2014年高考英語二輪(福建專用)專題知識與增分策略專題9特殊句式Word版

1、高三年英語科復(fù)習(xí)材料 特殊句式考點1關(guān)于祈使句的幾個問題真題解密Before you quit your job，_ how your family would feel about your decision.(2012·重慶，31)Aconsider BconsideringCto consider Dconsidered答案A解析題干中before引導(dǎo)從句，其后需有主句，而consider是及物動詞，故其后的how your family would feel about your decision只能是賓語從句。由此可知空格處只能是謂語動詞，才能與其后的賓語從句構(gòu)成祈使句，故

2、B、C、D三項均不符合。變式訓(xùn)練_at the door before you enter my room，please.(2012·北京，31)AKnock BKnockingCKnocked DTo knock答案A解析句意為：進我的房間之前請先敲門。句子缺少謂語動詞，所以空格處應(yīng)填動詞原形構(gòu)成一個祈使句，A項正確。知識生成1祈使句的否定式在動詞前加dont。祈使句帶主語時，其否定式把dont放在主語前。Dont you speak so loud.你不要那么大聲說話。2注意句型：祈使句and/or一般將來時的句子。Close the door of fear behind yo

3、u，and you will see the door of faith open before you.(2012·湖南，25)關(guān)閉你身后的恐懼之門，你就會看到信念之門在你的面前打開。3上面句型中的祈使句也可用名詞短語的形式。One more step and youll succeed.再走一步，你就會成功?？键c2倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句倒裝的兩種情形真題解密Try _ she might，Sue couldnt get the door open.(2011·新課標(biāo)全國，22)Aif BwhenCsince Das答案D解析句意為：盡管蘇嘗試想打開門，但就是打不開。as引導(dǎo)讓

4、步狀語從句時，從句要用倒裝語序，即把表語、副詞或動詞原形提前；若表語為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，名詞前不加冠詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：adj./adv./n./v.as主語句子其他部分，因此D項正確。變式訓(xùn)練_ about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.AHad I known BIf I knew CIf I should know DI had known答案A解析根據(jù)句子后半部分可知是與過去相反的虛擬語氣，前半句原形是：If I had known about this computer

5、program。當(dāng)從句中包含had時，可把if省去，把had提前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝，故選擇A項。句意為：如果我早知道這個電腦程序，就可以節(jié)省大量的時間和精力了。知識生成從句倒裝的情形主要有兩種：1as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，必須把表語、狀語或謂語動詞原形提到主語前邊，構(gòu)成前置或倒裝。2if非真實條件句中，若含有were，should或had，可把if省去，把上述三詞提前，構(gòu)成倒裝?？键c3并列句和復(fù)合句中的反意疑問句真題解密There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，_？(2012·江蘇，25)Ais there Bisnt t

6、hereCis he Disnt he答案A解析根據(jù)前面there be 句型里含有否定意義的詞little，所以反意疑問句用肯定形式，其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致，故選A項。變式訓(xùn)練I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did，_？(2011·重慶，28)Acould he Bdidnt ICdidnt you Dcould they答案B解析句意為：我告訴他們并不是每一個人都能跑得像你一樣快，不是嗎？對于含賓語從句的反意疑問句，其附加問句常與主句一致，又因主句為一般過去時的肯定形式，故附加問句用一般過去時的否定形

7、式。知識生成1若陳述部分是并列句，則疑問部分要與鄰近的分句取得一致。John isnt a diligent student，for it is the third time he has been late，isnt it？約翰不是一個勤奮的學(xué)生，因為這是他第三次遲到了，對嗎？2若陳述部分是復(fù)合句，則附加疑問部分與主句取得一致，但若主句部分是I think/believe/suppose/guess that.或Im sure that.時，往往與從句取得一致。Your suggestion is that we should hold a meeting tonight，isnt it？你

8、建議我們今天晚上開會，對嗎？I dont believe she knows it，does she?我認(rèn)為她是不知道這件事的，對嗎？3It be.that.分裂句也是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，含有這種結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合句，其附加疑問句通常對應(yīng)that從句之前強調(diào)部分的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。Its the first time that she has been to the United States，isnt it？這是她第一次去美國，對嗎？考點4與until有關(guān)的兩點注意事項真題解密Not until he went through real hardship _ the love we have for our fa

9、milies is important.(2013·福建，34)Ahad he realized Bdid he realizeChe realized Dhe had realized答案B解析句意為：直到他經(jīng)歷這些真正的困難，他才意識到我們對家人的愛的重要性。當(dāng)not until位于句首時，句子要倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Not- 3 - / 7 until從句/表時間的詞助動詞(主句)主語謂語.。變式訓(xùn)練It was not until near the end of the letter_she mentioned her own plan.(2013·天津，11)Athat

10、 Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen答案A解析考查強調(diào)句型。結(jié)構(gòu)為It is/was被強調(diào)部分that其他部分，此處是not until的強調(diào)句型。知識生成1當(dāng)把until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語放到句首時，如果主句中含有not，則要把not和until放在一起置于句首，并引起主句的倒裝。2當(dāng)用強調(diào)句型it is/was.that.強調(diào)until部分時，若主句中含有not，要把not和until放在一起進行強調(diào)?？键c5感嘆句真題解密_a strange plant！Ive never seen it before.(2011·遼寧，33)AWhich BWhatCHow DWhether答案B

11、解析句意為：多么奇怪的一種植物??！我以前從來沒見過它。這是一個感嘆句，英語感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：What(a/an)adj.n.主語謂語！Howadj./adv.主語謂語！根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)選B項。變式訓(xùn)練_ different life today is from _ it was fifty years ago!AWhat a；what BHow；whatCWhat；what DWhat a；how答案B解析第一個空格處所填詞應(yīng)該是修飾different的，故第一空應(yīng)填how。題干的陳述句語序應(yīng)是“Life today is different from _ it was fifty years

12、 ago.”由此可知，第二空應(yīng)填what，在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作表語。知識生成感嘆句常由how和what引導(dǎo)，how是副詞，它要修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，故它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：How主語動詞！How形容詞(副詞)主語動詞！How形容詞a/an可數(shù)名詞主語動詞！what是形容詞，它要修飾名詞，故主語前一定要有名詞，它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：What名詞主語動詞！Whata/an形容詞可數(shù)名詞主語動詞！What形容詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞(不可數(shù)名詞)主語動詞！考點6主謂一致的兩個特例真題解密The famous musician，as well as his students，_ to perform at the ope

13、ning ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.(2013·福建，23)Awere invited Bwas invitedChave been invited Dhas been invited答案B解析句意為：這個著名的音樂家和他的學(xué)生們都被邀請在2012年的臺北花卉博覽會開幕式上表演。句中“在2012年的臺北花卉博覽會開幕式上”是過去的動作，因the famous musician和invite是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，又因句中的as well as his students在句中只起伴隨的作用，所以用單數(shù)was。變式訓(xùn)練

14、Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress.(2010·大綱全國，9)Awear BwearsChas worn Dhave worn答案B解析句意為：Barbara很容易被辨認(rèn)出來，因為她是唯一一名穿晚禮服的婦女。題干中先行詞是the only one，故定語從句中用單數(shù)謂語動詞；再根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時知，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時。知識生成1主語后面有as well as，with，along with，together with，including，but，e

15、xcept，in addition to，rather than，like，instead of，plus，as much as，more than等連詞或介詞連接的詞語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)相一致。Generally，students inner motivation with high expectations from others is essential to their development.(2013·江蘇，21) 一般來說，別人對其期望值高的學(xué)生，他們的內(nèi)在動機對他們自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。The father，rather than the bro

16、thers，is responsible for the loss.損失的責(zé)任應(yīng)由父親而不是兄弟們來承擔(dān)。2“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，后跟定語從句，如果one前有the，the very，the only等詞限制修飾時，先行詞為one，否則，先行詞為后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who are working in China.赫賓先生是在中國工作的外國專家之一。Mr.Smith is the only one of those foreigners who is working in China.史密斯先生是這些外國人

17、之中唯一一位在中國工作的人。1“Never for a second，”the boy says，“_that my father would come to my rescue.”(2013·江蘇，27)AI doubted Bdo I doubtCI have doubted Ddid I doubt答案D解析句意為：這個男孩說：“我從不懷疑我父親會來救我?！碑?dāng)否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語置于句首時，句子常用部分倒裝。故本題要用部分倒裝。再根據(jù)would come to.可知，是在講過去發(fā)生的事，故用過去時。2It was only after he had read the p

18、apers _ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(2013·大綱全國，30)Awhen BthatCwhich Dwhat答案B解析句意為：直到他讀了文件之后，格羅斯先生才意識到他面臨的任務(wù)很難完成。本句為強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)了時間狀語only after he had read the papers。根據(jù)強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was被強調(diào)部分that剩余部分”可知選B項。3Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 per

19、cent _ properly in this hospital.(2013·大綱全國，32)Acan be the patients treatedBcan the patients be treatedCthe patients can be treatedDtreated can be the patients答案B解析本題考查部分倒裝。句意為：只有增加50%的醫(yī)生，這個醫(yī)院的病人才能得到恰當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)治?！皁nly狀語”放于句首時句子須用部分倒裝。4_small，the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.(201

20、3·天津，5)AAs BIfCAlthough DOnce答案C解析考查省略句中的連詞選擇。句意為：盡管很小，但是這個公司已經(jīng)在30多個國家有1 000名左右的客戶。as意為“因為”；if意為“如果”；although意為“盡管”；once意為“一旦”。5At no time_the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.(2013·遼寧，26)Athey actually brokeBdo they actually breakCdid they actually breakDthey had actually br

21、oken答案C解析考查倒裝句型。at no time為介詞短語，當(dāng)其位于句首時，句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝；根據(jù)第二個句子可知時態(tài)為過去時，故選C。6The university estimates that living expenses for international students_around $8,450 a year，which_a burden for some of them.(2013·湖南，33)Aare；is Bare；areCis；are Dis；is答案A解析考查主謂一致。句意為：這所大學(xué)估計，留學(xué)生的生活費用每年大約8 450美元左右，這對一些學(xué)生來說是一個

22、負(fù)擔(dān)。第一空的主語為living expenses指“生活費用”，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“which_a burden for some of them”是一個非限制性定語從句，which指代前面一句話，所以此處謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 7Not once_to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2013·湖南，35)Aoccurred it B it did occurCit occurred Ddid it occur答案D解析考查倒裝的用法。句意為：邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。否定詞not置于句首，句子要用部分倒裝。8Read this story，_you will realize that not ev