英國文學(xué)史及選讀__復(fù)習(xí)要點總結(jié)

1、英國文學(xué)史及選讀第一冊復(fù)習(xí)要點1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此處可能會有填空，選擇等小題）2. Romance （名詞解釋）3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthurs story4. Ballad（名詞解釋）5. Character of Robin Hood6. Geoffrey Chaucer: found

2、er of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)7. Heroic couplet (名詞解釋)8. Renaissance（名詞解釋）9.Thomas MoreUtopia10. Sonnet（名詞解釋）11. Blank verse（名詞解釋）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 1

3、3. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推薦閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照，本文用詞正式優(yōu)雅，多排比句和長句，語言造詣非常高，里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一讀）14. William Shakespeare四大悲劇比較重要，此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了，這些劇的主題，背景，情節(jié)，人物形象都要熟悉，當(dāng)然他最重要的是Hamlet這是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要屬sonnet18。（其戲劇中著名對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會出選讀）15. John Milton 三大史詩非常重要，特別是Paradise Lost和Samso

4、n Agonistes。對于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse寫成的，故事情節(jié)來自O(shè)ld Testament，另外要知道此書theme和Satan的形象。16. John BunyanThe Pilgrims Progress17. Founder of the Metaphysical schoolJohn Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18. Enlightenment（名詞解釋）19. Neoclassicism（名詞解

5、釋）20. Richard Steele“The Tatler” 21. Joseph Addison“The Spectator”這個比上面那個要重要，注意這個報紙和我們今天的報紙不一樣，它虛構(gòu)了一系列的人物，以這些人物的口氣來寫報紙上刊登的散文，這一部分要仔細讀。22. Steels and Addisons styles and their contributions23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (fe

6、atures) and limitations24. Jonathan Swift: “Gullivers Travels”此書非常重要，要知道具體內(nèi)容，就是Gulliver游歷過的四個地方的英文名稱，和每個部分具體的諷刺對象; （我們主要講了三個地方） “A Modest Proposal”比較重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反諷手法。25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.26. Daniel D

7、efoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當(dāng)然是Robinson Crusoe比較重要，劇情要清楚， Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蘊涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。27. Samuel Richardson“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”28. Henry Fieldi

8、ng: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一個和第三個比較重要，需要仔細看。他是一個比較重要的作家，另外Fielding也被稱為father of the English novel.29. Laurence Sterne“Tristram Shandy”項狄傳30. Richard Sheridan“The School for Scandal”31. Oliver Goldsmith“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village” (poem) (both two poems were w

9、ritten by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy), “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays)32. Sentimentalism（名詞解釋）33. Thomas Gray“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”（英國詩歌里非常著名的一首，曾經(jīng)被譽為“有史以來英國詩歌里最好的一首”）(a repres

10、entative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓園派詩人)* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue re

11、sulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Grays “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.34. In the latter half of the 18th centur

12、y, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35. Thomas Percy“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”許多中古的民謠都是在這個時期重新收集和整理起來的，這個集子是那個時代比較有名的一個民謠集。36. William Blake比較重要，需要對主要作品有所了解，特別是Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 這兩本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的寫作特點也要注意，比如語言的簡單明了，神秘主義氛圍等。37

13、. Robert Burns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名詩，寫作特點: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.英國文學(xué)史及選讀第二冊練習(xí)題I. 浪漫主義時期I. Each of the statements below is followed by

14、 four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_A_in 1798.A.the publication of Lyrical BalladsB.the death of Sir ScottC.the birth of William WordsworthD.the passage of the

15、first Reform Bill in the Parliament2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_B_. A. Novel B. poetry C. drama D. prose3. Romanticism does not emphasize_D_.A.the special qualities of each individuals mindB.the inner world of the human spiritC.individualityD.the features that men have in common4

16、._B_ is not a Romantic poet. A. William Blake B. Sir Scott C. P. B. Shelley D. Lord Byron5. _C_ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains. A. Walter Scott B. Mary Shelley C. Jane Austen D. Ann Radcliff6. _C_ is not characteristic of William Blakes writing. A. plain and direct

17、language B. compression of meaning C. supernatural quality D. symbolism7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _B_. A. Byron B. Coleridge C. Shelley D. Keats8. Wordsworth thinks that _D_ is the only subject of literary interest.A.the life of rising bourgeoisie B.aristocratic lifeC.the l

18、ife of the royal familyD.common life9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_A_. A. Lord Byrons B. P. B. Shelleys C. John Keatss D. Samuel Coleridges10. _A_ is not a novel written by Jane Austen. A. Jane Eyre B. Sense and Sensibility C. Pride and Prejudice D. EmmaII. Complete each of the following statemen

19、ts with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_.individual _as the very center of all life and all experience.2. For the Romantics, _ human life _ is not only the major source of poetic imag

20、ery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _ nature _.”4. According to the subjects, Wordsworths short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _ human life _.5. Coleridges achievement as poet can be divided int

21、o two remarkably diverse groups: _.the demonic _ and the conversational.6. As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creation of the “_ Byronic hero _.”7. “_ Ode to the West Wind _” is Shelleys representative work.8. _ The odes _ are generally regarded as Keatss most important and m

22、ature work.9. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keatss “_ Ode on a Grecian Urn _.”10. _ Pride and Prejudice _is the most delightful of Jane Austens work.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.( T )1. The Romantic period

23、 is also a great age of prose.( T )2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.( F )3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.( F)4. Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”( F )5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.

24、IV. Name the author of each of the following literary work.1.“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” Coleridge2.Songs of Innocence Blake 3.“Ode to a Nightingale” Keats 4.“A Song: Men of England” Shelley5.The Prelude WordsworthV. Define the literary terms listed below1.RomanticismRomanticism is a movement

25、that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places. The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Sh

26、elley, etc.2.Ode Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the n

27、ame of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?1. It is taken from Shelleys Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eul

28、ogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2. For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of so

29、litude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.2. It is taken from Wordsworths “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude. He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the p

30、oem.II.維多利亞時期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_B_. A. 1835 B. 1836 C. 1837 D. 18382. The critic

31、al realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_D_. A. representing the 18th century realist novel B. criticizing the society C. defending the massE.all the above3. _D_is not a Victoria novelist. A. Charles DickensB. George Eliot C. William Makepeace ThackerayD. D. H. Lawrence4

32、. _C_ is not a work by Charles Dickens. A. Oliver Twist B. David CopperfieldC. Middlemarch D. A Tale of Two Cities5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_B_. A. Charlotte Bronte B. Emily Bront C. Anne Bronte D. Branwell Bronte6. _A_ is not Thomas Hardys work. A. The Mill on the Floss C. Jud

33、e the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge7. “My Last Duchess” is _A_. A. a dramatic monologue B. a short lyricC. a novel D. an essay8. Tennysons “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_B_. A. Homers Odessey B. Joyces Ulysses C. Dante D. Greek Mythology9. In the 19th

34、 century English literature, a new literary trend _D_ appeared. And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s. A. romanticism B. naturalism C. realism D. critical realism10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_A_.A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Childe Harolds PilgrimageC.Gullivers Tr

35、avelsD.The Canterbury TalesII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1. The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_ art for arts sake _.”2. In the Victorian period, _ the novel _became the most w

36、idely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.3.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _ critical realist _ writers of the Victorian Age.4.Tennysons poem “_ Break, Break, Break _” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5.Robert Browning is famous for his _ d

37、ramatic monologue _.6.George Eliots _ Middlemarch _ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7.Tennysons famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_ Ulysses _.”8._ Oliver Twist _ is Dickens first child hero.9.Jane Eyre represents those_ middle _-class working w

38、omen who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10.The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_ Tennyson_. Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brack

39、ets.( T )1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.( F )2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for arts sake.”( F )3. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Brontes.( F ) 4. Brownings “Meeting at Night” and “P

40、arting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.( T )5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardys work.IV. Name the author of each of the following literary works.1. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club Charles Dickens 2. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall Anne Bronte

41、3. In Memoriam Alfred Tennyson4. The Mill on the Floss George Eliot5.The Return of the Native Thomas HardyV. Define the literary terms listed below.1. Dramatic MonologueDramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given i

42、n the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speakers personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem. An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2. Critical RealismCritical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century. It sticks

43、 to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass. The representative figures are Dickens, the Brontes, etcVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the a

44、uthor and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1. That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain. Mr. Bumble sh

45、oot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good; whereunto Mr. Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him-which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once

46、more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.1. It is taken from Charles Dickenss Oliver Twist. This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to

47、 a notorious chimney-sweeper. It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.2. Thus, neither having the clue to the others secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each others character and

48、moods without attempting to pry into each others history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.2. It is taken from Thomas Hardys Tess of

49、 the DUrbervilles. This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III. 現(xiàn)代時期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best

50、complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. Modernism takes_C_as its theoretical base. A. the irrational philosophy B. the theory of psycho-analysis C. both A and B D. neither A nor B2.Modernism rose out of_D_.A. skepticism B. disillusion of capitalism C. irrational philosophy D. al

51、the above3.Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_B_.A .romanticism B. Realism C. post-modernism D. all the above4._C_is not a movement in the modern period.A. “the Angry Young Men” B. “the Beat Generation” C. “the Lost Generation” D. “the Theater of the Absurd”5. _A_ is not a representat

52、ive figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing. A. D. H. Lawrence B. James Joyce C. Virginia Woolf D. Dorothy Richardson6. Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd. It is written by_B_. A. George Bernard

53、Shaw B. Samuel Beckett C. John Galsworthy D. Eugene O Neill7. The Waste Land is_D_s most important single poem.A. Ezra Pound B. William Butler Yeats C. Alfred Tennyson D. T. S. Eliot8. _A_ is not D. H. Lawrences work. A. Finnegans Wake B. Sons and Lovers C. Lady Chatterleys Lover D. The Rain Bow9. _

54、C_ is not James Joyces novel. A. Ulysses B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C. Dubliners D. Finnegans Wake10.“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” is written by_D_.A. W. H. Auden B. D. H. Lawrence C. W. B. Yeats D. T. S. EliotII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word o

55、r a phrase according to the textbook1.The French_ Symbolism _, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.2. Modernism rejects_ rationalism _, which is the theoretical base of realism.3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_ psycho-analysis_played a particularly important role.4.Most of Bernard Shaws plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_ problem plays _.5._ D. H. Lawrence _is famous for his frank discussio