初三情態(tài)動詞

1、情態(tài)動詞I. Warm-upWorld Consumer Rights Day is celebrated each year on March 15.每年的3月15日是世界消費者權益保護日。Consumer kn'sjum n. 消費者；用戶，顧客 II. presentation初中英語復習專輯（9）情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語，另外情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形?？键c一：can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞在陳述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有

2、種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may和must均不可代替它。She can swim fast, but I cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為“不可能”。Can the news be true?這個消息會是真的嗎？Can it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？No, it cant be our teacher. He is

3、 on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢?！纠}】I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.No. She _be there, I have just been there.2. could的用法：（1）.can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。（2）. could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。Could you d

4、o me a favor? 你能幫我個忙嗎？Could I use your pen? Yes, you can. 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表示請求、許可，比can正式 May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行車嗎？ You may go home now.現(xiàn)在你可以回家了。(2) .表示推測，談論可能性，意為“可能，或許”，一般用于肯定句中。It may rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨。 She may be at home.她可能在家呢. (3) .may的過去式為might，表示推測時?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。He

5、 is away from school. He might be sick. 他離開學校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V May you have a good time.祝你過得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1).must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。 You must stay here until I come back.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必須現(xiàn)在

6、交作業(yè)嗎？（2）對must引導的疑問句.Must I finish my homework? - Yes, you must./ No, you neednt或No, you dont have to (4)must表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。The light is on, so he must be at home now.燈亮著，他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。注意其反意問句的構成形式：當must表示肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。John must have seen the film, hasn't he? John must have seen the fil

7、m yesterday, didn't he?John must have been to Japan before, hasn't he? John must have been in Japan last week, wasn't he?John must have left before Mary arrived, hadn't he? 5. need的用法：（1）.need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，意為“沒有必要，不必”。用need提問時，肯定回答用must, 否定句用neednt或者是dont have to.Need I do tha

8、t right now?Yes, you must .No. you neednt. /No, you dont have to. (2).need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式。I need to do my homework. He needs to learn more about the girl.如果是物作主語，一般用need doing與need to be done這種情況下應注意兩點：6. shall的用法：shall表示征求對方意見，如：Shall we go out for a walk?我們出去散步好嗎？在英語中，我們可以用

9、其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見。(1).用“Let's do.”來提出建議。如：Let's go for a walk after supper.(2).用“What/How about.?”來提出建議；about后接名詞或動詞ing形式。如：What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?(3).用“Why not.?”來提出建議，表示“何不”not面后接動詞原形?！癢hy not.?”實際上是“Why don't you/we.?”的簡略形式。如：Why not m

10、eet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?(4).用“Would you like.?”來提出建議，意思是“你想要嗎?”Would you like后可接名詞或不定式。Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?7. should的用法：（1）.should意為“應該”，可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。We should protect the environment.我們應該保護環(huán)境。（2）Should have

11、 done表示對過去動作的責備、批評。You should have finished your homework.(3 )在條件狀語從句中，should 表示“萬一”，即可表示不能實現(xiàn)的假設，又可表示可以實現(xiàn)的假設。 If he should fail to come， ask Linda to work in his place.萬一他不來，就叫Linda代替他的工作。 (4)在某些從句中，should 表示驚異、意外等情緒，常譯為“竟然”。 It seems unfair that this should happen to me.真不公平，這件事竟然發(fā)生在我身上。8. will的用法：

12、will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。I will help you if Im free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就會幫你。注意：1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式變換。由于“一般將來時”的結構可以用“will+動詞原形”來表示，所以there be句型的一般將來時的形式就是there will be。（一定不能說there will have）例如：There are many students in our school. There will be many students in our school. There will be

13、a sports meeting next week.一定不能說：There will have a sports meeting next week.2、will與be going to的區(qū)別：. be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時間則較遠一些He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.

14、He will be twenty years old. be going to含有“計劃，準備”的意思，而will則沒有這個意思， She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you. will 可以表示臨時性決定 -Your cousin is ill in hospital. -Im sorry to hear

15、that. Ill see her later.9. had better的用法：had better意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式為：had better not。We had better go now.我們最好現(xiàn)在就走。You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把這本書給他?？键c二：含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句的回答:1.對may引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure . No, you cant.2.對must引出的疑問句，回

16、答方式為：Yes, must. No,dont have to/neednt.3.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）4. shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, I will. (No, I wont.)Sure . (Im sorry , I cant.)All right/ O

17、K/ With pleasure.Certainly. (No, thank you .)Yes, please.考點三:不同情態(tài)動詞的否定意義也不同：1.（1）.cant可譯為“不會”， I cant play basketball.我不會打籃球。（2）當句子表推測時，用cant表達不可能 He Cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。（3）cant還可用來回答“ May I ? ”這樣的問句。May I come in ? 我可以進來嗎？No, . / cant.不，你不能。（4）cant還可用于固定習語中。ca

18、nt help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做She cant help crying.她不禁大哭起來。The children cant wait to open the box.孩子們迫不及待地想打開盒子。2. may的否定式為may not，譯成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.他也許不在家?？键c四:情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結構為：情態(tài)動詞+ be + done (動詞的過去分詞)。做題時要兼顧情態(tài)動詞和被動語態(tài)這兩個方面。More and more trees must be pla

19、nted in China.在中國必須種植更多的樹木。Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far from us.很多星星我們都看不到，因為它們離我們太遠了?？键c五:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法:一、“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”表示對現(xiàn)在的推測。1、can表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。That man cant be her husband. she is still single.Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?2、must表示肯定的推測，一般用于肯定句中。He mu

20、st be in his office now. Mr Li must be working now，for the lights in his office are still on.3、might表示推測時不一定是may的過去時，只是表示其可能性較小。The man may be the headmaster. Where is Mr Li?He might be working in his office. May Mr Li come?He might not come here.4、Could表示推測時，語氣比can要弱，說話者留有余地。Could it be an animal?I

21、t could not be，because it is not moving.5、Should表示推測的可能性比較大，僅比must的可能性小一點。It is already 10 oclock now they should be there.【情態(tài)動詞易混點歸納】易混點一: can和be able to:1） 兩者表示能力時用法相同2） can只有原形“can”和過去式“could”兩種形式，在其他時態(tài)中要用be able to來表示。3） be able to常常指經(jīng)過努力，花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。Jim cant speak English.吉姆不會說英語。 He has b

22、een able to drive.他已經(jīng)會開車了。Im sure youll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。易混點二:can和may1. can和may均可用來征求意見或許可，意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能幫助你嗎？2. can和may表示可能性時的區(qū)別：1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2)在疑問句中表示推測用can，不用might，may，must3)在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。She may be in the classroom .她可

23、能在教室里。Where can they be now?他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒？That cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混點三: may be和maybe 用法區(qū)別 常用位置may be may為情態(tài)動詞，be為動詞原形 句中，作謂語maybe 副詞，大概、也許，相當于perhaps 句首，作狀語He may be wrong , but Im not sure.也許他錯了，但我也不確定。Maybe he is repairing his bike.易混點四：must和have to1. must側重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。have to側重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時、過去時和將

24、來I know I must study hard.我知道我必須努力學習。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟病得厲害，我只得半夜把醫(yī)生請來。2. have to可以用于多種時態(tài)；而must只用于一般現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼he composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混點五: used to do / be used to doing /

25、 be used to do/ be used for doing 1. used to do表示過去常常發(fā)生的動作，強調(diào)過去，只用于過去，注意用to do，不用doing形式；2. be used to doing意為“習慣做”，be可有各種時態(tài)；3. be used to do意為“被用來做,”為被動語態(tài)形式。be used for doing 用作”My father used to drink a cup of coffee in the morning. 。我父親過去常常在早上喝一杯咖啡。She is used to eating meat.她習慣吃肉。He wasnt used t

26、o eating in a restaurant.他不習慣在飯店吃飯。A knife can be used for cutting things. / A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用來割東西)III. Practice1） 見中考分類集訓P13-14過關 檢測過關時間：10min 滿分： 10分 得分：1. Im sure our football team will _the team from No.12 Middle School.A. win B. fail C. lose D. beat 2. - _you good luck in

27、the new year. - The same to you A. Hope B. Want C. Wish D. Expect 3. - How long can I _ _ the book? - At most five days. A. borrow B. buy C. return D. keep 4. -Would you mind _ me with my math? - Of course not. I have set my mind _ you.A. help; to help B. helping; to help C. helping; helping D. to h

28、elp; to help 5. -Li Yang, you _ on the phone. - I am coming. Thanks. A. want B. are wanting C. are wanted D. have wanted 6. I have several pens, but _ of them work, so I have to buy some new ones. A. all B. both C. none D. either 7. - Where does Frank work? -Sorry, I dont know. I havent heard from h

29、im _he left here. A. when B. before C. since D. while 8. Its nice _you _ me with my physics. A. for; to help B. for; helping C. of; to help D. of; helping9. Be quick. _. A. Comes here the bus B. The bus here comes C. Here the bus comes D. Here comes the bus.10. - Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tom

30、orrow. - Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead.A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains 中 考 演 練 場蒲江中學2009年自主招生考試英 語 試 題11. - Jim, come back. Your book is still in the drawer. - Oh, thank you. I have forgotten _it there. A. putting B

31、. put C. to put D. to putting 12. Im sorry I didnt pay attention to what you said. I was considering _ out the problem A. worked B. to work C. how to work D. how to be working 13. He found it difficult to read the book, so he asked his friend if there was _to read. A. something easy enough B. someth

32、ing enough easy C. enough easy something D. easy enough something14. I _with my uncle and aunt because my parents have been abroad for a holiday. A. stayed B. would stay C. am staying D. was staying15. -Why not try some chocolate cake? Dont you like it? - _, but I have trouble with my bad tooth. A.

33、Yes, I do B. Yes, I dont C. No, I dont D. No, I do 16. - Would you like to stay here for _? - Yes, Id love to A. two more days B. other two days C. two another days D. more two days 17. - Does this kind of orange taste _? - Yes. But that kind of orange tastes even _. A. well; good B. good; well C. w

34、ell; better D. good; better18. - Are there many girls in your class? - Yes. _of the students in our class are girls. A. Three fifth B. Third fifths C. Three fifths D. Third five19. John will have to go to work by bus as his car _. A. is repaired B. is being repaired C. is needed repairing D. is need

35、ed repairs20. - _ I didnt follow you . - I said that you must practice speaking English every day. A. Why? B. Oh, yes C. Pardon? D. So what?二完形填空。（總分30分，每小題1.5分） 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。Sudha Chandran, a classical dancer from India, had to have her right leg cut after a car accident. S

36、he was also _21_ on her career road. Though the accident brought her bright career to a _22_, she didnt give up. In the _23_ months that followed, Sudha met a doctor who developed an artificial (人造的) _24_ made from rubber filled with sponge(海綿) . So _25_ she wanted to go back to _26_ after she had b

37、een fitted with an artificial leg. Sudha knew that she believed in _27_ and could realize her dream, _28_ she began her courageous journey back to the world of dancing - _29_ to balance, bend , stretch, walk, turn , twist and twirl. After every public recital (個人表演), she _30_ ask her dad about her p

38、erformance. “You _31_ have a long way to go” was the answer she used to get _32_ . In January 1984, Sudha made a historic _33_ by giving a public recital in Bombay. She performed in such a great manner that it _34_ everyone to tears and this _35_ pushed her to the number one position again. That eve

39、ning when she asked her dad the _36_ question, he didnt say anything. He just touched her feet as a praise. Sudhas comeback was _37_ moving an event that a film producer _38_ to make the story into a hit film When someone asked Sudha how she had _39_ to dance again, she said quite simply, “YOU DONT

40、NEED FEET TO DANCE.” _40_ is impossible in this world. If you have the will to win, you can achieve anything.21. A. left alone B. cut off C. kept out D. put out 22. A. top B. height C. point D. stop23. A. unforgettable B. painful C. busy D. free24. A. flower B. leg C. gift D. box25. A. strangely B.

41、gradually C. heavily D. strongly26. A. home B. school C. dancing D. walking27. A. the doctor B. the stage C. herself D. her dad28. A. however B. even C. since D. therefore29. A. starting B. remembering C. wanting D. learning30. A. could B. would C. should D. might31. A. yet B. ever C. also D. still3

42、2. A. in return B. in turn C. in surprise D. in anger33. A. change B. movement C. comeback D. promise34. A. made B. moved C. let D. forced35. A. story B. performance C. decision D. accident36. A. usual B. new C. normal D. interesting37. A. such B. this C. very D. so38. A. allowed B. pretended C. ref

43、used D. decided39. A. tried B. managed C. thought D. imagined40. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything三閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳答案。(總分40分，每小題2分)AAmerica is mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels h

44、urt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while-then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us f

45、lower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending（延伸）sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality（好客）easily.Anot

46、her difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they dont show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with ou

47、r time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor

48、 outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.For the American

49、s, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home! 41. The writer of this passage must be _A. an American B. a Chinese C. a professor D. a student42. Which of the following stat

50、ements is TRUE?A. Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. B. Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. C. Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.D. Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.43

51、.From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be _ A. warmly welcomed at the airport B. offered a ride to his home C. treated hospitably at his home D. treated to dinner in a restaurant.44. The underlined words “generous with

52、our time” in Paragraph 3 mean_ A. strict with time B. serious with time C. careful with time D. willing to spend time.45. A suitable title for this passage would probably be “_” A. Friendships between Chinese B. Friendships between Americans C. Americans hospitality D. Americans and Chineses views o

53、f friendshipsB. When Christopher Columbus landed on the then unnamed Costa Rica in1502, he saw many Indians wearing gold earrings. So he thought the land must be rich in gold. He named the place Costa Rica, which means “rich coast” in Spanish. Though little gold was found, Costa Rica today is indeed rich with coffee and bananas. Coffee is the most important product in Costa Rica and most of it is exported(出口) to other countries like America and West Germany. Bananas are the countrys second most important