英語常用系動詞

1、英語常用連系動詞連系動詞也稱系動詞(Link Verb )，它本身具有實在意義，但不能單獨作謂語，后邊必須加上表語共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。連系動詞與其后面的表語合起來叫作系表結(jié)構(gòu)。系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要是為了說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。一、表示狀態(tài)的系動詞用來說明主語的狀態(tài)，只有一個be，但be在不同的人稱和時態(tài)中有不同的形式，有am、are、is、was和were，后接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語等作表語。例如：The man is a scie nee teacher.Mary's new dresses were colorful.二、表示持續(xù)性的系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持

2、一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand、continue 和 rest 等，例女口 :Please keep quiet.Several problems rema in to be solved.I hope the weather will stay fine.The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake.Mr. Black stands high in the public estimation.The weather con ti nues cold.My gran dfather will n e

3、ver rest idle.三、表“像系動詞用來表示“看起來像這一概念，主要有seem appear和look，例如:She seems very happy with the new job.He appeared to be talk ing to himself.She looks happy.四、感官系動詞感官系動詞主要有feel、smell、sou nd、taste等，后面接形容詞作表語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)，其意思分別為“摸/聞/聽/嘗起來。這幾個動詞的主語往往是物，而不是人。例如：The tomatoes feel very soft.These flowers smell ver

4、y sweet.The music sounds very pleas ing to the ear.The meat tastes delicious.五、表示變化的系動詞這些系動詞表示主語變化成什么樣，主要有become grow、turn、fall、get、go、come和run等，這些詞后面大多數(shù)接形容詞作表語，但become, turn, sound,remain, seem亦可接名詞作表語，只是turn假設(shè)跟名詞那么不加冠詞。例如：She became a famous writer.His cold is grow ing worse.In autu mn the leaves

5、tur n yellow.They first met at university and later fell in love.It's gett ing cold.The milk went sour.My shoe came loose.The river was beg inning to run dry.He turns doctor. = He becomes a doctor.六、表終止的系動詞表示主語發(fā)出的動作已經(jīng)終止，主要有prove和turn out ，表達(dá)“證實和“變成之意。例如：My advice proved( to be) wrong.He proved a

6、 compete nt man ager.The party tur ned out (to be )very successful.The rookie turned out (to be) the best hitter on the team.七、學(xué)習(xí)系動詞的考前須知1. 特別要注意“ be+過去分詞所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于表示主語的特征或所處的狀態(tài)，通常沒有由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語，如：The door was closed.被動語態(tài)側(cè)重于強調(diào)主語是謂語動詞所示動作的承受者，表示動作；句中可以用由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。如：Thedoor was closed

7、 by me.還要注意由“ be+ V-ing 所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的進(jìn)行時態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于說明主語具有的特征或存在的狀態(tài)，也可說明主語是什么。如：Myjob is teachi ng En glish.進(jìn)行時態(tài)側(cè)重于強調(diào)主語正在做某事。如：Mr. Wangisread ing an eve ning paper now.2. 要特別注意某些動詞既可以做系動詞，又可以做實意動詞的用法。有些系動詞也是實意動詞，該動詞表達(dá)實義時，有具體詞義，可單獨作謂語，例如：He fell ill yesterday.He fell off the ladder.The n ewly-i nven

8、 ted soft drinking tastes quite uniq ue.The chef is tasting the fish carefully.3. 系動詞除了接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語等以外，還可接以下幾種表語形式： 能接as if/as though表語從句的系動詞有：look 看起來，smell聞起來，sou nd 聽起來，feel 覺得；appear 顯得，seem 似乎等。例如：He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.She seemed as if thoug

9、h she couldn' t understand why Laura wasthere.It sounds to me as though there ' s a tap running somewhere.She felt as if her head were splitt ing.The river appeared as if en veloped in smog. 可用于 “ It+系動詞+that從句結(jié)構(gòu)的有：seem和appear不可用be、 look。如：It seemed that he had made some serious mistakes in

10、his work.It appeared that he was talk ing to himself. 能用不定式作表語 的系動詞有 be、seem、get、look、appear、prove、 grow 等。Her job is to look after the childre n.He seems not to go with us.She looks to be a young girl of twen ty.He didn ' t appear to dislike it.My advice proved to be wrong.He will grow to like

11、this work gradually. 能與there 連用 的系動詞有：be、appear和seem.如:There appeared to be only one room.There seems(to be)no n eed to go. 能接介詞短語的有：feel, look, sound, taste, remainf sounds like a train going un der my room.he con cert rema ins in my memory.4. 系動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時。5. 系動詞無被動語態(tài)。練習(xí)：1. The drug(to be) highly eff

12、ective.A. turned B. becameC. proved D. smelled2. How sweet the music!A. soundsB. looksC. remai nsD. is3. The big soldierthere except for his slightly moving lips.(B)A. kept calm B. stood stillC. was quiet D. lay sile nt4. This after noon will be cloudy,clear.A. feeli ng B. tast ingC. falli ngD. turn

13、i ngyoun ger.5. The actress is thirty-five years old, but she a lot(B)A. looks B. appears C. seemsD. feelsHe appears quite young. 他顯得年輕。6.He _ pale andhisclothes were ina frightfulstate(A)A.lookedB. appearedC.seemedD. was looked7. His dream to be admittedintoBeijing Universityhas trueat last(D)A. be

14、comeB. turnedC.grownD. come8.Thesilk madeinSuzhou _smooth andsoft(C)A. is felt B. is touchedC. feelsD. is feeling9. Things to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.(A)A. turned out B. turnedC. were proved D. showed10. Holding the note in his hand， Adam there dumbfounded(D)A. remained B. stayedC.

15、keptD. stood11. Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time tobefore theparty. (A)A.get changedB. get changeC. get cha ngingD.get to cha nge12. - I was won deri ng if we could go skii ng on the weeke nd.good.A. Sou ndB. SoundedC. SoundingD Sounds13. It rema inswhether Jim will be fit eno

16、 ugh to play inthe finals.(B)A. seenB. to be see nC. see ingD. to seeit had beenC. bestD. well15. Please rema inun til the pla ne has come to a complete stop.A. to seatB. to be seated14. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ifput in the fridge for a little while.A.goodB. betterD.

17、seatedC. seati ng1-5 CABDB 6-10 ADCAD 11-15 ADBBD1. The story sounds.A. to be true B. as trueC. being trueD. true2. Those oranges taste .A. good B. wellC. to be good D. to be well3. - Are you feeling.(B)-Yes. I'm fine now.A. any well B. any betterC. quite good D. quite better4. Do you like the m

18、aterial?-Yes it very well.A. is feeling B. feltC. feels D. is felt5. - You don't look very. Are you ill?-No I'm just a bit tired.A. goodB. wellC. strong D. healthywhether6. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if he was goingin the right direction.A. seeing B. having seenC. to have seen D. to see7. How longeach other before theymarried-For about a year.A. have they known, getB. did they know were going to, getC. do they know are going to, getD. had they known, got8. Cle