ASNT超聲II級基礎(chǔ)理論試卷(答案)

1、上海振華重工（集團）股份有限公司shanghai zhenhua heavy industry co., ltd.超聲ii級基礎(chǔ)理論試卷ut level ii general examination姓名： 答卷時間： 地點：name time location 得分： 評卷人： 時間：marks examiner date1. 超聲波探傷中，最常用的換能器應(yīng)用的原理是： ( b ) a) 磁致伸縮原理 b) 壓電原理 c) 波型轉(zhuǎn)換原理 d) 以上都不是 the transducers most commonly found in ultrasonic search units (probes

2、) used for discontinuity testing utilize: a) magnetostriction principles b) piezoelectric principles c) mode conversion principles d) none of the above2. 下列哪種聲波具有多種不同的波速？ ( d ) a) 縱波 b) 切變波 c) 橫波 d) 蘭姆波 of the following sound wave modes, which one has multiple or varying wave velocities? a) longitud

3、inal waves b) shear waves c) transverse waves d) lamb waves3. 下列哪種情況可應(yīng)用超聲技術(shù)進行檢測？ ( d ) a) 確定材料彈性模量 b) 研究材料冶金組織 c) 測量材料厚度 d) 以上都可以 which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques? a) determination of a material's elastic modulus b) study of a material's meal

4、lurgical structure c) measurement of a material's thickness d) all of the above4. 可在液體中傳播的唯一聲波是： ( b ) a) 切變波 b) 縱波 c) 表面波 d) 瑞利波 the only significant sound wave mode that will travel through a liquid is: a) shear b) longitudinal c) surface d) rayleigh5. 材料的聲阻抗用來： ( c ) a) 確定界面上的折射角 b) 確定材料的聲衰減

5、c) 確定界面上透過和反射聲能的相對數(shù)量 d) 確定材料中聲束擴散角 the acoustic impedance of a material is used to: a) determine the angle of refraction at an interface b) determine the attenuation within the material c) determine the relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at an interface d) determine the b

6、eam spread within the material6. 對試樣進行接觸法斜角探傷時，如果入射角達到第二臨界角，會發(fā)生： ( c ) a) 表面波全反射 b) 切變波45°折射 c) 表面波 d) 以上都不對 when angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second critical angle is reached results in: a) total reflection of a surface wave b) 45° refra

7、ction of the shear wave c) production of a surface wave d) none of the above7. 接觸法探傷中，靠近入射表面的缺陷并不是總能探測出來的，其原因是： ( c ) a) 遠場效應(yīng) b) 衰減 c) 盲區(qū) d) 折射 in contact testing, defects near the entry surface cannot always be detected because of: a) the far-field effect b) attenuation c) the dead zone d) refracti

8、on8. 換能器頻率與晶片厚度有關(guān)，晶片愈?。?( b ) a) 頻率愈低 b) 頻率愈高 c) 頻率無顯著差別 d) 以上都不對 the crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related, the thinner the crystal: a) the lower the frequency b) the higher the frequency c) there is no appreciable affect d) none of the above9. 靠近換能器的聲壓波動區(qū)域的長度主要取決于： ( d ) a) 換能器的頻率

9、 b) 換能器的直徑 c) 換能器電纜的長度 d) a和b the length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is mostly affected by: a) the frequency of the transducer b) the diameter of the transducer c) the length of transducer cable d) both a and b10. 換能器從埋藏深度不同的相同反射體接收的信號差別可能是由哪種原因

10、引起的？ ( d ) a) 材料衰減 b) 聲束擴散 c) 近場效應(yīng) d) 以上都可能 the differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a transducer may be caused by: a) material attenuation b) beam divergence c) near field effects d) all of the above11. 探頭橫向移動時，比探頭尺寸小的缺陷產(chǎn)生的信號振幅發(fā)生起伏的變化。在哪個區(qū)域探

11、傷時可能發(fā)生這種情況？ ( b ) a) 費朗霍夫區(qū) b) 近場區(qū) c) 斯奈爾區(qū) d) 陰影區(qū) it is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating amplitude as the search unit is moved laterally, if testing is being performed in the: a) fraunhofer zone b) near field c) snell field d) shadow zone1

12、2. 液浸探傷時，采用哪種方法可消除探頭近場的影響？ ( c ) a) 提高頻率 b) 使用直徑較大的探頭 c) 采用合適的水距 d) 使用聚焦換能器 in immersion testing, the near field affects of a transducer may be eliminated by: a) increasing transducer frequency b) use of a larger diameter transducer c) using an appropriate water path d) use of a focused transducer13

13、. 圖1中，假定探頭聲束是均勻的，點a和點b分層缺陷反射信號振幅之間存在什么關(guān)系？( c ) a) 相差12db b) 振幅相同 c) 二比一 d) 三比一分層缺陷 laminar reflector in figure 1 shown below, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist between the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at position a and b? a) 12db difference b

14、) equal amplitudes c) 2 to 1 d) 3 to 114. 在均勻的超聲波束的遠場中，聲束中心線上的聲強度： ( b ) a) 最低 b) 最高 c) 在2角度內(nèi)聲強度最高 sin=c/df 式中c為聲速，d為晶片直徑，f為頻率 d) 與中心線的方向無關(guān) in the far field of uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is the beam centerline a) minimum at b) maximum at c) maximum throughout twice the angle(sin=c/ df)

15、 where c is acoustic velocity, d is crystal diameter, and b is frequency at d) not related to orientation of15. 在細長的棒中，如果由于聲束擴散而使聲束到達底面前在試件側(cè)面發(fā)生反射，會發(fā)生什么情況？( c ) a) 一次底面反射前出現(xiàn)許多信號顯示 b) 產(chǎn)生多次表面反射信號 c) 發(fā)生縱波變?yōu)榍凶儾ǖ牟ㄐ娃D(zhuǎn)換 d) 前表面反射降低 which of the following may result on a long narrow rod if the beam divergence

16、results in a reflection from a side of the test piece before the sound wave reaches the back surface? a) multiple indications before the first back reflection b) indications from multiples surface reflections c) conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode d) loss of front surface indications

17、16. 聲束在何處發(fā)生擴散？ ( b ) a) 近場 b) 遠場 c) 晶片上 d) 以上都不是 where does beam divergence occur? a) near field b) far field c) at the crystal d) none of the above17. 在直徑一定的情況下，當晶片頻率提高時，聲束擴散角將： ( a ) a) 減小 b) 不變 c) 增大 d) 通過每個波長變化 as frequency increase in ultrasonic testing, the angle of beam divergence of a given

18、diameter crystal a) decreases b) remains unchanged c) increases d) varies uniformly through each wavelength 18. 頻率超出人耳聽覺范圍的聲波叫做超聲波或超聲振動，其頻率大約高于： ( a ) a) 20000hz b) 2mhz c) 2khz d) 200khz sound waves of a frequency beyond the hearing range of the human ear are referred to as ultrasonic waves vibrati

19、ons, and the term embraces all vibration waves of frequency greater than approximately: a) 20000hz b) 2mhz c) 2khz d) 200khz19. 聲波速度主要取決于： ( c ) a) 脈沖長度 b) 頻率 c) 傳聲材料和振動方式 d) 以上都不是 the velocity of sound waves primarily depend on: a) the pulse length b) the frequency c) the material in which the soun

20、d is being transmitted and mode of vibration d) none of the above20. 如果一個接觸法斜探頭在鋼中產(chǎn)生45°切變波，該探頭在鋁中產(chǎn)生的切變波角度為（已知vs鋼=0.323cm/微秒） ( a ) a) 小于45° b) 大于45° c) 45° d) 還需要其它數(shù)據(jù)才能確定 if a contact angle beam transducer produces a 45°shear wave in steel, the angle produced by the same tra

21、nsducer in an aluminum specimen would be: a) less than 45° b) greater than 45° c) 45° d) more information required21. 位于何處的缺陷對瑞利波影響最大？ ( c ) a) 表面下一個波長處 b) 表面下6個波長處 c) 接近表面或表面上 d) 表面下8個波長處 rayleigh waves are influenced most by defects located: a) one wavelength below the surface b) si

22、x wavelengths below the surface c) close to or on the surface d) eight wavelengths below the surface22. 水中聲速與鋁或鋼中的聲速之比約為： ( a ) a) 1:4 b) 1:2 c) 1:8 d) 1:3 the ratio of the velocity of sound in water compared to that for aluminum or steel is approximately: a) 1:4 b) 1:2 c) 1:8 d) 1:323. 下列哪種掃描方法可歸類為

23、液浸試驗法？ ( d ) a) 探頭和工件均浸于槽中 b) 聲波通過噴射的水柱發(fā)射到工件中 c) 將換能器置于充水輪胎內(nèi)的輪式探頭掃描方法 d) 以上都是 which of the following scanning methods could be classified as an immersion type test? a) the search unit and text piece are immersed in the tank b) squirter bubbler method in which the sound is transmitted in a column of

24、flowing water c) scanning with a wheel -type search unit with the transducer inside a liquid filled tire d) all of the above24. 探頭中壓電材料的作用是： ( c ) a) 將電能轉(zhuǎn)換為機械能 b) 將機械能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能 c) a和b d) 既不是a,也不是b the piezoelectric material in the search unit: a) converts electrical energy to mechanical energy b) conver

25、ts mechanical energy to electrical energy c) both a and b d) neither a nor b25. 計算金屬中縱波和切變波折射角應(yīng)使用什么定律？ ( b ) a) 泊松比定律 b) 斯奈爾定律 c) 費朗霍夫定律 d) 查爾斯定律 what law can be used to calculate the angle of refraction within a metal for both longitudinal and shear waves? a) poisson's ratio law b) snell's

26、law c) fraunhofer's law d) charles' law26. 在兩種不同材料的界面上，聲阻抗差會引起： ( c ) a) 入射能量在界面上全部反射 b) 聲波被吸收 c) 聲能分為透過波和反射波兩部分 d) 以上都不對 at an interface between two different materials, an impedance difference results in: a) reflection of the entire incident energy at the interface b) absorption of sound c

27、) division of sound energy into transmitted and reflected modes d) none of the above27. 換能器直徑減小時，聲束擴散角： ( c ) a) 減小 b) 不變 c) 增大 d) 變?yōu)閳A錐形的 as transducer diameter decreases, the beam spread: a) decreases b) remains the same c) increases d) becomes conical in shape28. 發(fā)生90°折射縱波的聲束入射角叫做： ( b ) a) 入

28、射角 b) 第一臨界角 c) 最大反射角 d) 第二臨界角 the angle at which 90°refraction of a longitudinal sound wave is reached is called: a) the angle of incidence b) the first critical angle c) the angle of maximum reflection d) the second critical angle29. 金屬零件中的粗大晶粒通常會引起： ( d ) a) 底面反射降低或消失 b) 較高的“雜波”或噪聲顯示 c) 穿透力降低

29、 d) 以上都是 large grains in a metallic test specimen usually result in: a) decrease or loss of back surface reflection b) large "hash" or noise indications c) decrease in penetration d) all of the above30. 在整個材料中發(fā)生的能量的總損耗稱為： ( a ) a) 衰減 b) 散射 c) 聲束擴散 d) 界面 the total energy losses occurring in

30、 all materials is called: a) attenuation b) scatter c) beam spread d) interface31. 當入射角選在第一臨界角和第二臨界角之間時，在零件中發(fā)生的超聲波是： ( b ) a) 縱波 b) 橫波 c) 表面波 d) 蘭姆波 when the incident angle is chosen to be between the first and second critical angles, the ultrasonic wave generated within the part will be: a) longitu

31、dinal b) shear c) surface d) lamb32. 使橫波折射角等于90°的聲波入射角叫做： ( b ) a) 第一臨界角 b) 第二臨界角 c) 第三臨界角 d) 反射角 the angle at which 90° refraction of the shear wave mode occurs is called the: a) first critical angle b) second critical angle c) third critical angle d) angle of reflection33. 鋼件水浸探傷時，超聲波入射角

32、為14°，鋼件中的橫波折射角為多大？ ( c )（已知vs=3.2×105cm/秒，vw=1.5×105cm/秒） a) 45° b) 23° c) 31° d) 13° in a water immersion test, ultrasonic energy is transmitted into steel at an incident angle of 14°. what is the angle of the refracted shear wave within the material? a) 45&#

33、176; b) 23° c) 31° d) 13°34. 為了在鋁件中產(chǎn)生瑞利波，設(shè)計塑料楔塊時，超聲入射角應(yīng)為多大？（已知：va=3.1 ×105cm/秒，v=2.6×105cm/秒，可使用三角函數(shù)表） ( b ) a) 37° b) 57° c) 75° d) 45° if you were requested to design a plastic shoe to generate a rayleigh wave in aluminum, what would be the incident ang

34、le of the ultrasonic sound? va=3.1×105/sec vp=2.6×105/sec a) 37° b) 57° c) 75° d) 45°35. 計算1mhz超聲波在鉛中的波長（已知vl=2.1×105cm/秒，v=f） ( a ) a) 0.21cm b) 21cm c) 0.48cm d) 4.8×10-5cm compute the wavelength of ultrasonic energy in lead at 1 mhz (vl=2.1×105cm/sec，v

35、=f) a) 0.21cm b) 21cm c) 0.48cm d) 4.8×10-5cm36. 超聲波從一種介質(zhì)進入速度不同的另一種介質(zhì)后， 聲束與過入射點而垂直于兩種介質(zhì)界面的垂線之間所成的角叫做： ( b ) a) 入射角 b) 折射角 c) 膨脹角 d) 反射角 the angle formed by an ultrasonic wave as it enters a medium of different velocity than the one from which it came and a line drawn perpendicular to the interf

36、ace between the two media is called: a) the angle of incidence b) the angle of refraction c) the angle of rarefaction d) the angle of reflection37. 同種波型的聲波，反射角： ( a ) a) 等于入射角 b) 取決于使用的耦合劑 c) 取決于使用的頻率 d) 等于折射角 the angle of reflection is: a) equal to the angle of incidence b) dependent on the couplan

37、t used c) dependent on the frequency used d) equal to the angle of refraction38. 持續(xù)時間很短的沖擊電能叫做： ( d ) a) 連續(xù)波 b) 直流峰值電壓 c) 超聲波 d) 脈沖 a short burst of alternation electrical energy is called: a) a continuous wave b) a peaked dc voltage c) an ultrasonic wave d) a pulse39. 超聲試驗中，發(fā)射脈沖的持續(xù)時間叫做： ( a ) a) 脈沖

38、長度或脈沖寬度 b) 脈沖振幅 c) 脈沖形狀 d) 以上都不是 in ultrasonic testing ,the time duration of the transmitted is referred to as: a) the pulse length or pulse width b) the pulse amplitude c) the pulse shape d) none of the above40. 聲波碰到界面時在原介質(zhì)中改變傳播方向的現(xiàn)象叫做： ( d ) a) 發(fā)散 b) 阻抗 c) 角度調(diào)整 d) 反射 the phenomenon by which a wave

39、 strikes a boundary and changes the direction of its propagation within the same medium is referred to as: a) divergence b) impedance c) angulation d) reflection41. 在頻率一定和材料相同的情況下，下列哪種波的波長最短？ ( d ) a) 縱波 b) 壓縮波 c) 切變波 d) 表面波 which of the following modes of vibration exhibits the shortest wavelength

40、at a given frequency and in a given material? a) longitudinal wave b) compression wave c) shear wave d) surface wave42. 一般說來，在頻率一定和材料相同的情況下，切變波對小缺陷的靈敏度比縱波高。這是因為：( a ) a) 切變波的波長比縱波波長短 b) 切變波在材料中不易發(fā)生頻散 c) 切變波的質(zhì)點振動方向?qū)θ毕荼容^敏感 d) 切變波的波長比縱波波長長 in general, shear waves are more sensitive to small discontinui

41、ties than longitudinal waves for a given frequency and in a given material because: a) the wavelength of shear waves is shorter than the wavelength of longitudinal waves. b) shear waves are not as easily dispersed in the material. c) the direction of particle vibration for shear waves is more sensit

42、ive to discontinuities. d) the wavelength of shear waves is longer than the wavelength of longitudinal waves.43. 在頻率相同的情況下，下列哪種波在粗晶材料中的穿透力最大？ ( a ) a) 縱波 b) 切變波 c) 橫波 d) 以上波都相同 in general, which of the following modes of vibration would have the greatest penetrating power in a coarse-grained materia

43、l if the frequency of the waves are the same? a) longitudinal b) shear c) transverse d) all of the above modes would have the same penetrating power44. 使晶片平行于被檢材料表面，聲束垂直于材料表面進入材料的探傷方法叫做： ( a ) a) 垂直探傷 b) 斜角探傷 c) 表面波探傷 d) 以上都不是 a testing technique in which the crystal or transducer is parallel to the

44、 test surface and ultrasinic waves enter the material being testing in a direction perpendicular to the test surface is: a) straight beam testing b) angle beam testing c) surface wave testing d) none of the above45. 公式 稱為 ( d ) a) 聲阻抗比公式 b) 相位轉(zhuǎn)換公式 c) 菲涅爾區(qū)公式 d) 斯奈爾定律 the formula sin1 / v1=sin2 / v2 is referred to as: a) the acoustical i