Book 7 Unit3 Revising useful structures

1、Revising useful structures I had already heard that George didnt like being kept waiting, so 2. From Jamess face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.3. , and when we approached him, I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.Read the sentences from the reading passag

2、e.V-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成，其否定形式是其否定形式是 “not doing”。V-ing 可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成 V-ing 短語，短語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化?；?。構(gòu)成構(gòu)成語態(tài)語態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài) 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not) having done (not) having been done二、動詞二、動詞-ing 形式的被動式分形式的被動式分和和1. 一般式一般式: 表示這個表示這個被動的動作被動的

3、動作正在進行正在進行或與或與謂語謂語表示的動作表示的動作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生。2. 完成式完成式: 強調(diào)這個強調(diào)這個被動的動作被動的動作在在謂語謂語動詞所表示動詞所表示的動作的動作之前之前完成。完成。 三、動詞三、動詞 -ing的被動式的句法功能的被動式的句法功能1. 做主語。如做主語。如: So being killed by sharks was a common thing.2. 做賓語，用在介詞后或需要帶做賓語，用在介詞后或需要帶-ing 形式作賓語形式作賓語的動詞后。如的動詞后。如: Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the

4、age of ten?3. 做表語。如做表語。如: What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.4. 做定語。如做定語。如: The problem being discussed is of great importance.5. 做狀語。如做狀語。如: Having been shown around the school, we were taken to see the library.6. 做補足語。如做補足語。如: As we drew close

5、r, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of six other killers._, the museum cant be visited yet. (由于沒有完工由于沒有完工）They dont like_（正在建造的橋的設(shè)計）（正在建造的橋的設(shè)計） V-ing 形式的被動式主要在句子中作狀語、形式的被動式主要在句子中作狀語、賓語、補足語和定語，但賓語、補足語和定語，但V-ing 形式的完形式的完成被動式成被動式 一般在句中作狀語一般在句中作狀語(偶爾作非限偶爾作非限定定語定定語)，不作其它成分。，不作其它成分。Notes：the d

6、esign of the new bridge being built.Not having been completedThe whole classroom having been cleaned, the students went home happily.2. V-ing 形式的被動式邏輯主語（即動作的承形式的被動式邏輯主語（即動作的承受者）受者）, 如果也是主句的主語，就不需要出示如果也是主句的主語，就不需要出示出來；但是如果邏輯主語不是主句的主語，就出來；但是如果邏輯主語不是主句的主語，就需要把需要把 V-ing 形式自己的主語表示出來。如：形式自己的主語表示出來。如：3. 在在

7、want,need,require,deserve等動詞習慣用等動詞習慣用動詞動詞-ing的主動形式表示被動意義的主動形式表示被動意義, 相當于相當于“to be done。如：。如： The house wants cleaning. My watch needs repairing. The way deserves mentioning. These young trees will require looking after carefully.The discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught B. c

8、atch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught分析：分析：lead to 中的中的to 是介詞，后接動是介詞，后接動詞詞-ing形式作賓語。形式作賓語。“小偷被抓小偷被抓”應(yīng)用應(yīng)用動詞動詞-ing的被動形式的被動形式being caught，所，所以選以選C。例題解析例題解析(2005年湖北年湖北) _ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any othe

9、r country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated解析解析: Australia與與separate構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，并且所以用被動語態(tài)，并且separate這一動作這一動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，故用動詞發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，故用動詞-ing完成完成時的被動語態(tài)，所以答案選時的被動語態(tài)，所以答案選C。At the beginning of the class, the noise of desks _ could

10、 be heard outside the classrooms.（2007 全國全國II） A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析】根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上【解析】根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上課的開始可以聽到桌子被打開和關(guān)上的聲課的開始可以聽到桌子被打開和關(guān)上的聲音。音。desks與與open, close之間為被動關(guān)系，之間為被動關(guān)系，且充當介詞且充當介詞of的賓語，因此使用動詞的賓語，因此使用動詞-ing形形式的被動語態(tài)。式的被

11、動語態(tài)。 The officers narrowly escaped _ in the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed2. _ for several weeks, the city needed food. A. As having flooded B. Being flooded C. Having been flooded D. To floodDCChoose the best answers.3. The bridge _ now is two kilometers long.

12、 A. being built B. built C. to be built D. having built4. The man is tired of _ at by his boss. A. shouting B. having shouted C. being shouted D. to shoutAC Rewrite the sentences with the passive ing form.The hotel which is being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.1. 2. T

13、he little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men. ExerciseThe little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned in the mountainous village.3. He wouldnt come if we dont invit

14、e him. (without)4. After he had been examined several times, he was told to be healthy.5. I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.He wouldnt come without being invited.Having been examined several times, he was told to be healthy.I noticed some people being taken to the police st

15、ation.1. James was afraid of _ (attack) by sharks.2. _ (hold up) in the water by Old Tom, James was confident he would survive.3. _ (include) in the hunt was a great thrill for Clancy.4. _ (accept) by the whalers, the killers were able to have a good feed on the whale.being attackedBeing held upBein

16、g includedHaving been acceptedComplete the sentences below with the passive -ing form of the verbs in brackets.5. Clancy didnt mind _ (tell) what to do.6. _ (help out) by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make a successful kill.7. The children enjoyed _ (take) to the aquarium.8. It seemed

17、the sea lion didnt mind _ (photograph) with the tourists after all.9. “In fact, the chances of anybody _ (swallow) by a whale are rather low,” said the researcher.being toldBeing helped outbeing takenbeing photographedbeing swallowed 他受不了別人那樣開他的玩笑。他受不了別人那樣開他的玩笑。 2. 這問題遠遠沒有解決。這問題遠遠沒有解決。 3. 沒有誰請他做，是他自己做的。沒有誰請他做，是他自己做的。 He could not bear being made fun of like that. TranslateThis question is far from being settled. He did it without being aske