鏈路捆綁與STP

1、Switch#config terminal/ 進入全局配置模式實驗五鏈路捆綁與STP1. 組網需求：采用兩臺核心交換機組網來提高網絡可靠性，為防止二 層環(huán)路，需要全網運行STP將SW1部署為根網橋，SW2部署為備 份根網橋，并將接入 PC的接口配置為portfast 端口； SW1-SW2之間使用鏈路捆綁進一步提高可靠性。2. 分析STP的選舉過程（根網橋、跟端口、指定端口、阻塞端口）3. 測試STP切換，并分析STP的端口狀態(tài)切換過程。二. 實驗拓撲8 VLAN0008 activeSMI：STP帳網橋Int vlan 8192.1C8.&12 9/25Int vlari 1019

2、2.1B8.10.V24-ilnt vlan ii192.l6S.11JmFaQ/1 FaO/1FaOTr(jnh FaO/2Fa03FaO/38W2：STP備階根網村Int vlan 9192.1 B8.8.130/25Trun kTrunkFaOH Fa0/2FaQyiGVlan 10PC1Vlan 11IP ：192.168J0J00/24 GW：192,10<JX1IP ：19Z168.1D.100mGW：192.168.10.1三. 實驗步驟1. 基本信息配置SW2、SW3的基本配置與 SW1相同）SW1的基本信息配置Switch(config)#hostname SW3/ 配

3、置主機名/ 禁用域名查找SW3(config)#no ip domain-lookupSW3(config)#line console 0/ 進入 Console 線路模式synchronous / 配置 Console 信SW3(config-line)#logging息顯示自動換行SW3(config-line)#no login/ 配置口 Console 登錄不認證SW3(config-line)#privilege level 15SW3(config-line)#line vty 0 4/ 進入 Vty 線路模式SW3(config-line)#no login / 配置 Telne

4、t 登錄不認證 SW3(config-line)#privilege level 15 / 配置為最高特權級別，enable 不需要密碼2. 二層網絡全局配置(1 )SW1 的 Vlan 配置SW1# vlan databaseSW1(vlan)#vtp transparent / 透明模式SW1(vlan)#vlan 8SW1(vlan)#vlan 10SW1(vlan)#vlan 11SW1#show vlan-sw briefPortsVLAN Name Status10 VLAN0010active /Vlan 創(chuàng)建成功11 VLAN0011 active(2) SW2 的 Vlan

5、配置SW2# vlan databaseSW2(vlan)#vtp transparentSW2(vlan)#vlan 8SW2(vlan)#vlan 10SW2(vlan)#vlan 11VLANNameStatusPorts8VLAN0008active10VLAN0010active11VLAN0011active/ 查看 Vlan 信息SW2#show vlan-sw brief(3 )SW3 的 Vlan 配置SW3# vlan databaseSW3(vlan)#vtp transparentSW3(vlan)#vlan 8SW3(vlan)#vlan 10SW3(vlan)#vl

6、an 11/ 查看 Vlan 信息SW3#show vlan-sw brief8 VLAN0008 activeVLAN NameStatus Ports10VLAN0010active/Vlan 創(chuàng)建成功11 VLAN0011 active(4 )STP 根網橋配置SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 8 priority 0SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 11 priority 0 (5 )STP 備份根網橋配置SW2(config)#spannin

7、g-tree vlan 8 priority 4096SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 11 priority 40963. 二層網絡接口配置及鏈路測試(1 )核心交換機 SW1-SW2 鏈路捆綁配置及調測SW1(config)#interface range fa0/1 -2 / 以太網接口 1 和 2 ， 注意 1 后面要空格SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW1(config-if-ra

8、nge)#switchport mode trunkSW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode on / 手動捆 綁：組 2SW2(config)#interface range fa0/1 -2 / 以太網接口 1 和 2 ， 注意 1 后面要空格trunk encapsulationSW2(config-if-range)#switchport dot1qSW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk SW

9、2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk allowed vlan all SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode on / 手動捆 綁：組 2SW1#show etherchannel summary / 查看以太網通道信息Flags: D - downP - in port-channel I - stand-alone s -suspendeR - Layer3S - Layer2U - in useGroup Port-channel Ports + 2 Po2(SU) Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) SW2

10、#show etherchannel summary / 查看以太網通道信息 Flags: D - downP - in port-channel I - stand-alone s -suspendeR - Layer3S - Layer2U - in useGroup Port-channel Ports + 2 Po2(SU) Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) (2 )SW1-SW3 的 Trunk 鏈路調測SW1(config)#interface fa0/3SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q SW1(config-

11、if)#switchport mode trunkSW1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW1#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息(只粘貼本步 有用信息)Port Mode Encapsulation StatusNative vlanFa0/3 on 802.1q trunking1SW3(config)#interface fa0/1SW3(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW3(config-if)#switchport mode t

12、runkSW3(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW3#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息(只粘貼本步 有用信息)Port Mode Encapsulation StatusNative vlanFa0/1 on 802.1q trunking1(3 )SW2-SW3 的 Trunk 鏈路調測SW2(config)#interface fa0/3SW2(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW2(config-if)#switchport mod

13、e trunkSW2(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW2#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息Port Mode Encapsulation StatusNative vlanFa0/3 on 802.1q trunking1SW3(config)#interface fa0/2SW3(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW3(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSW3(config-if)#switchport

14、trunk allowed vlan allSW3#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan Fa0/2 on 802.1q trunking 1 (4 )SW3 的 Access 接口配置SW3(config)#interface fa0/10 / 與 PC1 相連的接口 SW3(config-if)#switchport mode accessSW3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10SW3(config-if)#spanning-tree

15、 portfast / 配置成 Portfast 端 口SW3(config-if)#exitSW3(config)#interface fa0/11 / 與 PC1 相連的接口SW3(config-if)#switchport mode accessSW3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11SW3(config-if)#spanning-tree口portfast / 配置成 Portfast 端SW3#show vlan-sw briefVLAN Name10 VLAN0010/ 查看 Vlan 信息Status Ports activeFa0/101

16、1VLAN0010activeFa0/11（5）二層設備網管地址配置/ 為 SW2 配置網管接口SW2(config)#interface vlan 8SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.8.130 255.255.255.128SW2(config-if)#no shutdownSW2(config-if)#exitSW2(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.8.129/ 為 SW3 配置網管接口SW3(config)#interface vlan 8SW3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.8.13

17、1 255.255.255.128SW3(config-if)#no shutdownSW3(config-if)#exitSW3(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.8.129(6 )二層網絡 STP 調測SW1#show spanning-tree brief/ 查看生成樹簡要信息VLAN8Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID Priority 0Hello TimeAddress cc00.0ed8.0001 This bridge is the root2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forwa

18、rd Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority0Addresscc00.0ed8.0001Forward Delay 15Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 secsecAgi ng Time 0In terfaceDesig natedNamePortIDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernet0/3128.412819FWDDesgPort-cha nn el2129.6512812FWDDesg/都為指定端口，轉發(fā)狀態(tài)VLAN10Spanning tree en abled protocol ieeeRoot ID Priority

19、0Address cc00.0ed8.0002This bridge is the rootsecHello Time2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15Addresscc00.0ed8.0002Bridge IDPriority0Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15secAgi ng Time 0In terfaceDesig natedNamePortIDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernetO/3128.412819FWDDesgPort-cha nn el2129.651281

20、2FWDDesg/都為指定端口，轉發(fā)狀態(tài)Via n110 0 0 0 0 0SW2#show spa nnin g-tree briefVLAN8Spanning tree en abled protocol ieeeRoot IDPriority0Addresscc00.0ed8.0001Cost12Port321 (Port-cha nn el2)Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secBridge ID Priority4096Addresscc2.0ed8.00012 sec Max Age 20 secForward Dela

21、y 15secHello TimeIn terfaceAgi ng Time 0NamePort IDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernet0/3128.412819FWDDesgPort-cha nn el2129.6512812FWDRootDesig natedFa0/3 為指定端口，Po2為跟端口，都為轉發(fā)狀態(tài)Vian 10、Vian 110 0 0 0 0 0 0SW3#show spa nnin g-tree briefVLAN8Spanning tree en abled protocol ieeeRoot IDPriority0Addresscc00.0ed8.

22、0001Cost19Port2 (FastEthernet0/1)Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secBridge ID Priority4096Addresscc3.0ed8.0001Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15secAgi ng Time 0In terfaceDesig natedNamePortIDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernet0/1128.212819FWDRootFastEthernet0/2128.312819BLKAltnFa

23、0/1 為根端口，轉發(fā)狀態(tài)；Fa0/2為其他端口，阻塞狀態(tài)VLAN10Spanning tree en abled protocol ieeeRoot IDPriority0Addresscc00.0ed8.0002Cost19Port2 (FastEthernet0/1)Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secBridge IDPriority4096Addresscc02.0ed8.0002Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15secAgi ng Time 0NamePortI

24、DPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernetO/1128.212819FWDRootFastEthernetO/2128.312819BLKAltnFastEthernetO/1O128.1112819FWDDesgIn terfaceDesig natedFaO/1為根端口，轉發(fā)狀態(tài)；Fa0/2為其他端口，阻塞狀態(tài)；FaO/1O為指定端口，轉發(fā)狀態(tài)。Vla nil0 0 0 0 0 04. 三層網絡接口配置SW1(config)#ip routing/啟動三層交換機的路由SW1(co nfig)#i nterface vlan 8/Vla n 8的路由點SW1(config-if

25、)#ip address 192.1688129 255.255.255.128SW1(co nfig-if)# no shutdow nSW1(co nfig-if)#exitSW1(co nfig)#i nterface vlan 10/Vla n 10 的路由點SW1(con fig-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0SW1(co nfig-if)# no shutdow n/Vla n 11的路由點SW1(co nfig-if)#exitSW1(co nfig)#i nterface vlan 11SW1(co nfig-if)#ip a

26、ddress 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0SW1(co nfig-if)# no shutdow nSW1(co nfig-if)#exit5.STP切換測試SW3(co nfig)#i nterface fa0/1SW3(co nfig-if)#shutdow nSW3(co nfig-if)#e ndSW3#show spa nnin g-tree briefVLAN8NamePort IDPrioCostStsFastEthernet0/2128.312819FWD / 由 Blk到FWDVLAN10NamePort IDPrioCostStsFastEthern

27、et0/2128.312819FWD / 由 Blk 到FWDFastEthernet0/10128.1112819FWDVLAN11NamePort IDPrioCostStsFastEthernet0/2128.312819FWD / 由 Blk 到FWDFastEthernet0/11128.1212819FWDFaO/1shutdown之前，F(xiàn)aO/2 通過STP協(xié)議劃為阻塞端口,shutdown后，由于配置了 spanning-tree potrfast 命令，F(xiàn)a0/2繞過監(jiān)聽、學習直接進入轉發(fā)狀態(tài)。四. 實驗測試1.Fa0/2為阻塞狀態(tài)時，數(shù)據流只從 FaO/1進出，不經過FaO

28、/2物理接口。Fa0/1shutdown后，F(xiàn)a0/2進入轉發(fā)狀態(tài)，數(shù)據流從Fa0/2進出。（以PC1PingPC2 為例）/Fa0/2 為阻塞端口時，PC1ping 通PC2，數(shù)據流經過Fa0/1端MFCS 11?2.1G8-1L-100000 ms tirH=22.008 ns time"22.000 mstL92.1£S . 11.13B icnp_seq(=L192.168.11.10Q icnpseq|=2 a92,169.11.100 icnp_seq-3192.18.11.108k92.ies.11.100lcrip_Seq=4 tinte =10_009 m

29、sicrip_5e(M=5 time =13P000 nspPCS 1 >pina 1?2.168_11_100 icrtil_se(i=l icnip_3e(i=2 icr>P_seqr=3 icmpse(i=4 icnip_se(i=5192.168.11.138192.169.11,190192.168.11.1001?2,168.11.100192-168.11.100time =15.000 time=14-000 time=21.000msmsmstime=15_0®0 ms time=16.000 me/Fa0/1shutdown后，PC2在一段時間內，出現(xiàn)丟包現(xiàn)象（這段 時間判斷Fa0/1端口是否Down，然后作出相應的決策，使 Fa0/2進入轉發(fā)狀態(tài)）UPCS 1 >pln3 1?2-168.11_.100192.16S.11.1B0192.169.11.190i?2L31丄丄00icr>p_seqi=i tint out icnp_seq=2 t i_Fieout lcnp_&eq=3 tineout £cnp_s：eq=4 tineout ioiip一昏c=h=5 tUPGS 1 >piD9 1?2丄&81丄1001?2 直:L 139L?216EL1100 1?2-1