8上冊unit3unit4比較級使用注意事項

1、 形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞grammar focus1、the flowers are very _. (beautiful)2、the girls are sitting there _ .(quiet)3、theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、we can get there _. (easy)5、the problems are _.(easy)6、theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、eating too much meat is _.(bad)8、he plays the piano _ .(bad)9、they have new

2、 _(bright) classroom.10、the sun is shining _ . (bright)形容詞，副詞的比較級和最高級。形容詞，副詞的比較級和最高級。 大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：原級、比較級、最高級。大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：原級、比較級、最高級。一、構(gòu)成一、構(gòu)成1. 1. 構(gòu)成的不規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成的不規(guī)則變化: :eg. good / well better best ill/bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / farthest further/ f

3、urthest(更進一步）更進一步） oldolder/oldest -elder/eldest (年長的年長的)2. 構(gòu)成的規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成的規(guī)則變化:1) 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞 一般在詞尾后加一般在詞尾后加-er 或或-est. 如：如：cold colder coldest nice nicer nicest clever-cleverer-cleverest2) 重讀閉音節(jié)詞末尾只有一個輔音字母重讀閉音節(jié)詞末尾只有一個輔音字母時時, 先雙寫這個輔音字母先雙寫這個輔音字母, 再加再加-er或或-est。如如: big bigger biggest thin thinn

4、er thinnest 3) 以以“輔音字母輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞， 先改先改y為為i, 再加再加-er或或-est。如：。如： easy easier easiest happy happier happiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest funny-funnier-funniest early-earlier-earliest healthy-healthier-healthiest friendly-friendlier-friendliest -more friendly-most friendly 4) 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞多音節(jié)詞和

5、部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加前加more或或most。如：。如： delicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting popular -more popular -most popular二、原級用法二、原級用法1. a+謂語謂語+as+原級原級+as+b。 (a=b) “a和和b一樣一樣” a+謂語謂語+not+ as/so+原級原級+as+b (ab)eg. i am taller than tom.my dress is more beautiful than hers.2.

6、much，far，even, still, a lot ; a bit, a little;no,any 修飾比較級修飾比較級 she is no richer than me.=she is as rich as me.3.選擇疑問句，選擇疑問句，a or b？ which do you like better, coffee or tea?4. the +比較級比較級+of the two eg. tina is the taller of the twins.5.比較級比較級 and 比較級（單音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)比較級（單音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞）詞） “越來越越來越” eg. our co

7、untry is becoming stronger and stronger. more and more +多音節(jié)詞或雙音節(jié)詞多音節(jié)詞或雙音節(jié)詞 eg. our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 6. the +比較級比較級+從句，從句，the +比較級比較級+從句從句 “越越，越，越” eg. the harder you study, the better grades you get.四、四、最高級用法（最高級用法（表示表示三者或三者以上三者或三者以上 (人或人或事物事物 ) 的比較的比較, 其中有一個在某一方面超過其他幾個其中

8、有一個在某一方面超過其他幾個時時, 用最高級）。用最高級）。1.最高級的最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞前面一般要加定冠詞 the, 2.主語主語+謂語謂語+最高級最高級+of /among +類別的詞語類別的詞語 主語主語+謂語謂語+最高級最高級+in+范圍的詞語范圍的詞語 eg. he is the tallest of the boys in our class.3. much，by far，the +序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞,修飾最高級修飾最高級 eg. huanghe is the second longest river in china.4. one of +the+最高級最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

9、 “最之一” eg. paris is one of the biggest cities in the world.5.選擇疑問句，選擇疑問句，a，b or c？一、忌不同類事物進行比較。一、忌不同類事物進行比較。 他的電腦比我的便宜。他的電腦比我的便宜。 誤：誤：his computer is cheaper than i. 正：正：his computer is cheaper than mine. 析：在比較級的句子中，相比較的雙方必析：在比較級的句子中，相比較的雙方必須是同類事物，否則會造成歧義。這里須是同類事物，否則會造成歧義。這里mine=my computer。誤：誤：the

10、population of china is larger than india.正：正： the population of china is larger than that(=the population) of india.中國的人口比印度的人口多。中國的人口比印度的人口多。誤：誤：the students of class two study harder than class one.正：正：the students of class two study harder than those of class one. 二班的學(xué)生比一班的學(xué)生讀書用功。二班的學(xué)生比一班的學(xué)生讀書用功。

11、誤：誤：in winter it is colder in beijing than shanghai. 正：正：in winter, it is colder in beijing than in shanghai. 冬天北京比上海冷。冬天北京比上海冷。 二、忌自己與自己進行比較。二、忌自己與自己進行比較。1. 比爾比他班上的其他男孩都高。比爾比他班上的其他男孩都高。 誤：誤：bill is taller than any boy in his class. 正：正：bill is taller than any other boy in his class.正：正：bill is tall

12、er than the other boys in his class. 析：在比較級的句子中，同一類人或物在同一析：在比較級的句子中，同一類人或物在同一范圍內(nèi)進行比較，要把自己排除在比較范圍之范圍內(nèi)進行比較，要把自己排除在比較范圍之外。外。 2. 瑪麗歌唱得比班里的任何一個男孩都好?，旣惛璩帽劝嗬锏娜魏我粋€男孩都好。 誤：誤：mary sings better than any other boy in her class. 正：正：mary sings better than any boy in her class. 析：在比較級的句子中，主語和范圍之外的人析：在比較級的句子中，主語和

13、范圍之外的人或事進行比較時用或事進行比較時用any + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞。又如：。又如： shanghai is larger than any city in japan.（上海比日本的任何一個城市都要大。）（上海比日本的任何一個城市都要大。）但是：但是：shanghai is larger than any other city in china.（上海比中國任何一個其他城市都大。）（上海比中國任何一個其他城市都大。）三、忌錯用修飾詞。三、忌錯用修飾詞。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。 誤：誤：jim is very older than his sister. 正：正：jim i

14、s much older than his sister. 析：比較級前面常用析：比較級前面常用much, a little, far, even（更），（更），a lot, still（更）等副詞來修飾，表（更）等副詞來修飾，表示程度，不可用示程度，不可用very, too, quite等詞來修飾。等詞來修飾。四、忌錯用表示范圍的介詞。四、忌錯用表示范圍的介詞。 李玲在我們班年齡最小。李玲在我們班年齡最小。 誤：誤：li ling is the youngest of our class. 正：正：li ling is the youngest in our class. 析：表示范圍的短語

15、有析：表示范圍的短語有1）in + ones/the + n. 在在里里2）of + the + 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 在幾個在幾個中中3）of + all + the +名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 在所有的在所有的中中如：如：tom writes best of the three boys. 在這三在這三個男孩中，湯姆寫字最好。個男孩中，湯姆寫字最好。 五、忌錯用主格賓格。五、忌錯用主格賓格。 下面兩句話中，下面兩句話中，than后面一句用后面一句用i， 一句用一句用me,兩者都可兩者都可以。以。 he is taller than i. 他比我長得高。他比我長得高。 he is tall

16、er than me. (多用于口語中多用于口語中)但是有些句子中，用主格和賓格時意義不同。例如：但是有些句子中，用主格和賓格時意義不同。例如： i like the boy better than her.我喜歡那個男孩勝于喜歡她。我喜歡那個男孩勝于喜歡她。 i like the boy better than she.我比她更喜歡那個男孩。我比她更喜歡那個男孩。 mr smith likes his friend better than his wife. 史密斯先史密斯先生比他的妻子更喜歡他的朋友。生比他的妻子更喜歡他的朋友。(也可理解為：史密斯也可理解為：史密斯先生喜歡他的朋友勝過喜歡

17、自己的妻子先生喜歡他的朋友勝過喜歡自己的妻子)如果把省略的部分寫出來，便可避免歧義：如果把省略的部分寫出來，便可避免歧義：mr smith likes his friend better than he likes his wife. 史密斯先生喜歡他的朋友勝過喜歡自己的妻子。史密斯先生喜歡他的朋友勝過喜歡自己的妻子。六、幾種句型的轉(zhuǎn)換六、幾種句型的轉(zhuǎn)換同一個意思往往可以用不同的句型來表達。例如：同一個意思往往可以用不同的句型來表達。例如：jack is taller than jill. 杰克比吉爾長得高。杰克比吉爾長得高。=jill is shorter than jack.吉爾長得比杰克

18、矮。吉爾長得比杰克矮。jill is less tall than jack.=jill is not as tall as jack. 吉爾長得不如杰克高。吉爾長得不如杰克高。 this book is less interesting than that one. =this book is not as interesting as that one. 這本書不如那本有趣。這本書不如那本有趣。 bill is the tallest boy in his class.=bill is taller than any other boy in his class.=bill is tall

19、er than the other boys in his class.=nobody is taller than bill in his class.一、詞匯一、詞匯1、the flowers are very _. (beautiful) the girl sings _ than the boy. (beautiful) 2、the girls are sitting there _ . (quiet)3、theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、we can get there _ . (easy)5、theyre getting ready for the s

20、ports meeting _ . (busy)beautifulmore beautifullyquietly loudly easily busily 6、theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、the wind is blowing_ . (strong)8、he plays the piano _ .(bad)9、jim works _ than tom. (hard) 10、the sun is shining _ . (bright)happystronglybadlyharderbrightly1.the white shirt is as _ as t

21、he yellow one. a. cheap b. cheaper c. cheapest d. the cheapest2.you know _ about it than tom does. a. even little b. even less c. more little d. more less3.this garden is _ that one. a. ten times as long as b. ten times longer as c. ten times longer as d. as long as ten times二、單項選擇二、單項選擇a b a 4.the

22、earth is getting _ . a. warm and warmer b. warmer and warm c. warmer and warmer d. warm, and warm5.which one is _ , football or basketball? a. more popular b. popular c. popularer d. much popular6. he runs _ of the four boys. a. fast b. faster c. the fastest d. fastest7.the fifth orange is _ of all

23、. give it to that small child. a. big b. bigger c. the bigger d. the biggestc add8.allan is one of _ popular teachers in the school. a. more b. the more c. most d. the most9.which city is _ , beijing, shanghai or fuzhou? a .beautiful b. more beautiful c. much more beautiful d. the most beautiful10.-

24、do they like him? -yeshe is _ a kind man a. very b. so c. much d. suchdddexercise一、詞匯一、詞匯1、the flowers are very _. (beautiful) the girl sings _ than the boy. (beautiful) 2、the girls are sitting there _ . (quiet)3、theyre talking very _ . (loud)4、we can get there _ . (easy)5、theyre getting ready for t

25、he sports meeting _ . (busy)beautifulmore beautifullyquietly loudly easily busily 6、theyre living a _ life. (happy)7、the wind is blowing_ . (strong)8、he plays the piano _ .(bad)9、jim works _ than tom. (hard) 10、the sun is shining _ . (bright)happystronglybadlyharderbrightly1.the white shirt is as _ as the yellow one. a. cheap b. cheaper c. cheapest d. the cheapest2.you know _ about it than tom does. a. even little b. even less