九年級英語foodforthought教案

1、Chapter6 Foodforthought詞匯與句型1. increase vt. & vi. 增加, 增大, 增多(指“形狀、大小、數(shù)量、程度等的增大”)n. 增加, 增大, 增多e.g. Her family increased.她家的人口增加了Increasein population made emigration necessary.人口的增加使向外移民成為必要。習(xí)慣用語：increasewith 隨.而增長同義詞：rise, go up反義詞：decrease （強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目的逐漸減少。）reduce 可以表示尺寸、數(shù)量、程度或強(qiáng)度的減少，詞義引伸之后，可以表示地位、處境、

2、狀況的降低。e.g. Theworkmen want to decreasethenumber of working hours and increasepay.工人要求減少工作時間而增加工資。He wont reducetherent of our house. 他不肯減少我們住房的租金。2. bit n.少量, 少許, 小片, 小塊e.g. Theres been abit of trouble at theoffice. 辦公室里出了點(diǎn)兒麻煩事。Thefloor is covered in bits of paper.板上全都是碎紙片。習(xí)慣用語：bit by bit一點(diǎn)兒一點(diǎn)兒地, 逐漸

3、地e.g.As the mist cleared, thehousecame into sight bit by bit.隨著霧散天晴, 房舍逐漸呈現(xiàn)在眼前。同義詞： little by little 逐漸地, 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地gradually 逐漸地, 逐步地step by step 一步步地, 逐步地, 逐漸地e.g. By little and little thewolf eat the sheep. 狼吃羊，一只一只進(jìn)肚腸。We gradually forced ahead. 我們逐漸向前推進(jìn)。He learnt the rules of thegame step by step. 他逐

4、步學(xué)會了游戲的規(guī)則。3. dead adj.死去的, 已故的e.g. Mary threw away thedead flowers.瑪麗把枯萎的花扔掉了。習(xí)慣用語：bedead from/of 因而死living 活(著)的（做前置定語）反義詞：alive 活著的, 在世的（做后置定語）, 存在的e.g. He is still alive. 他仍然活著。Shehas no living relatives. 她沒有活著的親人。4. influence vt.影響, 感化n.影響; 感化力e.g. Thelabour enthusiasm of theworkers strongly inf

5、luenced us.工人們的勞動熱情強(qiáng)烈地感染了我們。Her influence made me abetter person. 她對我的影響使我成為一個更好的人。同義詞：affect 影響 changetheway sb thinkse.g. Thetax increases have affected us all. 加稅已經(jīng)影響了我們所有的人。influence 所表示的影響包含著“力量”，比如“他是個有影響的人物”。有時它包含著“誘使”的意思。affect 的賓語是物時，它包含著足以引起反應(yīng)的刺激，有時包含一定的改變。e.g. Theslight change of weather

6、can affect her delicate health天氣稍有變化就會影響她那脆弱而嬌嫩的身體。當(dāng) affect 的賓語是人時，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影響，即感動e.g. He was in no way affected by their misery.他們的慘狀一點(diǎn)也沒打動他的心。influence by 受的影響influenceon對有影響e.g. He had a great influence on thosearound him. 他對周圍的人有很大的影響。5. cattle n.(總稱)牛, 牲口同義詞：cow n. 母牛 oxen n.牛,公牛(ox 的復(fù)數(shù)) bu

7、ll n.公牛, 雄獸6. delivery n. 投遞, 送交e.g. When can you take delivery of the car? 你什么時候才能收到那輛汽車？deliver vt. & vi.遞送, 交付e.g. Thetelegram was delivered early this morning.這份電報是今天清晨送到的。7. joke n.笑話, 玩笑可笑的人、事物、情形vt. & vi.開玩笑, 戲弄e.g. His colleagues regard him as a joke. 他的同事們把他當(dāng)作取笑的對象。Dont be upset; I

8、was only joking.不要生氣, 我只是開玩笑。習(xí)慣用語：haveajoke說笑話,開玩笑 play a joke講笑話, 開玩笑have a joke with sbplay ajoke on sb和某人在一起講笑話, 講笑話給某人聽對某人開玩笑 = make fun of sb. 拿某人取笑e.g. Henry played a joke on John, and next day John got back at him.亨利拿約翰開玩笑, 第二天約翰就對他進(jìn)行了報復(fù)。8. disbeliefn懷疑e.g. He listened in disbelief to this ex

9、traordinary story. 他滿腹疑惑地聽著這個離奇的故事。同義詞：unbelief n. 無信仰; 不信; (尤指)不信上帝、宗教等distrust 不信任, 懷疑e.g. He looked at thestranger with distrust.他懷疑地打量著那個陌生人。I received the news with unbelief . 我對接到的消息帶著不信任的態(tài)度。9. proposal n 建議e.g. They presented concreteproposals for improvement. 他們提出了具體的改進(jìn)建議。Pleaseconsider my p

10、roposal. 請慎重考慮我的建議。同義詞：suggestion n.建議, 意見e.g. Weare glad to agree to your suggestion. 我們很高興同意你方建議。習(xí)慣用語： at /on sb.s suggestion 根據(jù)某人的建議 make / offerasuggestion 提議, 建議on thesuggestion of 在.的建議下10. introduction介紹,引言, 導(dǎo)論e.g. Mary was shy at her introduction to the company.在向公司介紹自己時, 瑪麗感到膽怯。Theintroduct

11、ion tells you how to usethebook. 引言告訴你怎樣使用這本書。vt. 介紹, 引見e.g.Allow me to introduce myself.請允許我自我介紹一下。Production is going up becausewehaveintroduced new techniques.產(chǎn)量提高了, 因?yàn)槲覀儾捎昧诵录夹g(shù)。11. compare比（常指為了找出兩種事物或現(xiàn)象的異同點(diǎn)而進(jìn)行比較）compareonething with another 將一物與另一物比較習(xí)慣用語：compareto 比擬， 比作comparewith (可)與.相比e.g. L

12、ets compare1975 with 1979. 請大家對比一下一九七五年和一九七九年的情況。They all started to comparehim to Lei Feng. 他們都開始把他比作雷鋒。12. amount數(shù)量e.g. Large amounts of money werewasted. 浪費(fèi)了大量的錢。習(xí)慣用語：an amount of 相當(dāng)數(shù)量的; 一些a large amount of 大量同義詞：quantitye.g.A large quantity of beer was sold. 售出了大量的啤酒。13. future 將來的e.g. Her son r

13、eally has agreat future. 她的兒子確實(shí)前途無量。習(xí)慣用語：for thefuture 從今以后, 今后have agreat future 前途遠(yuǎn)大in future 今后, 往后in thefuture 將來, 未來have no future 沒有前途增加體重14. put on weight下降15. comedowne.g. Theplane camedown safely in spite of themist. 盡管有霧, 飛機(jī)還是安全著陸了。Wego up and comedown by lift.我們乘電梯上下。16. bits of（某物的）小塊, 少

14、量, 一點(diǎn)e.g. He madea model ship with bits of wood. 他用零碎木料做了一只船的模型。同義詞： small pieces of習(xí)慣用語：abit of一點(diǎn)e.g. My aunt can be a bit of a terror. 我姑姑有時候還真有點(diǎn)討人厭。17. It seems + adj / to do / that 句子似乎, 看來e.g. It seems as if therewill bean election soon似乎不久就要進(jìn)行選舉了-So it seems.-看來是這樣。It seems that he is living i

15、n the area. 他似乎現(xiàn)在住在這個區(qū)域。I seemed to hear avoice in thedistance.我好象聽到遠(yuǎn)處有說話聲。He seems (to be) quite happy. 他似乎十分快樂。18. be good to sb 對好；對很慈善, 對有益e.g.You should be good to others if you want others to be good to you.你要想別人對你好，你就要對別人好。Somehair tonic will be good to your hair. 搽一點(diǎn)護(hù)發(fā)素對您的頭發(fā)有好處。be good for s

16、b 對某人有好處e.g. Eating morevegetables is good for your body. 多吃蔬菜對你的身體有好處。19. contain vt.包含; 容納(著重“其中確實(shí)包含有”，)e.g. Whisky contains alarge percentageof alcohol.威士忌的酒精含量極高。同義詞：include vt.包括, 包含(強(qiáng)調(diào)“包括作為整體的一部分”)consist of 由組成 (強(qiáng)調(diào)一個整體有哪些部分組成)havevt. 有e.g. Their courseof study includes elementary hygiene and

17、medical theory.他們的課程包括基礎(chǔ)衛(wèi)生學(xué)和醫(yī)療知識。Thelist included his name. 這個名單上包括他的名字。Thebook consists of nineteen chapters.全書共分 19 章。20. think about 考慮; 捉摸e.g. I should like to think about your suggestion beforeI give a definite reply.我想先考慮一下你的建議, 然后給你一個明確的答think of想起, 記起; 想念, 考慮e.g. Will you think of me after I

18、veleft?我離開之后, 你還會記得我嗎?She thinks of no one but herself.她除了自己外不考慮任何人。參考詞匯：think of (about) , dream of (about)think of (about) 可以用來表示對問題的看法或考慮某件事：e.g. I think of it as impossible.我認(rèn)為這是不可能的。What do you think about it?你認(rèn)為這件事怎么樣？She threw thebottle into the sea. Shenever thought of it again.她把那只瓶扔進(jìn)海里，從未再想起它。dream of (about)的含義是“考慮那些自己認(rèn)為不會發(fā)生的事”，這時應(yīng)當(dāng)用介詞 of，在表示“夢中看到什么”時，通常用 about。e.g. I dreamed about you last night.我昨夜里夢到你了。He often dreams about home.他常常夢到家鄉(xiāng)。I never dreamed of happiness like this.我過去做夢也沒想到象這樣幸福。習(xí)慣用語：think over 仔細(xì)考慮一下(指想過了, 再想)think to oneself 心中想, 盤算, 自思自忖21. nearby adv.在附近, 在身邊adj.