高三時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)典復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2.一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)3.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)行時(shí)7. 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)8.過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一、對一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查一、對一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查1.考查其考查其基本概念基本概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性常性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes

2、, usually 等連用。但近等連用。但近幾年，對幾年，對一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用常用過去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成過去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行對考生進(jìn)行干擾干擾。1) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm.（2005年遼寧卷）年遼寧卷） was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called2.表客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。表客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事

3、實(shí)。地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。The earth moves around the sun.他昨天說地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。他昨天說地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。He said the earth moves around the sun.此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是句是過去時(shí)過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的替代用法替代用法：在以在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，在以等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，在以if,

4、unless, once等等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和以引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和以no matter, however, even if 等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果主句主句中的動(dòng)詞用中的動(dòng)詞用一般一般將來時(shí)將來時(shí)，從句從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替代替一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)。 What will you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. （2005年全國卷）年全國卷） A. rain B. rains

5、C. will rain D. is raining1.下列動(dòng)詞：下列動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。的事情。 2.倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如：倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如：When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火車明天六點(diǎn)鐘開?；疖嚸魈炝c(diǎn)鐘開。汽車什么時(shí)候開？汽車什

6、么時(shí)候開？ 汽車十分鐘后開。汽車十分鐘后開。汽車來了。汽車來了。Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.二、對一般過去時(shí)的考查二、對一般過去時(shí)的考查一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它常與表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如它常與表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是等。但是一般過去時(shí)也經(jīng)常用一般過去時(shí)也經(jīng)常用

7、在沒有說明過去的時(shí)間狀語的句子中在沒有說明過去的時(shí)間狀語的句子中，這是高考的命題，這是高考的命題方向。方向。 I bought a new car three days ago.More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年上海卷）年上海卷）A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sentnowbought典型例題典型例題 - Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it.- It

8、s 69568442. A. didntB. couldntC. dontD. cant（本句雖沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語，但從語意上看（本句雖沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時(shí)候出，在聽的時(shí)候沒有聽懂這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，因此應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。沒有聽懂這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，因此應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。）1. I _ you not to move my dictionary -now I cannot find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked三三.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)will /shall (I, we ) dobe going to dobe t

9、o do be about to do一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來動(dòng)作一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來的動(dòng)作2. be going to +do，表示將來，表示將來。a. 主語的意圖，主語的意圖，即將做某事或打算做某事即將做某事或打算做某事。你明天準(zhǔn)備干什么？你明天準(zhǔn)備干什么？What are you going to do tomorrow?b.有跡象要發(fā)生的事有跡象要發(fā)生的事看那烏云！要下雨了?？茨菫踉?！要下雨了。Look at the clouds! Its going to rain.3. be +to do表將來，表將來，We are to discuss the re

10、port next Saturday.按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。我們下周六要討論這個(gè)計(jì)劃。我們下周六要討論這個(gè)計(jì)劃。We were about to leave when the telephone rang.We were planting trees when it began to rain . 4 be about to +do意為意為正要做正要做 、馬上要做某事馬上要做某事。= will do at once我們正要出門這時(shí)電話響了。我們正要出門這時(shí)電話響了。用于條件句時(shí)，用于條件句時(shí)，be going to表將來，表將來，will表表意愿意愿。If yo

11、u are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.如果你要旅行，你最好盡快做好準(zhǔn)備。如果你要旅行，你最好盡快做好準(zhǔn)備。Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.如果你現(xiàn)在如果你現(xiàn)在愿意愿意脫下你的衣服，我們脫下你的衣服，我們愿意愿意在鏡子前為在鏡子前為你試穿新衣服。你試穿新衣服。英語句型“祈使句+and/or+簡單句 1. Speak

12、of angels，and youll hear their wings.說到某人，某人就到。2. Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you .人必自敬，然后人敬之。3. Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves.積少可以成多；小事注意，大事自成。4. Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸進(jìn)尺。 脫下衣服脫下衣服,你會(huì)感到舒服些你會(huì)感到舒服些. Take off your clothes, an

13、d youll feel better. 2. 努力點(diǎn)工作努力點(diǎn)工作,你會(huì)成功的。你會(huì)成功的。 Work harder, and youll succeed. 3. 吃了藥吃了藥,你就會(huì)好的。你就會(huì)好的。 Take the medicine, and youll be fine. 4. 跑快點(diǎn)跑快點(diǎn),否則你要遲到了。否則你要遲到了。 Run quickly, or youll be late.你來之前打個(gè)電話，否則，我們也許會(huì)出去。你來之前打個(gè)電話，否則，我們也許會(huì)出去。Please call me up before you come, or we might be out.好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向

14、上。好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。Work hard and you will make progress every day. 四四.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/ is / are doing1. 表示現(xiàn)在表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時(shí)指說話人說話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生的事情。的事情。我們正在上英語課。我們正在上英語課。We are having / taking an English lesson.2. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示現(xiàn)階段正在從事習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示現(xiàn)階段正在從事的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作，但，但可能說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行，常與可能說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行，常與these days ,this month , this te

15、rm 等連用。等連用。Mr. Green is writing another novel.(說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)She is learning the piano under Mr. Smith.3. 與與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用等詞連用，表，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有帶有說話人的主觀色彩說話人的主觀色彩。 You are always changing your mind.你老是改變主意。你老是改變主意。他總是幫助別人。他總是幫助別人。He is

16、 always helping others.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表表將來將來意為：意為：“意圖意圖”、“打算打算”、“安排安排”、常用于人。常用、常用于人。常用詞為詞為 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。等。 Are you staying here till next week?Im leaving tomorrow. 我準(zhǔn)備明天離開。我準(zhǔn)備明天離開。你打算在這里待到下個(gè)禮拜嗎？你打算在這里待到下個(gè)禮拜嗎？對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查由由上下文語境上下文語境表示時(shí)間。表示時(shí)間。1) Whats the terrible noise？ T

17、he neighbors _ for a partyA. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare2)Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. has closed down B. closed down A.C. is closing down D. had closed down五、對過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查五、對過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查I was walking down the street when it began to rain.When it

18、 began to rainI was walkingnow1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is makingC. was making D. makes2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fellC. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同時(shí)，割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，

19、間的同時(shí)性，瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。B.句中的句中的as = when, while，意為，意為當(dāng)當(dāng)之時(shí)之時(shí)。描述一件事發(fā)生的。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為句意為 在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。句中的句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí)的過去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。 1.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when, while,

20、as 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中考查。如果主句謂語和從句謂語都發(fā)生在過去，從句中考查。如果主句謂語和從句謂語都發(fā)生在過去，動(dòng)作時(shí)間長的用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)作時(shí)間長的用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表達(dá)，表達(dá)談話背景談話背景；動(dòng)作時(shí)間動(dòng)作時(shí)間短的用一般過去時(shí)短的用一般過去時(shí)，表達(dá)，表達(dá)新的信息新的信息。You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. （2004年福建卷）年福建卷）A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D.

21、 have waited2.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語境某特定的語境中考查。中考查。Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done3.考查考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與與一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的比較。的比較。Shirley _a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.A. has written

22、 B. wrote C. had written D. was writing句型：句型：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) + when + 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) “正在干正在干（這時(shí)）突然（這時(shí)）突然” 正在做一件事的時(shí)候突然發(fā)生另一件事，使得正在做一件事的時(shí)候突然發(fā)生另一件事，使得原本正在做的動(dòng)作被中斷。原本正在做的動(dòng)作被中斷。I was doing washing when he called on me. 他正在寫信, 正在那時(shí)他哥哥闖進(jìn)他的房間。He was writing a letter when his brother broke into his room.我正在馬路走，突然后面有人喊我

23、。I was walking along the street when someone called me from behind.他們正在閱讀，突然湯姆痛苦地大叫。他們正在閱讀，突然湯姆痛苦地大叫。They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.1. He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote;

24、 will finish 2. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 1. 一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).結(jié)論結(jié)論:長動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí)長動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí),被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷,長動(dòng)長動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行體作用進(jìn)行體,短動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)短動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí).六六. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)h

25、ave / has done1. 表示表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞的時(shí)間副詞just，already, before, yet, never, ever等狀語連用等狀語連用。我以前沒聽說過那件事。我以前沒聽說過那件事。I have never heard of that before.我剛弄丟了數(shù)學(xué)書。我剛弄丟了數(shù)學(xué)書。I have just lost my maths book.2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,

26、也也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎尽？梢院捅硎緩倪^從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用時(shí)間的狀語連用。如：如：for+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間和和since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，以及，以及 so far, up till / to now, to date, in the past/ last/recent +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間, this week (month, year) ，these days等。等。這些天我沒見到他。這些天我沒見到他。I havent seen him these days.我們學(xué)英語

27、我們學(xué)英語7年多了。年多了。We have learned English for more than seven years.注意：表示注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如come, go, die, marry, buy, leave, begin等的等的完成時(shí)不能與完成時(shí)不能與for, since等表示一段時(shí)間的短語連用等表示一段時(shí)間的短語連用。 他們自從他們自從1990年就住在這。年就住在這。They have lived here since 1990.在過去的在過去的350年里美國發(fā)生了什么事？年里美國發(fā)生了什么事？What has happened to the U

28、SA in the last 350 years?他們離開這里他們離開這里2年了。年了。They have left here for 2 years.They have been away from here for 2 years.我爺爺過世我爺爺過世5年了。年了。My grandpa has died for 5 years.My grandpa has been dead for 5 years.My grandpa died 5 years ago.It is 5 years since my grandpa died.Five years has passed since my g

29、randpa died.since的四種用法的四種用法1. since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)。I have been here since 1989.我自從我自從1989年以來就在這。年以來就在這。2. since +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ ago 我自從我自從5個(gè)月前就在這。個(gè)月前就在這。I have been here since five months ago.3.since +從句從句Great changes have taken place since you left.自從你離開后

30、，這兒發(fā)生了巨大變化。自從你離開后，這兒發(fā)生了巨大變化。4.It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since從句從句It is two years since he graduated.他畢業(yè)兩年了。他畢業(yè)兩年了。 -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. wasB. have been C. came D. am coming 2.-Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come

31、B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 1.It/This is the first / second , etc, + time+ that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing.這是我第一次參觀這個(gè)城市。這是我第一次參觀這個(gè)城市。(It was the third time that the boy b

32、een late.）had2.This is the+ 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+ that+現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí). 這是我看過的最好的電影。這是我看過的最好的電影。This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我第一次聽到他唱歌。這是我第一次聽到他唱歌。It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since+ +瞬間瞬間動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式“自從自從以來以來有多長時(shí)間了有多長時(shí)間了”It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since+ +延續(xù)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式“自從自從不不以來以來有多長時(shí)間了有多長時(shí)間了”It is two years sinc

33、e he graduated.他他畢業(yè)畢業(yè)兩年了。兩年了。It is two years since he lived here.他他不在這住有不在這住有兩年了。兩年了。have / has gone (to) 表示某人表示某人“已經(jīng)去已經(jīng)去了了”某地，某地，說話時(shí)此人說話時(shí)此人還沒回來還沒回來。 have / has been (to) 表示表示“曾經(jīng)去曾經(jīng)去過過”某地，說話某地，說話時(shí)此人時(shí)此人已經(jīng)回已經(jīng)回來了。來了。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。He has been to Beijing. He has gone to Beijing. 他已經(jīng)去了北京。（人不在這兒）。他已經(jīng)去了北京。（人不

34、在這兒）。他曾去過北京。（人已回來）他曾去過北京。（人已回來）考查考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與與一般過去式一般過去式的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等，與現(xiàn)在等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，且句中一般有表示過去的，且句中一般有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語；而時(shí)間狀語；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)說明過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)說明過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響。在造成的結(jié)果或影響。 Where _the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.（98NMET） I _ it right here. But now it

35、s gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put2) Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （2005重慶）重慶） has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused （強(qiáng)調(diào)

36、看過了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)看過了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）I saw this film yesterday. I have seen this film twice . She has already returned from Paris.She returned yesterday.（她是昨天回來了。）（她是昨天回來了。）（她已從巴黎回來了。）（她已從巴黎回來了。）注意：注意：句子中如有具體的過去時(shí)間副詞（如句子中如有具體的過去時(shí)間副詞（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）時(shí)，）時(shí)，不不能使用能使用現(xiàn)在完

37、成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。（錯(cuò)錯(cuò)）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.1. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet首先本題后句強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。首先本題后句強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，再次，several times告知為反

38、復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。告知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2. - Im sorry to keep you waiting.- Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 The CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.1977now七、對現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查七、對現(xiàn)在完

39、成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查構(gòu)成構(gòu)成: have / has been+ doing概念概念: 表示從過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一直延續(xù)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還可能繼續(xù)下去。到現(xiàn)在，并且還可能繼續(xù)下去?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別如下：的區(qū)別如下：1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) I have written an article. I have been writing an article. 2.有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等因現(xiàn)等因現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

40、與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)差別不大。在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)差別不大。I have lived here for ten years. = I have been living here for ten years.Notes：表表短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（finish, marry, get up, come, go等）等）一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)：已完成性強(qiáng)調(diào)：已完成性強(qiáng)調(diào)：持續(xù)性，未完成性強(qiáng)調(diào)：持續(xù)性，未完成性1)Now that she is out of a job, Lucy_going back to school, but she hasnt decid

41、ed yet.（2004年北京卷）年北京卷） had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider2) - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 1、概念：表示、概念：表示過去的過去過去的過去。 -|-|-|- 過去的過去過去的過去 過去過去 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 2、過去完成時(shí)

42、的用法：、過去完成時(shí)的用法：(1)過去完成時(shí)表示過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻過去某一時(shí)刻或者或者某一動(dòng)作某一動(dòng)作之前之前完成的動(dòng)作或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；句中常用狀態(tài)；句中常用by, before, until, when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。到去年底為止，我們建了到去年底為止，我們建了5棟新房子。棟新房子。By the end of last year we had built five new houses.在他上大學(xué)前，他就學(xué)了在他上大學(xué)前，他就學(xué)了5000個(gè)單詞。個(gè)單詞。He had learnt 5000 words before he entered the univer

43、sity.Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.在他睡覺前，他工作了在他睡覺前，他工作了12小時(shí)。小時(shí)。He said (that) he had never been to Paris.他說他從沒去過巴黎。他說他從沒去過巴黎。 在在過去過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先先，用用過去完成過去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在時(shí)；發(fā)生在后后，用，用一般過去一般過去時(shí)。時(shí)。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.當(dāng)警察到達(dá)的時(shí)候賊已經(jīng)逃跑了。當(dāng)警察到達(dá)的時(shí)候賊已經(jīng)逃跑了。

44、表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示等，用過去完成時(shí)表示“原本打算做原本打算做，We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 1) When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）年湖北卷）A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had a

45、lready hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid常見考點(diǎn)有：常見考點(diǎn)有：把過去完成時(shí)放在含有把過去完成時(shí)放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中考查。合句中考查。把過去完成時(shí)放在把過去完成時(shí)放在by + 過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或或by the time + 從句（一般過去時(shí)）從句（一般過去時(shí)）的句子里考查。的句子里考查。By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Be

46、ijing.（2003年上海春）年上海春）A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed1) 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或用兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等等連詞時(shí)，多用一般過去時(shí)。連詞時(shí)，多用一般過去時(shí)。When she saw the mouse，she screamed.My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.2) 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時(shí)；如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼

47、發(fā)生，可用一般過去時(shí)；如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)間完成，用過去完成時(shí)。間完成，用過去完成時(shí)。When I heard the news, I was very excited.3) 敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過去完成時(shí)，而只用一般過去時(shí)。敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過去完成時(shí)，而只用一般過去時(shí)。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.過去將來時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)從過去的某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。它是一個(gè)相對的時(shí)態(tài)，即立足于過去某時(shí)，從過去的某一時(shí)間看即它是一個(gè)相對的時(shí)態(tài)，即立

48、足于過去某時(shí)，從過去的某一時(shí)間看即將發(fā)生的事情就要用這一時(shí)態(tài)。將發(fā)生的事情就要用這一時(shí)態(tài)。1) He 1) He saidsaid his mother his mother would buywould buy a bike for him a bike for him2) My brother 2) My brother toldtold me he me he wouldnt believewouldnt believe Jack any more. Jack any more.3) 3) Would it beWould it be all right if he knew his i

49、llness? all right if he knew his illness? wouldwouldshouldshould動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形（其中（其中 would would 用于各種人稱，用于各種人稱， should should 常用于第一人稱）。常用于第一人稱）。例如：例如： They They were surewere sure they they would winwould win the final victory the final victory他們堅(jiān)信會(huì)贏得最后勝利。他們堅(jiān)信會(huì)贏得最后勝利。 He He didnt expectdidnt expect that w

50、e that we shouldshould（wouldwould）all beall be there there他沒想到我們都在那里。他沒想到我們都在那里。 他說他準(zhǔn)備試試。他說他準(zhǔn)備試試。He said he was going to try 他們說這條鐵路將在五一節(jié)通車。他們說這條鐵路將在五一節(jié)通車。 They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day 我們正要出去天（突然）下起雨來。我們正要出去天（突然）下起雨來。 We were about to go out when it began to rainI did

51、nt know when they were coming again我不知道他們什么時(shí)候再來。我不知道他們什么時(shí)候再來。1 1在在時(shí)間時(shí)間和和條件條件狀語狀語從從句中，常用句中，常用一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)來表示來表示過過去將來時(shí)去將來時(shí)。When he was a child he would get up early 2“would動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”可表示可表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)，不管什么人稱，都可用此時(shí)，不管什么人稱，都可用would。 他說他有時(shí)間就來看望你。他說他有時(shí)間就來看望你。 He said he would come to see you when he h

52、ad time他年幼時(shí)，總是很早起床。他年幼時(shí)，總是很早起床。1.-Do you work here? -No, I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary comes. just help outB. have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help out舉一反三破定勢舉一反三破定勢造成思維定式的干擾因素：造成思維定式的干擾因素：comes從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)主將誤選誤選just完成時(shí)標(biāo)志完成時(shí)標(biāo)志誤選誤選B題眼：題眼：I dont really work here暫時(shí)性工作暫時(shí)性工作正確選項(xiàng)正確選項(xiàng) CJust 的多義：剛正只不過引起祈使句的多義：剛正只不過引起祈使句2. I _in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (重慶卷重慶卷). lived B. was livingC. have lived D. had lived造成思維定勢