掛斷別掛斷; 等著等著; 堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持, 挺住挺住hold on to 抓住抓住; 不賣掉不賣掉hold out 伸出伸出; 維持維持; 抵抗抵抗hold up 舉起舉起; 耽誤耽誤 用以上所學(xué)用以上所學(xué)hold短語的適當(dāng)形式完成下短語的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。列句子。1) 水壩不太堅(jiān)固水壩不太堅(jiān)固, 擋不住洪水。擋不住洪水。 the dam was not strong enou

9、gh to _ the floods.2) 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保留這座房子我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保留這座房子, 等房價(jià)上漲的等房價(jià)上漲的時(shí)候再把它賣掉。時(shí)候再把它賣掉。 we should _ the house and sell it later when prices are higher.hold backhold on to3) 我們的供應(yīng)品能維持多久我們的供應(yīng)品能維持多久, 我們就能我們就能 在這兒呆多久。在這兒呆多久。 we can stay here for as long as our supplies _.4) 我們的航班因有霧而停航。我們的航班因有霧而停航。 our flight was _ by

10、 fog.5) 堅(jiān)持一會堅(jiān)持一會, 我會去救你的。我會去救你的。 _ a moment and ill go to your rescue.hold outhold uphold on 12. come true (希望希望, 夢想夢想) 實(shí)現(xiàn)、達(dá)到實(shí)現(xiàn)、達(dá)到 come true相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于realize, 但前者不用于但前者不用于被動(dòng)被動(dòng), come為連系動(dòng)詞為連系動(dòng)詞, 主語常是主語常是“希希望、理想、夢想望、理想、夢想, 而而realize主語一般是主語一般是人人, 可用作被動(dòng)?？捎米鞅粍?dòng)。 e.g. well realize our hopes. our hopes will be r

11、ealized/come true.14. provide (1) vt. 提供提供, 供應(yīng)供應(yīng)常用搭配常用搭配: provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth.e.g. the school will provide tents, but we must bring our own food. you must provide food and clothes for your family. soldiers were provided with blankets against the cold.(2) vi. 預(yù)防預(yù)防(災(zāi)害災(zāi)害)常與常與again

12、st連用連用e.g. youd better provide against an earthquake. the government has to provide against a possible oil shortage in the coming months.比較比較provide/supply/offer 1) provide, supply兩個(gè)詞都不能跟雙賓語兩個(gè)詞都不能跟雙賓語, 但二者所跟介詞有所不同但二者所跟介詞有所不同, 具體如下具體如下:provide/supply sb. with sth.supply sth. to vide sth. for sb

13、.為某人為某人提供某提供某物物e.g. the power station supplies /provides us with electric power.= the power station supplies electric power to us.= the power station provides electric power for us.2) offer指行為者主動(dòng)地指行為者主動(dòng)地“提出給予提出給予”, “提出幫助、服務(wù)提出幫助、服務(wù)”。表示友善行為。表示友善行為, 可加雙賓語?？杉与p賓語。 e.g. he offered me a glass of wine. i di

14、d what i could to offer comfort to the family.15. 表示物體的表示物體的“長、寬、高長、寬、高” (1) 物體物體 + be + 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 + 量詞量詞 + long/wide/high e.g. the river is 63,00 kilometers long. (2) 物體物體 + be + 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 + 量詞量詞 + in length/ width/ height e.g. the wall is 100 meters in width.(3) the length/width/height of + 物體物體 + be + 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞

15、 + 量詞量詞 e.g. the height of the tower is 88 meters.(4) 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 + 量詞量詞 + long/wide/high e.g. the bridge is 200 meters long. 16. historical 1) the book is based on historical events. 這本書是根據(jù)歷史事件寫成的。這本書是根據(jù)歷史事件寫成的。 2) the building is of historical importance. 這個(gè)建筑物有重要的歷史研究價(jià)值。這個(gè)建筑物有重要的歷史研究價(jià)值。 3) this revoluti

16、onary historical novel centers in the autumn harvest uprising. 這部革命歷史小說以秋收起義為中心內(nèi)這部革命歷史小說以秋收起義為中心內(nèi) 容。容?！究偨Y(jié)歸納【總結(jié)歸納】historical adj. (有關(guān)有關(guān)) 歷史的歷史的, 歷史上的歷史上的, 實(shí)際發(fā)生的實(shí)際發(fā)生的, 真實(shí)的真實(shí)的 有關(guān)歷史研究的有關(guān)歷史研究的 (書籍、電影等書籍、電影等) 歷史題材的歷史題材的【鏈接【鏈接】history n. 歷史歷史historian n. 歷史學(xué)家歷史學(xué)家historic adj. 歷史上著名的或者重要的歷史上著名的或者重要的historic

17、ally adv. 歷史上地歷史上地【辨析【辨析】historical / historichistorical指指“歷史上的歷史上的”、“與歷史有關(guān)與歷史有關(guān)的的”, 通常涉及歷史、史學(xué)、過去的事實(shí)。通常涉及歷史、史學(xué)、過去的事實(shí)。如如: a historical event是指有歷史證據(jù)來證是指有歷史證據(jù)來證明其存在時(shí)間明其存在時(shí)間“歷史事件歷史事件”, 而不管其是而不管其是否重要或著名。否重要或著名。 historic指指“歷史上著名的歷史上著名的”或或“具有重大具有重大歷史意義的歷史意義的”或或“歷史悠久的歷史悠久的”。如。如: a historic event 是指一件歷史上重要或著

18、名是指一件歷史上重要或著名的事件。的事件。請用請用history的適當(dāng)形式填空。的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. i studied modern european _ at college.2. a _ is a person who studies or writes about history.3. there is a good _ film at the cinema about madam curie.4. may 12, 2008 is a _ day, when an earthquake occurred in wenchuan.5. _, there have always been

19、close links between france and scotland. historyhistorianhistoricalhistorichistorically 17. remove 1) reference books may not be removed from the library. 參考書不可以帶出圖書館。參考書不可以帶出圖書館。 2) it was impossible to remove the stain from the tablecloth. 桌布上的污漬去不掉。桌布上的污漬去不掉。3) she has been removed from her post

20、as managing director. 她已被免除總經(jīng)理的職務(wù)了。她已被免除總經(jīng)理的職務(wù)了。4) he removed his hat and gloves. 他脫掉了他的帽子和手套。他脫掉了他的帽子和手套。5) the managers office has removed to another building. 經(jīng)理的辦公室已經(jīng)搬到另外一棟大樓經(jīng)理的辦公室已經(jīng)搬到另外一棟大樓 里了。里了。remove vt. 拿開拿開, 移動(dòng)移動(dòng) 去掉去掉, 消除消除 撤職撤職, 辭退辭退 脫掉脫掉vi. 搬家搬家, 遷移遷移漢譯英。漢譯英。1. 她把這幅畫移到另一面墻上。她把這幅畫移到另一面墻上。

21、2. 他被撤去了主席職務(wù)。他被撤去了主席職務(wù)。3. 我們的辦公室已從北京遷到上海。我們的辦公室已從北京遷到上海。she removed the painting to another wall.he was removed from his position as chairman.our office has removed from beijing to shanghai.4. 把你鞋上的泥去掉再進(jìn)來。把你鞋上的泥去掉再進(jìn)來。5. 房間里這么熱房間里這么熱, 為什么你不脫掉外套為什么你不脫掉外套 呢呢?remove mud from your shoes before entering.i

22、t is so hot in the room; why dont you remove your coat? 1. the three gorges dam, which is the biggest construction project in china since the building of the great wall and the grand canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of china.句意句意: 三峽大壩

23、是自長城和大運(yùn)河以來三峽大壩是自長城和大運(yùn)河以來中國最大的建筑工程中國最大的建筑工程, 它的修建是它的修建是為了控制洪水泛濫以及為中國中為了控制洪水泛濫以及為中國中部地區(qū)提供水利發(fā)電。部地區(qū)提供水利發(fā)電。 = china has built the three gorges dam to control flooding and supply the central region of china with hydro electric power. the three gorges dam is the biggest construction project in china since

24、the great wall and the grand canal were built.本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句, which . the grand canal為非限制性定語從句修飾說明主句為非限制性定語從句修飾說明主句的主語的主語the three gorges dam, 定語從句定語從句中中since介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語; 主句中的第主句中的第一個(gè)不定式短語一個(gè)不定式短語to control flooding和第二和第二個(gè)不定式短語個(gè)不定式短語provide . of china都用作都用作目的狀語。按照通常的習(xí)慣目的狀語。按照通常的習(xí)慣, 僅僅在第一僅僅在第

25、一個(gè)不定式之前加不定式符號個(gè)不定式之前加不定式符號to, 而在其余而在其余的不定式之前省略的不定式之前省略to。2. it is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history. 本句中的本句中的“. more than any other construction project”屬于屬于“形容詞形容詞 / 副副詞比較級詞比較級 + than + any other .”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), 用用來

26、表示最高級的意義。來表示最高級的意義。如：如：time is more precious than any other thing in the world. 在世界上沒有什么東西比時(shí)間更在世界上沒有什么東西比時(shí)間更寶貴了。寶貴了。3. now theyre living a happy new life in different areas. 本句中含有本句中含有l(wèi)ive a(n) . life結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), 表示表示“過過著著的生活的生活”, live通常為不及物動(dòng)詞通常為不及物動(dòng)詞, 但此處作及物動(dòng)詞但此處作及物動(dòng)詞, 其后的其后的a happy new life充當(dāng)它的同源賓語充當(dāng)它的同源

27、賓語, 這種賓語往往有這種賓語往往有定語修飾。如定語修飾。如: live a happy / hard / miserable / quiet life等。常見的此類動(dòng)等。常見的此類動(dòng)詞還有詞還有die, dream, breathe, smile, fight, bow等。等。如：如：they fought a hard fight.他們進(jìn)行了一場苦斗。他們進(jìn)行了一場苦斗。he smiled a little smile and bowed a little bow.他笑了笑并微微點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭。他笑了笑并微微點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭。根據(jù)以上句型仿寫下列句子。根據(jù)以上句型仿寫下列句子。那個(gè)男孩深深地吸了一口氣那

28、個(gè)男孩深深地吸了一口氣, 跳入河中。跳入河中。the boy breathed a deep breath and jumped into the river.4. the three gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of china and the project has flooded some of chinas most famous historical sites, including the qu yuan temple, the han watchtower and the moya cliff carvings.

29、句意句意: 三峽地區(qū)是中國最美麗的地區(qū)之一三峽地區(qū)是中國最美麗的地區(qū)之一, 這項(xiàng)工程淹沒了一些中國最著名的歷史這項(xiàng)工程淹沒了一些中國最著名的歷史景點(diǎn)景點(diǎn), 包括屈原廟、漢瞭望臺以及摩崖石包括屈原廟、漢瞭望臺以及摩崖石雕。雕。= the three gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of china and some of chinas best-known historical sites such as the qu yuan temple, the han watchtower and the moya cliff carving

30、s have been flooded by the project. 本句是一個(gè)并列句。前一個(gè)分句本句是一個(gè)并列句。前一個(gè)分句the three gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of china是主系表結(jié)是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu); 后一個(gè)分句中的后一個(gè)分句中的including是介詞是介詞, 意為意為“包括包括”, 用來舉例。用來舉例。1. how many people can this hall _? a. be seatedb. containing c. held d. accommodate2. 1841 was a _ year

31、 for china. a. history b. historic c. historical d. historiandc3. the whole town _ by the flood after it has been raining for 3 days nonstop. a. was buriedb. had submerged c. was submergedd. flooded4. the young must be responsible for their parents and _ them. a. provideb. provide to c. provide ford. provide withcc5. i never dreamed of _ such a beautiful place in such a wild area. a. there to beb. there being c. it to bed. it being6. mother tried to express herself in