新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第38課課件

1、Everything exceptthe weather英國(guó)屬海洋性氣候，具有冬暖夏涼的特點(diǎn)英國(guó)屬海洋性氣候，具有冬暖夏涼的特點(diǎn),冬夏冬夏沒(méi)有很大差別，這主要是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)島嶼國(guó)沒(méi)有很大差別，這主要是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)島嶼國(guó)家。家。(冬天冬天,海洋比陸地溫度高，海風(fēng)將熱量帶到海洋比陸地溫度高，海風(fēng)將熱量帶到陸地，導(dǎo)致陸地溫度升高，夏天則相反）陸地，導(dǎo)致陸地溫度升高，夏天則相反）.西風(fēng)西風(fēng)常常吹過(guò)英國(guó)大陸，致使常年有雨常常吹過(guò)英國(guó)大陸，致使常年有雨. What is the weather like in England? In spring: Mild, dry and sunny. Rainy,

2、cloudy and warm. In summer: Dry, cloudy and cool. Rain and showers. In autumn: Dry, sunny. Fog early and late. In winter: Strong winds, heavy rain. Snow, cold. The best seasons are spring and summer. The nearer the summer, the warmer the sun shines. Its warmer. The nearer the winter, the colder the

3、days are. In winter they have all kinds of weather. Sometimes it rains and sometimes it snows heavily, and they also have fog and frost. The two worst months in England are January and February. They have many cold wet days one after another.As is know to all ,a typical English gentleman usually tak

4、es an umbrella with him.Similarly,when people there meet others,they usually begin with the weather . Why did Harrison sell his house so quickly?1. except prep. 除了，除了除了，除了外外Except a broken chair, the room has no furniture.除了一把破椅子，這間房子里什么也沒(méi)有。（chair與furniture性質(zhì)相同）except for 除之外Except for a broken chai

5、r, the room is empty.除了一把破椅子外，這間房子是空的。(except for 沒(méi)有“所指項(xiàng)目類別”的限制)except thatI know nothing about his career except that he is a graduate of Oxford University. except 表示“除外，(其余都)”指同一類事物的總體中除去一部分。but prep. 除之外 ( 與no, nobody, all, anywhere等連用）Nobody knew her name but me. 除了我之外，沒(méi)人知道她的名字。They were all the

6、re on time but the chairman. 除了主席外，其余人都按時(shí)到了。but 強(qiáng)調(diào)未被排除的其他事物（人）except 強(qiáng)調(diào)所排除之人（事物） 2. complain vt. 抱怨，控訴（常與抱怨，控訴（常與that從句連用從句連用）1)（常做貶義）抱怨，投訴，發(fā)牢騷complain to sb about/at sth 對(duì)某人抱怨某事抱怨這個(gè)惡劣的天氣 complain about the terrible weather你總是抱怨命運(yùn)！ You are always complaining about your fate!complain of.訴說(shuō)（病，痛等） comp

7、lain of a toothache 牙疼2)（正式地）投訴我們向警方投訴。 We complained to the police about the noise from the bar.3. continually adv. 頻繁地，屢次地，反復(fù)地頻繁地，屢次地，反復(fù)地我一再地遺遺失東西。 I am continually losing things 他一再地遲到。 He was continually late for workcontinuously 連續(xù)不斷地，不間斷地他們整整嘮叨一小時(shí)了。 They chattered continuously for an hour.cont

8、inual指“一段時(shí)間內(nèi)多次發(fā)生，時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)，中斷時(shí)間很短而又接連發(fā)生”你需要持續(xù)的鍛煉。 You need continual practicecontinuous指“中間沒(méi)有間斷，但持續(xù)某段時(shí)間后可能會(huì)停下來(lái)”這架飛機(jī)能持續(xù)飛行兩大。 The plane is capable of two day continuous night.bitterly adv. 嚴(yán)寒地，刺骨地，痛苦地嚴(yán)寒地，刺骨地，痛苦地他極度的失望。 He was bitterly disappointed刺骨的寒冷 be bitterly cold bitter adj. 1)苦味的 a bitter taste 一種苦的

9、味道2)痛苦的，令人悲傷的 a bitter experience 痛苦的經(jīng)歷3)嚴(yán)寒的 a bitter winter 寒冷的冬天bitterness n苦味，酸辛，苦難誰(shuí)和我同甘共苦呢？ Who goes through the happiness and bitterness with me?1. My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. 在14課的語(yǔ)法中，介紹了和“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”連用的一些介詞，比如：after，as soon

10、as，notuntil，而這課的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)也是“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”。在這個(gè)句子中，使用了before來(lái)和“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”連用，表達(dá)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”概念。 “he returned to England”已經(jīng)是“過(guò)去”了，那么before這個(gè)“過(guò)去”的話，就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”了。2. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.dream of 表示“夢(mèng)想、幻想、向往”。他一直夢(mèng)想著成為一名詩(shī)人。He has always dreamed of becoming a poet

11、.settle down 表示“定居”、“安頓”。 【country & countryside】 a) country用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“國(guó)家”；country用作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“城鎮(zhèn)四周的土地”，即“鄉(xiāng)間、鄉(xiāng)下”，經(jīng)常用于in the country的短語(yǔ)中： China is a large country. He had planned to settle down in the country .b) 在表示“鄉(xiāng)村，鄉(xiāng)下”的意思時(shí)，countryside與country相同，但countryside強(qiáng)調(diào)景色；另外，如果沒(méi)有明確的上下文，選用 countryside更穩(wěn)妥

12、： The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view 3. He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. no sooner.than. 一就 as soon as 一就 hardlywhen 幾乎未來(lái)得及就 主 + had no sooner done + than + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 主 + had hardly done + when + 一般

13、過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 我剛一到家就下雨了。 他一見(jiàn)到她就愛(ài)上她了。 他一到北京就病倒了。 我剛一回來(lái)他又讓我去出差。 我們剛一開(kāi)始就被告訴停下來(lái)。4. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly plain about & complain of： complain about 多用于對(duì)你不滿意的事情“抱怨” complain of 多用于“由于生病或是

14、身體某一部分不適、疼痛”的抱怨。for在這里為連詞，意思是“因?yàn)椤?。它與because不同，不能用于句首。even though引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“即使”、“雖然”。也可以寫(xiě)為“though”，不過(guò)even though語(yǔ)氣要強(qiáng)多了。continually表示“反復(fù)的”、“常常的”，中間有短暫的間歇，常用來(lái)修飾不好的或令人討厭的事情：6.He acted as if he had never lived in England before. as if “像一樣”。常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示方式的狀語(yǔ)從句。 as if也可以用as though代替，意思是一樣的。 在用法上，as if/as th

15、ough后面句子的時(shí)態(tài)有兩種，一種是陳述式。一種是虛擬式（一般是在陳述式基礎(chǔ)上將助動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式形式。） as if/as though后面的句子如果是陳述式的話，表示從某種跡象看，所表達(dá)的事情是真實(shí)的，或是可能發(fā)生的。比如： It looks as if its going to rain.看上去天好象要下雨。 as if/as though后面的句子如果是虛擬式的話，所表達(dá)的事情是不真實(shí)的或與已知事實(shí)相反的。比如： She acted as if she were mad.（她并沒(méi)有真正的瘋） 比較這么兩個(gè)句子： He walks as if he is drunk.（表示從他的走路姿勢(shì)來(lái)

16、判斷，他是醉了。） He walks as if he were drunk.（表示他根本沒(méi)有喝酒，這里只是一個(gè)假設(shè)） 所以，課文中“as if he had never lived in England before”用的就是虛擬式，所以使用了“have never lived”的過(guò)去式“had never lived”。表示Harrison其實(shí)以前是住在英國(guó)的。 它們可以引導(dǎo)倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前： Hardly had I started my supper when I heard a knock on the door. No sooner Had I started my sup

17、per than I heard a knock on the door. as soon as 可與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，而hardlywhen 與 no soonerthan則通常與過(guò)去完成連用，幾乎不與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用： As soon as he had returned, he bought a house. As soon as he returns, hell buy a house. past perfect tense過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí):表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)?；虼嬖诘臓顟B(tài)。 即：過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生到過(guò)去結(jié)束。即：過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生

18、到過(guò)去結(jié)束。構(gòu)成方式構(gòu)成方式:肯定句肯定句: had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 否定句否定句:一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句:肯定回答肯定回答: Yes, 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ had. 否定回答否定回答: No, 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ hadnt.had not+ 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞had+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用： 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 主句1）after/ as soon as+過(guò)去完成時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) After the class had begun, the little boy arrived at the classroom. 開(kāi)始上課以后，這個(gè)男孩才到教室。2) before/ unti

19、l + 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) He had called me before he came to see me. 他來(lái)看我之前給我打過(guò)電話。3) no sooner/ hardly +過(guò)去完成時(shí) than/ when +一般過(guò)去時(shí) I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain. 我剛走到外面就開(kāi)始下雨了。 一、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。一、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。1. By yesterday evening she had finished reading the book.到昨天晚上， 她已讀完了那本書(shū)。 2.

20、By the end of last year, they had built many new houses.去年年底之前， 他們已建了很多新房子。二、表示在過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作二、表示在過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作。1. He said that he had seen you.他說(shuō)他以前見(jiàn)過(guò)你。When I came in he had finished his homework.2. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)， 他已完成了作業(yè)。 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間。They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. (說(shuō)明不到點(diǎn)就在車(chē)站了）They arrived at the s