專業(yè)英語三套考試題目答案

1、第一套考試題(8 points *5 + 12 points *5 )Part One (Translate the following sentences into Chinese )1. The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.不同的國家通常擁有不同的法律體系，參與商務(wù)活動(dòng)的一方或幾方不得不根據(jù)外國的法律來調(diào)整自己

2、的經(jīng)營活動(dòng)。2. Countries of the world are divided by the World Bank into three categories of high-income, middle-income and low-income economies.世界各國被世界銀行分為三大類：高收入國家、中等收入國家和低收入國家。3. Regional economic integration falls under four types given below in the order from least to most integrative按照一體化程度的高低，地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)一

3、體化有以下四種方式。4. Multinational Corporations can be classified into four different types according to their organization and way of operation.按照組織結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)營方式，跨國公司可分為四類。5. In addition to visible trade, which involves the import and export of goods, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of

4、 services between countries.有形貿(mào)易指的是貨物的進(jìn)出口。除此之外，還有無形貿(mào)易。它指的是各國之間服務(wù)的交換。Part Two (Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese)1. However, counter trade can be very risky business. By concealing the real prices and costs of transactions it may conceal and help perpetuate economic inefficiencies in th

5、e market place. Companies may suffer losses because they could not get rid of products of poor quality. Finally, counter trade may be considered as a form of protectionism.然而，對(duì)銷貿(mào)易可能是非常危險(xiǎn)的業(yè)務(wù)。由于掩蓋交易的真正價(jià)格和成本，對(duì)銷貿(mào)易可以掩蓋并促使一國長(zhǎng)期在市場(chǎng)上保持較低的收益。公司因不能擺脫劣質(zhì)品而可能遭受損失。最后，對(duì)銷貿(mào)易可能被認(rèn)為是貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的一種表現(xiàn)形式。2. On the part of the i

6、mporter, there is the risk that the shipment will be delayed, and he might only receive them long after payment. The delay may be caused by problems in production or transportation, and such delays may lead to loss of business. There is also a risk that wrong goods might be sent as a result of negli

7、gence of the exporter or simply because of his lack of integrity.3. With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international specialization-one country producing more of a commodity than it uses itself and selling the remainder to other countr

8、ies. Such specialization constitutes an important basis for international trade.隨著生產(chǎn)和技術(shù)的發(fā)展，產(chǎn)生了另一個(gè)刺激國際貿(mào)易的因素，即國際生產(chǎn)專門化一個(gè)國家所生產(chǎn)的某種商品數(shù)量超出它的消費(fèi)，并將所剩商品賣給其他國家。這種專門化構(gòu)成了國際貿(mào)易的一個(gè)重要基礎(chǔ)。4. Transportation is fundamental to the development and operation of an industrial society. It permits the specialization of work e

9、ffort necessary to achieve efficiency and productivity. Geographically distant resources become accessible with transportation. The economic growth of any society in any part of the world is directly related to the availability of transportation. A society without an advanced transportation system r

10、emains primitive.運(yùn)輸對(duì)工業(yè)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和運(yùn)行起著至關(guān)重要的作用，而專門化是提高效率和生產(chǎn)力所必需的。運(yùn)輸使我們獲得地域上相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的資源。世界任何地方、任何一種社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)都與利用運(yùn)輸有直接的關(guān)系。一個(gè)沒有先進(jìn)運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的社會(huì)只能處在原始的落后狀態(tài)。5. In the case of business enterprises, the values exposed to loss are usually much higher, and the premium charged is likely to be substantially higher than that for a

11、 house. Even in these circumstances the majority of firms prefer to pay a known cost or premium for the transfer of risk, rather than face the uncertainty of carrying the risk of loss.對(duì)企業(yè)主來說，可能遭受的損失通常要大得多。保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)也比一棟房子高出許多。即便是在這種情況下，大多數(shù)公司寧可付數(shù)量明確的費(fèi)用即保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)來轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，也不愿承擔(dān)不確定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)損失。第二套試題(8 points *5 + 12 points *5

12、 ) Part One (Translate the following sentences into Chinese ). Under specific conditions, high interest rate will attract short term international fund, increasing the exchange rate of ones own currency and vice versa. FDI is mainly practiced in three forms: Building new enterprises purchasing exist

13、ing facilities and forming joint ventures.外國直接投資主要有三種形式：建立新企業(yè)、購買現(xiàn)成設(shè)備、建立合資公司. The common objective of these institutions is to help raise standards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries.這些機(jī)構(gòu)的共同目標(biāo)是通過把發(fā)達(dá)國家的資金輸送到發(fā)展中國家以有助這些國家提高生活水平。. Conferen

14、ce decisions require a two-thirds majority but procedural matters a simple majority. Board decisions are taken on a simple majority.貿(mào)發(fā)會(huì)議的決議需要經(jīng)2/3的多數(shù)通過，但議程性問題只要簡(jiǎn)單的多數(shù)通過。理事會(huì)的決議也只需簡(jiǎn)單的多數(shù)通過。. All member states of the United Nations and of its specialized agencies are members of the Conference. China becam

15、e a member of the Conference in 1972.聯(lián)合國的所有成員國及聯(lián)合國的所有專門機(jī)構(gòu)的成員都是貿(mào)發(fā)會(huì)議的成員。中國于1972年成為貿(mào)發(fā)會(huì)議成員。Part Two (Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese). A brief survey of insurance literature reveals differences of opinion concerning how the term should be defined. In what ever way the term is defined, in

16、surance is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provides for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk. Those who transfer risk are called the insured. Those who assume risk are called insurers.概觀講述保險(xiǎn)的文獻(xiàn)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)如何給保險(xiǎn)下定義有不同的看法。不論如何下定義，保險(xiǎn)都是一

17、種社會(huì)機(jī)制，人們?cè)诖藱C(jī)制下轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并從所有轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的成員繳納的基金中提供損失賠償金。轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的人稱為投保人，承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的人稱為承保人。. The bulk of international trade is done in the general mode of buying and selling of goods and services by means of money and the market. Under specific conditions, however, special modes of transactions may be adopted to better re

18、alize ones business purposes. Among them, counter trade and its variants are perhaps the most popular modes of trade.大部分國家貿(mào)易都是通過貨幣與市場(chǎng)以買賣商品和勞務(wù)的形式進(jìn)行的。然而在某些特定情況下，也采取一些特殊貿(mào)易方式以更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的商務(wù)目標(biāo)。其中對(duì)銷貿(mào)易及其各種不同形式也許是最常見的貿(mào)易方式。. Tourism if yet another important form of invisible trade. Many countries may have beauti

19、ful scenery, wonderful attractions, places of historical interest, or merely a mild and sunny climate, these countries attract large numbers of tourists, who spend money for traveling, hotel accommodations, meals, taxis, and so on. Some countries depend heavily on tourism for their foreign exchange

20、earnings, and many countries are making great efforts to develop their tourism.旅游是無形貿(mào)易的另一個(gè)重要形式。許多國家可能有美麗的風(fēng)景、名勝古跡或只是溫和的、充滿陽光的氣候，這些國家上大批旅游者，旅游者們花錢旅行、食宿、乘出租車等。有些國家在很大程度上依賴旅游業(yè)賺取外匯收入，而且許多國家正在積極努力發(fā)展他們的旅游業(yè)。. Business people are also concerned about the income distribution of a market, i.e. the proportions

21、of its rich, middle income and poor people. Producers of quality electrical appliances such as color TVs are interested in the size of a countrys middle class, while manufacturers of expensive cars such as Rolls-Royces may want to know the number of its millionaires.商界人士也關(guān)注一個(gè)市場(chǎng)的收入分布狀況，即富人、中等收入者和窮人的比

22、例。像彩電這種家用電器的制造商，會(huì)關(guān)注一個(gè)國家中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的人數(shù)；像勞斯萊斯這樣的豪華轎車生產(chǎn)商則想知道一國百萬富翁的人數(shù)。. International business refers to transactions between parties form different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between H

23、ong Kong and Taiwan.國際商務(wù)活動(dòng)是指不同國家間進(jìn)行的交易活動(dòng)，有時(shí)同一國家內(nèi)不同關(guān)稅區(qū)之間進(jìn)行的商務(wù)活動(dòng)也稱為國際商務(wù)，例如，香港和臺(tái)灣之間的商務(wù)活動(dòng)。第三套試題(8 points *5 + 12 points *5 )Part One (Translate the following sentences into Chinese ). Regional economic integration falls under four types given below in the order from least to most integrative按照一體化程度的高低，地

24、區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化有以下四種形式。. Multinational Corporations can be classified into four different types according to their organization and way of operation.按照組織結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)營方式，跨國公司可分為四類。3. The document similar to the ocean bill of lading is called airway bill for air transportation and railway bill, cargo receipt etc. for

25、railway transportaion.同海運(yùn)提單相類似的有用于航空運(yùn)輸中的空運(yùn)提單和用于鐵路運(yùn)輸中的鐵路提單、承運(yùn)貨物收據(jù)等。4. In addition the above supply factors, there are also some factors on the demand side encouraging enterprises to make investment abroad.除了以上這些供給方面的因素，還有一些需求方面的因素也促使企業(yè)投資國外。5. Counter trade is implemented because it helps a country to

26、 deal with foreign exchange shortages.進(jìn)行對(duì)銷貿(mào)易有助于應(yīng)對(duì)一個(gè)國家的外匯短缺。Part Two (Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese). In the case of business enterprises, the values exposed to loss are usually much higher, and the premium charged is likely to be substantially higher than that for a house. Even in

27、these circumstances the majority of firms prefer to pay a known cost or premium for the transfer of risk, rather than face the uncertainty of carrying the risk of loss.對(duì)企業(yè)主來說，可能遭受的損失通常要大得多。保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)也比一棟房子高出許多。即便是在這種情況下，大多數(shù)公司寧可付數(shù)量明確的費(fèi)用即保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)來轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，也不愿承擔(dān)不確定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)損失。. International business refers to transactions

28、between parties form different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan.國際商務(wù)活動(dòng)是指不同國家間進(jìn)行的交易活動(dòng)，有時(shí)同一國家內(nèi)不同關(guān)稅區(qū)之間進(jìn)行的商務(wù)活動(dòng)也稱為國際商務(wù)，例如，香港和臺(tái)灣之間的商務(wù)活動(dòng)。3. The second type is the global corporation which operates under an opposite principle from the first type and views the world market as an integrated whole. Power and responsibility are concentrated at the headquarters that manages production and marketing to achieve the economies of scale as mu