美國山地救援協(xié)會介紹

1、Saving lives though rescue and mountain safety education通過救援和教育挽救生命通過救援和教育挽救生命 我們是誰？The Mountain Rescue Association is a all volunteer organization that is committed to improving the quality, availability, and safety of mountain search and rescue. 山地救援協(xié)會是一個全部由志愿者構成的組織，我們致力于改善山地搜索和救援的質量，并提高其有效性和安全性。q

2、 MRA founded in 1957 by 14 local mountain rescue team at Mt.Hood ,Oregen the northwestern United States. q Formed to share mountain rescue techniques to improve on rescue safety.q MRA now has teams in 9 different regions, over 15 different states, including the US National Parks Service, and the Nat

3、ional Ski Patrol. 1957年，位于美國西北部的14支山地救援隊在俄勒岡州的胡德山發(fā)起成立了山地救援協(xié)會（MRA）成立的目的是為了分享山地救援技術以提高其救援的安全性山地救援協(xié)會的救援隊分布在美國9個地區(qū)的15個州，其中包括美國國家公園管理局和國家滑雪巡邏隊qMRA, the only national accrediting organization in North America.qMember teams trained in Rock, Search, and Snow and Ice rescue techniques.qEvery team must pass a

4、n accreditation/reaccreditation every 5 years to stay current, and remain a full member of the MRA.qThe MRA and its teams support “No Charge for Rescue”我們是如何工作的？山地救援協(xié)會是北美地區(qū)唯一的國家認可的組織。下屬的救援團隊要經(jīng)過在巖壁上、雪地上、冰面上的搜索和救援技術培訓每一只救援團隊每五年要重新考試以獲得認證山地救援協(xié)會堅持“免費救援”的原則qMRA is the national body that sets the bylaws,

5、policies and guidelines for member teams.qEach region, and each team, has its own Board of Directors.qEach member team and region also has its own bylaws and guidelines based on those set by the MRAqMember teams are required to pay dues to the MRA based on team size山地救援協(xié)會作為全國性的機構為各救援團隊制定規(guī)則、政策和指導方針。每

6、個地區(qū)、每個團隊都有自己的執(zhí)行委員會。每個地區(qū)、每個團隊在山地救援協(xié)會規(guī)則的基礎上制定自己的規(guī)則和指導方針。每個會員團隊根據(jù)自身團隊的規(guī)模向山地救援協(xié)會繳納會費qEach region sets forth its own bylaws and guidelines based on the MRA standardqThese includes how each of its teams will accredit/ reaccredit .qEach region reports to the MRA on the status of all its member each year 地區(qū)

7、層面每個地區(qū)基于山地救援協(xié)會的標準闡述自己的規(guī)則和指導方針這包括如何認證本地區(qū)的救援團隊每個地區(qū)每年向山地救援協(xié)會報告其所轄救援團隊的狀況qEach member team is ALL volunteersqVolunteers purchase their own personal equipment qTeams purchase common gearqTeams responsible for training of each membersqTeams must raise their own money. 救援團隊層面每一支會員救援隊都是由志愿者組成的志愿者自己購買個人裝備救援團

8、隊負責購置共用設備救援團隊負責培訓會員山地救援協(xié)會不向任何救援團隊提供資金救援團隊需自己籌集經(jīng)費qEach team has a different way of raising money. qMany of the teams get some funding from government, while others rely on private donations. qMost teams hold fundraiser, either through private hosting or through public eventsqSome teams charge their t

9、eam members dues每個救援團隊都有獲取經(jīng)費的方法很多救援團隊從政府獲得經(jīng)費支持，也有一些團隊依靠私人捐款大多數(shù)救援團隊通過募捐活動獲得經(jīng)費有些救援團隊則向其會員收取會費qResponsibility of each team to make sure its members are trained properly.qTeams will hold weekly, or biweekly trainings.qMost teams require a minimum amount of trainings a member has to attend to remain curr

10、ent. qUsually teammates with higher skills will run the trainings.救援團隊是如何訓練的？確保其會員得到正確的培訓是每個救援團隊的責任救援團隊每周或每月兩次進行培訓會員需保持一定的培訓以維持自己參與救援的資格。 通常情況下，水平較高的隊友組織培訓qTeam members are trained in three areas of rescue:Rock(High/low angle)SearchAvalanche/snow/ice會員的培訓主要包括以下三個方面內(nèi)容：巖壁上（高角度、低角度）救援技術搜索技術雪崩/雪地/冰面上救援技

11、術10HIGH ANGLE 高角度LOW ANGLE 低角度qMost teams carry the same basics; Rope, carabineers, ascending/ descending devices, a litter, a wheel, and medical gear.qMost teams will carry additional gear depending on their call out areas, such as snowmobiles and ATVs.救援團隊使用的設備：繩子鐵索上升/下降器擔架(帶輪子)輪椅醫(yī)療設備雪地摩托四輪摩托車個人裝備

12、：由個人負責救援團隊一般與戶外設備公司有協(xié)議，會員可優(yōu)惠購置設備一套個人救援裝備的價值在2000美元左右q Personal gear is the responsibility of each member.q Team all have “Pro Deals” with outdoor gear companies so that individuals can afford the right gear. q Most rescue packs have about $2000 worth of gear in themqMountain Rescue teams follow the Incident Command System ( ICS) for the organization of all rescuesqUsed as a universal method to organize missions large and small山地救援程序救援團隊按照標準的“事故指揮體系”來實施所有的救援活動“事故指揮體系”作為一種通用的方法適用于各類搜救任務，不管是大型的還是小型的。它確實管用！qTraining is done on a seasonal basis all