實驗交換機與路由器基本配置

1、Computer NetworksComputer Networks計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)實驗計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)實驗試驗：交換機路由器基本配置試驗：交換機路由器基本配置美國會對中興、華為調(diào)查事件美國會對中興、華為調(diào)查事件22012年年2季度交換機路由器市場份額季度交換機路由器市場份額2012年10月，美國眾議院認定華為和中興危害其國家安全，而華為在其后的反駁中指出，華為、中興被認定威脅美國國家安全，正是思科在背后推波助瀾。3交換機路由器基本配置交換機路由器基本配置交換機和路由器的主要接口Cisco命令行配置模式常用命令交換機的主要接口交換機的主要接口RJ-45接口：俗稱水晶頭，屬于雙絞線以太網(wǎng)接口類型。SC光纖接

2、口：在100Base-TX以太網(wǎng)時代就已經(jīng)得到了應(yīng)用。FDDI接口：在光纜上發(fā)送數(shù)字信號的一組協(xié)議，使用雙環(huán)令牌Console接口：用于配置和管理。AUI接口BNC接口45路由器的主要接口路由器的主要接口局域網(wǎng)接口RJ-45接接口口、SC接接口口、AUI接接口口、廣域網(wǎng)接口RJ-45接接口口、AUI接接口口、高速同步串口高速同步串口、異步串口異步串口、ISDN BRI接接口口、路由器配置接口Console接接口口、AUX接接口口7Cisco IOS命令行配置模式命令行配置模式一般用戶模式一般用戶模式特權(quán)模式特權(quán)模式全局配置模式全局配置模式其它配置模式其它配置模式 -端口配置模式端口配置模式 -

3、SETUP模式模式 -RXBOOT模式模式不同模式下可以進行的操作命令不一樣不同模式下可以進行的操作命令不一樣l 對交換機路由器的有限操作對交換機路由器的有限操作l 命令提示符：命令提示符： hostname主要有兩個命令模式提供命令鍵入主要有兩個命令模式提供命令鍵入第一種模式第一種模式:用戶模式用戶模式Cisco IOS Software EXECl 對交換機路由器更深入的操作對交換機路由器更深入的操作l 有配置和監(jiān)視的權(quán)利有配置和監(jiān)視的權(quán)利l 是進入其他模式的前提是進入其他模式的前提l 命令提示符：命令提示符： hostname#第二種模式第二種模式:特權(quán)模式（特權(quán)模式（Enable）9C

4、onsolewg_ro_cwg_ro_cenablewg_ro_c#wg_ro_c#disablewg_ro_cwg_ro_clogoutwg_ro_c con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.Logging into the Router用戶模式用戶模式特權(quán)模式特權(quán)模式10Router User Mode Command Listwg_ro_c?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry atmsig Execute Atm Signalling

5、Commands cd Change current device clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection dir List files on given device disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the inter

6、active help system lat Open a lat connection lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user - More -11wg_ro_c#?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manua

7、l emergency modes setting cd Change current directory clear Reset functions clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also undebug) delete Delete a file dir List files on a fil

8、esystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands erase Erase a filesystem exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system- More -Router Privileged Mode Command List12配置模式的轉(zhuǎn)換配置模式的轉(zhuǎn)換13配置模式命令配置模式

9、命令Router 一般用戶模式RouterenableRouter# 特權(quán)模式Router#config terminalRouter (config)# 全局配置模式Router (config)#int serial 0Router (config-if)# 端口配置模式Router(config)#interface type numberRouter(config-if)#Configuring an Interface type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, asy

10、nc, atm, bri, and tunnel number is used to identify individual interfacesRouter(config-if)#exit Quit from current interface configuration modeRouter(config)#interface type slot/portRouter(config-if)# For modular routersConfiguring a Serial InterfaceEnter global configuration modeRouter(config)#inter

11、face serial 0 Router(config-if)#Router#configure termRouter(config)# Specify interface16Disabling or Enabling an InterfaceRouter#configure termRouter(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown打開接口打開接口Router#configure termRouter(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#shutdown關(guān)閉接口關(guān)

12、閉接口Router#show interface serial 0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.140.4.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:04, output han

13、g never Last clearing of show interface counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max

14、 allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec(output omitted) Verifying Your ChangesRouter#show interfaces serial 1Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Description: 64Kb Line to San Jose : : : : : : : : :Operational. Serial

15、1 is up, line protocol is upConnection problem. Serial1 is up, line protocol is downInterface problem. Serial1 is down, line protocol is downDisabled . Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down Carrier DetectKeepalivesInterpreting Interface Status19查閱信息查閱信息Show 參數(shù)參數(shù)：version、processes、p

16、rotocols、mem、ip route、startup-config、running-config、flash、interfaces Switch IP Address ConfigurationAssigns an address and subnet maskStarts IP processing on a switchSwitch(config)#ip address ip-address subnet-maskSwitch(config)#ip default-gateway ip-addressSpecifies a default gatewayRouter IP Addre

17、ss ConfigurationAssigns an address and subnet maskStarts IP processing on a router interfaceRouter(config-if)#ip address ip-address subnet-mask22172.16.2.1SOStatic Routes172.16.1.0B172.16.2.2NetworkA管理員手工添加路由條目管理員手工添加路由條目BStub NetworkRouter(config)#ip route network mask address | interfacedistance p

18、ermanent Static Route Configuration24Stub Networkip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1172.16.2.1SOStatic Route Example172.16.1.0B172.16.2.2NetworkAB 路由是單向的，反方向也必須配置路由是單向的，反方向也必須配置10.0.0.025Stub Networkip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.2Default Routes172.16.2.1SO172.16.1.0B172.16.2.2NetworkAB10.0.0.026Cisco設(shè)備型號編碼設(shè)備型號編碼1. CISCO 開頭的產(chǎn)品都是路由器；開頭的產(chǎn)品都是路由器；2. RSP 開頭的都是開頭的都是CISCO7500系列產(chǎn)品的引擎；系列產(chǎn)品的引擎；3. VIP 開頭的產(chǎn)品都是開頭的產(chǎn)品都是CISCO 7500系列產(chǎn)品的多功能接口處系列產(chǎn)品的多功能接口處理器模塊；理器模塊；4. PA 開頭的產(chǎn)品都是開頭的產(chǎn)品都是CISCO 7500/7200系列產(chǎn)品的模塊；系列產(chǎn)品的模塊；5. NPE 開頭的都是開頭的都是CISCO7200系列產(chǎn)品的引擎；系列產(chǎn)品的引擎；6. NM 開頭的都是開頭的都是CISCO低端路由器模塊；低端路由器模塊；