八年級(jí)英語下冊知識(shí)點(diǎn)及重難點(diǎn)總結(jié)與歸納外研版

1、學(xué)問點(diǎn)及重難點(diǎn)的總結(jié)與歸納module 1語法：系動(dòng)詞: 一是 be: am ,is ,are ,been ,was ,were,一覺得 feel,一似乎 seem, 一保持keep ,三變化 turn, become, get ,四起來 smell, sound ,look ,taste,后跟形容詞 .學(xué)問點(diǎn)：1. would like =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth .想要做某事would like sb. to do sth .=want sb. to do sth想要某人做某事would you like .其后用 some 不用

2、 any .句子 :would you like to do sth . 確定回答 :yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./yes ,id like to./yes ,id love to否定回答 :no, thanks ./sorry ,im afraid i cant .2. try to do sth .盡力做某事 ; 試圖做某事 ; 設(shè)法做某事 , 但不肯定勝利. 否定式 :try not to do sth.try doing sth .試著做某事 , 看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么情形. have a try試一試外研版八年級(jí)下冊英語3.a bit與 a little 1兩者修

3、飾動(dòng)詞 , 形容詞 , 副詞或比較級(jí) , 2a little可以直接修飾不行數(shù)名詞, 相當(dāng)于 a bit of4. have a try試試看 , have a look看一看 have a headache頭疼 have a rest休息have a meeting開會(huì) have a good time玩得開心have a fever發(fā)燒5. lots of =a lot of很多 , 大量 , 常用于確定句中. 既可修飾可數(shù)相當(dāng)于many ,又可修飾不行數(shù),相當(dāng)于 much . a lot相當(dāng)于 very m uch ,多與動(dòng)詞連用 , 修飾形容詞 , 副詞的比較級(jí) .6. 提出建議 :1

4、let s do sth.讓我們做吧. 2how about /what about doing sth .做. 怎么樣3why not do sth .為什么不. 4would you like to do.你情愿做. 嗎. 5shall we do.我們做好嗎 . 6you d betternot do .你最好 不 做某事 .7. thanks for sth. =thank you for sth.因而感謝 . 后 v+ing . thanks to幸虧 , 由于 , 歸功于 .8. leave a message留個(gè)口信 , take/have a message for sb.給某

5、人帶個(gè)口信.9. hear from sb.=get /receive a letter from sb .收到的來信hear about /of得悉 , 聽說hear out聽完 hear to同意10. can t wait to do sth .迫不及待做某事wait for等候, 后接等待的對(duì)象, 名詞或代詞wait to do sth .等著做某事11. 三到達(dá) :arrive at 小地方 ,arrive in 大地方 ,get to =reach留意 : 跟 home ,here ,there等副詞時(shí) , 不加介詞 .12. quite相當(dāng) , 很, 相當(dāng)于 very, 區(qū)分 ,

6、 quite a ./ quite an .而 very只能放在a /an后13. with有, 帶有 ;和一起 ;使用等 . 反義詞 without14. lovely:令人開心的，可愛的修飾人或物a lovely afternoon / girllively:活潑的，生動(dòng)的a lively lesson:一堂生動(dòng)的課16. 四個(gè)花費(fèi) : take: it takes sb. some time to do sth. /it took sb .some time to do sth .spend : sb. spend some time/ money on sth sb. spend so

7、me time/ money in doing sth. pay: sb. pay some money for sth.cost : sth cost sb .some money .17. 四個(gè)也 :as well確定 , 句末 , 不用逗號(hào)too,確定 , 句末 , 逗號(hào)可有可無.either:否定句末 , also ,確定句中 , 行前 be 后.18. proud .adj. be proud of為而感到驕傲be proud to do sth .做某事很驕傲. pride. n. take pride in. 為感到驕傲 ; the pride of. 的驕傲.19. how d

8、o you feel about.對(duì)感覺如何.與 how do you like.20. at first起初 , 開頭 , 常位于句首或句末, 反義詞 .at last最終 , 最終first of all ,第一 , 用作插入語 , 說明次序 , 后接 next ,then , at first ,指剛開頭做某事的時(shí)候,示意后來的情形有所轉(zhuǎn)變.21. few /a few修飾可數(shù)名詞,little /a little修飾不行數(shù)名詞, 有 a 表示有 , 沒有 a 表示沒有 .22. way的短語 :in this way用這種方式 , in the right way用正確的方法, the

9、 way of做. 的方式on the way to在去的路上by the way順便說一下 .23. be afraid of可怕 , 后接名詞 , 代詞或動(dòng)名詞be afraid to do sth .可怕做某事24. each other相互 25.be nervous about對(duì)感到緊急26. 問外貌 :what+do/does /did +主語 +look like .問性格 :what +be +主語 +like .27. be friendly to sb.對(duì)某人友好 - 28.be good at =do well in善于 , 后跟 doing sth .或名詞； 29.s

10、hake hands with sb.與某人握手30.be good for對(duì)有好處 ,反義 :be bad for .對(duì). 有害 31.help sb. with sth .在某方面幫忙某人, help sb do sth .幫忙某人做某事32.make a lot of noise =make much noise發(fā)出很多噪音書面表達(dá)寫一篇文章介紹你的網(wǎng)友，內(nèi)容包括：1.來自于澳大利亞的悉尼；2.年齡： 15 歲； 3.外貌：很瘦；眼睛很大；頭發(fā)長且卷曲；4.性格：很友好；很外向；5.愛 好：讀書、上網(wǎng)與伴侶談天；留意：詞數(shù)70 左右；i have a net friend. she is

11、 from sydney, australia. the girl is fifteen years old. she is thin with two big eyes. she has long fair hair. she is friendly and outgoing. she alwayshas a big smileon her face.she likesreadingand chattingon theinternetwithher friends. she saidthatreadingmade hergrow up as a person.i feelveryhappy

12、when ichatwithher. i like my net friend very much. i hope i can go to sydney to see her one day.module 2語法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，或連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作；常用詞語already, yet ,ever ,never, just ,before, for + some time ,since，1. 表示某人的經(jīng)受以及過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或結(jié)果，常與recently, ever, never, already, yet ,just, befo

13、re連用；2. 表示發(fā)生在過去并且始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for+ 時(shí)間段或since+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用；結(jié)構(gòu)： havehas+ 過去分詞，動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞在末尾加ed 規(guī)章是 :1. 直接加 ed ; 2.以 e 結(jié)尾的 , 加 e ; 3.以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的 , 變 y 為 i ,再加 ed ;4. 重讀 , 末尾輔元輔 , 雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母, 再加 ed ; 5, 不規(guī)章變化學(xué)問點(diǎn)： 1.enter參與 , 加入 ; 進(jìn)入 , 相當(dāng)于 join或 go into 2 .maybe=perhaps大致 , 或許 . 放句首 .3. win ,后接 war ,match ,g

14、ame; beat打敗 , 擊敗 , 后跟人 .打敗某人 , 贏得競賽4. ever用于疑問句時(shí) , 其答語假如表示否定, 用 never回答 .5. before以前 .從過去起的如干時(shí)間以前,距過去某時(shí)以前, 常和完成時(shí)連用ago , 從現(xiàn)在起的如干時(shí)間以前跟今以前 , 常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)中6. go on a holiday .去度假 , 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作 . be on a holiday也表示去度假, 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) . 7.afford買得起 , 付得起 , 常與 can ,could ,be able to連用 .8.stop doing sth.停止做某事 正在做的事不做了. 不做 .stop

15、to do sth .停下來 正在做的事 去做某事 另一件事 要做 9.what a pity /thats a pity .多遺憾啊.10. think of想起 , 起出 , 認(rèn)為 think about摸索 , 考慮兩者區(qū)分 :1 當(dāng)表示”想起, 想出”時(shí) , 兩者可以互換2 當(dāng) thinkof表示”認(rèn)為”時(shí),不能用 think about3 當(dāng) think about表示”摸索 , 討論”時(shí) , 不能用 think of .11. thanks for = thank you for+名詞或動(dòng)詞ing因而感謝你thank you for helping me.13. invite sb

16、. to do sth.邀請某人做某事invite sb. to someplace邀請某人去某地.14. at the moment此刻 , 現(xiàn)在 , 常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用.at that moment在那時(shí) , 常與一般過去時(shí)連用 .15. one of +形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù) , 最的之一 , 動(dòng)詞用三單形式. 16.send sth .to do sth =send sb. sth把某物寄給某人.17. 5. the +姓氏 s :一家人，夫婦,18. 1 ）have been to some place去過某地 已回 ,后接 once ,twice ,three ,tim

17、es等表次數(shù)的詞 短語 也可與 just ,never ,ever ,連用 , 但不能與時(shí)間連用2） have gone to到某地去了 , 去了未回 .3） have been in已經(jīng)在某地待了多長時(shí)間, 常與一段時(shí)間連用.19. on ,in at時(shí)間表達(dá)的用法:on用于具休的某一天, 及對(duì)早中晚進(jìn)行了修飾后也用on ;in用于年月季節(jié), 一段時(shí)間 , 以及單獨(dú)的早中晚, 如:in the morning ,in the afternoon ,in the evening ,at用于詳細(xì)的時(shí)刻, 幾點(diǎn) , 及一些固定搭配.20. ancient ,古老的 , 古代的 ,反義詞 :mode

18、rn ,現(xiàn)在的 , 當(dāng)代的21. be different from ,與不同 ,其反義 :the same as .與一樣 .22. find it +形容詞 to do sth.發(fā)覺做某事是的.23. mix up混淆 , 拌和 , 調(diào)和 mix with和. 混合24. ask sb. to do sth .要求某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth .要求某人不做某事25. ask sb. about sth .詢問某人關(guān)于某事ask sb. for sth .向某人要某物ask for help尋求幫忙 26.count down倒數(shù) , 倒計(jì)時(shí)27. sth happ

19、ened to sb .某人發(fā)生了某事. sb. happen to do sth .碰巧做某事28. all over the world遍及世界 29.around the world整個(gè)世界 30.the rest of ones life某人的余生. 31.good luck好運(yùn) 32.make up制造，編造33.at the moment目前，現(xiàn)在34. so far到目前為止，與現(xiàn)在完成連時(shí)35. have a wonderful time=have a good time ,=enjoy oneself =have fun玩得興奮36. what s more而且37.from

20、to從, 到38.the lack of缺乏, 39.around the world =all over the world全世界40. 交通方式的表達(dá):1take the +表示交通工具的名詞, 放句中 , 充當(dāng)謂語 .2by + 表示交通工具的名詞,by sea /by water/by ship水路 by air /by plane乘飛機(jī)3) on /in +限定詞 +交通工具 .,on the bike ,in the car.4) 動(dòng)詞 +to + 地點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞 :walk ,ride ,drive ,fly后接 to接地點(diǎn) .話題寫作：請你介紹一下游玩北京的經(jīng)受，內(nèi)容如下：1. 北京

21、在中國的北方，每年有很多人到北京旅行；2. 來過北京兩次，跑遍了北京城；3. 爬過長城，到過頤和園the summer palace和故宮 the palace museum;4. 拍下了很多照片，與外國人用英語交談過；beijingisinthe northof china. there aremany places of interestthere. a lot ofpeople come to visitbeijing every year. i have been to beijing twice. i have traveled around beijing. i haveclimb

22、edthegreatwall.i have visitedthesummerpalaceand thepalace museum. ihave also had conversation with foreigners and i have taken lots of photos. it was an interestingexperience. i had a good time there. but i havent seen the beijing opera. its a pity.i hope i can visit it again one day. module 3.1.no

23、problem沒問題 2.the lastest news最新的消息3.in order to為了 4.search for查找，搜尋5.hunderds of成百的 6. a small part of一小部分7.none ,既可指人，又可指物, 用于三者或三者以上，常用于回答以how many /how much ,none of沒有一個(gè)， no one只指人 . 不與 of連用 . 用于回答who 開頭的問句 .7. 8.take a photo of =take photos of =take pictures of =take a pictures9. so, 與 such 的用法

24、:1) 當(dāng)修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí), 用” such+a/an+ 形容詞+名詞. ”或” so + 形容詞+a/an+ 名詞. ”2) 當(dāng)這些可數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞前有many ,much ,few ,little表示少 修飾時(shí) , 就用 so .如:so many people ,so much money10. in space在太空中 , in the sky在天空中 . e back回來 12.look for查找13.as .as像 . 一樣 14.decide to do sth .打算做某事15.be named after以.名字命名16.take after與相像 .17.be up

25、 to正在做某事 , 忙于做某事what are you up to .=what are you doing . 18.be up to sb.由 . 打算 , 由負(fù)責(zé)19.yet副詞 , 仍, 尚, 用于否定和疑問句句末;already ,已經(jīng) , 常用于確定句中或句末. 20.that s why, 這就是. 的緣由 , 后接結(jié)果 .that s because ,后接緣由21.on the news在新聞上 22.on a newspaper表示 某物 在報(bào)紙上 23.in a newspaper在報(bào)紙里 的內(nèi)容 .24. discover指發(fā)覺原先已有但不為人知的事物;invent

26、,創(chuàng)造 , 即制造出前所未有的東西 find out查出真相 , 原理等 , 也可用于查看地時(shí)刻表等;find ,找到 , 發(fā)覺 , 指查找的結(jié)果 look for查找 , 側(cè)重指查找的動(dòng)作和過程.25. the noon月亮 ,the +世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物名詞. 26,in order to為了 , 表示目的 ,27. message ,口頭傳遞的或書寫的消息, 可數(shù)名詞, news ,通過新聞媒體發(fā)布的消息, 不行數(shù) ,information,指在閱讀 , 談話中特殊關(guān)注的消息, 情報(bào) , 資料等 , 不行數(shù) .28. hundred,thousand,million,billion只有

27、和 of一起時(shí) , 才加 s, 跟了數(shù)字 , 不加 s.30. none 代詞 , 沒有一個(gè) , 沒有一人 , 一點(diǎn)兒也沒有. 通常用于三者或三者以上, 既可指人也可指物, 可與 of連用 , 可回答 how many ; no one只能指人 , 不能與 of連用 ., 可回答 who .31. 三到達(dá) :get to =arrive in 大地方 /at 小地方 =reach跟地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)不用介詞, 不用 reach32. take a photo of sb.給某人照相 , 而且是給他本人照相;take a photo for為某人照相 , 不肯定有他本人 . 33.enough修飾名詞放

28、在前, 修飾形容詞和副詞放在后.34.alone作表語 , 獨(dú)自一方 , 個(gè)體單獨(dú)lonely作表語或定語 , 心里孤獨(dú) , 孤寂 . municate with sb.和某人溝通話題寫作：隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步、科技的進(jìn)展，人們的生活發(fā)生了日新月異的變化；將來的生活將會(huì)是什么樣子的呢？誰都無法預(yù)料；請發(fā)揮想象，談一談將來的日子里，將有哪些不行思議的變化；如：很多事情由機(jī)器人或運(yùn)算機(jī)完成、在家購物、足不出戶旅行, 請以“ the life we cant imagine”為題寫一篇短文；the life we cant imaginewhat do you think of the life in t

29、he future will be like.in the future there will be more computers in our houses. computers will help us to knowa lotabouttheworld.wewillbe abletotalkby e-mail.scientistswillmake many robots.robots can help us do the cleaning, cooking and washing. we can do some shopping or see a doctor without going

30、 out of our houses.the life in the future will be very good. for this, we will study hard and turn our ideas into reality. i believe we will be able to do this.module 4語法： since用 since和和 for的用法 , forfor表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)后跟一段時(shí)間, since, 動(dòng)詞只能用連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后跟過去的時(shí)刻或過去時(shí)的句子, 不能用終止性動(dòng)詞.,come-be there, arrive inat/reach/get to

31、/come to be in/be at , go outbe out , leave be awayfrom beginbe on stop be over buy have borrow keepopen be open close be closed join-be a member of die-be deadcatch a cold have a cold get to know know become a tacher be a teacherfallasleep be asleep, getmarried/marry be married,fallillbe ill.go tob

32、ed be in bedreturn be back receive have go to sleepsleep學(xué)問點(diǎn)： 1.sick可作表語 , 也可作定語 , 修飾名詞 . ill只作表語2.get a stomachache胃痛 toothache 牙疼 headache頭疼 用 get/have a 3 catch a cold感冒 終止性動(dòng)詞 have a cold感冒 連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 4.take sbs temperature量某人的體溫5.do exercise錘煉6. be harmful to對(duì) . 有害相當(dāng)于 do harm to反義短語 ,be good for ,對(duì)有好處

33、7. firstsecondnext ,finally第一,其次然后,最終 .8. take the medicine吃藥 9.three times a day一天三次, 一次 ,once ,兩次 twice10. once a week:一周一次twice a year:一年兩次這些表示頻率的，對(duì)其提問用how often.11. by使用某種方式, 方法或交通工具, 后接名詞 , 代詞 , 或動(dòng)名詞with使用某種工具或身體某個(gè)部位, 后接名詞或代詞in 使用語言 , 語調(diào) , 筆墨或顏色 , 后接名詞或代詞.12. take a walk漫步 , take a +名詞 =have a

34、+ 名詞 take/have a look看一看take /have a swim游泳 take /have a rest休息一下take /have a cup of tea喝杯茶 .13. take part in參與會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)等,可以與 join in互換join加入某人團(tuán)體或, 成為其成員之一.14. in the last few years在過去的一段時(shí)間里 , 相當(dāng)于 in the past + 一段 時(shí)間 15.go for + 名詞 , 去進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng) go for a run 去跑步 go for a picnic去野餐 go for a ride 去騎馬 , 去乘車

35、 go for a trip 去旅行 .16. 表示建議的句型:1 ）why dont you=why not . 2）what about ./how about .怎么樣？3）would you like你想嗎. 4 ）let s讓我們吧. 5）wed better.我們最好.17. in hospital住院 , 強(qiáng)調(diào)事情 , 說明生病了18.in /at the /a hospital在醫(yī)院里 , 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)19.take care of =look after照料 , 照看 . take care =look out =be careful當(dāng)心 .20.go +doing表示去做某事；

36、go swimming去游泳 go boating去劃船 go fishing去釣魚 goskating去滑冰 go shopping去購物21.set up創(chuàng)建；設(shè)立；開辦22.all over渾身處處 23.feel awful感到不舒適24. sleepy adj.欲睡的、想睡的i often feel sleepy in class.asleep adj.睡著的、睡熟的fall asleep:入睡、睡著i felt sleepy and fell asleep soon. 25.from time to time有時(shí)，有時(shí)26.on the way在途中，在路上27.all ones

37、life一輩子，28.tooto太, 而不能 ,話題寫作：how to keep healthyit is important to keep healthy .but how to keep healthy. heres some advice. first we shouldhave a healthydiet.we shouldeat more vegetablesand fruit.weshouldhave breakfast everyday and eat less fast food. second, we should do more exercise. such as swi

38、mming,running and walking. third ,we should have good habits. we should get up on time and goto bed on time. at lastwe should have aenough sleep. if wecan do like this. we will have a healthy body.module 5.語法：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)分：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：標(biāo)志詞：always ,usually, often, sometimes , never, every day, on sun

39、days ,in the morning/afternoon,/evening,等；動(dòng)詞表現(xiàn)形式：be am is are,動(dòng)詞原形 ,動(dòng)詞 +es/s ；一般過去時(shí)：標(biāo)志詞： yesterday,theday beforeyesterday,last,ago,justnow ,in2002等 ， 動(dòng)詞表現(xiàn)形式：be-was/were v+ed,不規(guī)章動(dòng)詞過去式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： just ,already, ever ,never, yet等， since .+過去的時(shí)間， for+ 一段時(shí)間動(dòng)詞表現(xiàn)形式：have/has+ 過去分詞；.學(xué)問點(diǎn) 1.in a happy way以歡樂的方式2.th

40、e same as和, 一樣 3.climb up爬上，攀登4. can t help doing sht .忍不住做某事cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事5. its time to do sth .到做某事的時(shí)間了；it s time for +名詞 .6. beat賓語是競賽的對(duì)手，win賓主是表示競賽、戰(zhàn)爭、資金、名次等； 7.win the heart of sb.贏得某人的心8.make a mess弄得亂七八糟 9.ever since從那時(shí)起（始終到現(xiàn)在）10.more than超過，多于11.as well as也；和 , 一樣；13.lead to導(dǎo)致；

41、造成14.lead sb. to do sth .引導(dǎo)某人做某事15.lead a.life過著, 生活；16.be good at be well in善于17.decide on打算；選定18.at first起初，開頭19.mind doing sth.介意做某事類似短語： finish doing sth . practice doing sth . ,be busy doing , suggest doing sth . enjoy doing sth . miss doing sth . look forward to doing.20 would you mind doing s

42、ht .回答：不介意：not at all/certainly not /of course not ,表示介意， i m sorry ,but i do.21. across指從表面橫穿through從內(nèi)部通過；22. keep doing sth堅(jiān)持做某事，始終做某事23.keep sb. from doing sth .使某人不做某事24.keep sb. doing sth.讓某人始終做某事25.help oneself自便，任憑 , 26.both of兩者都 , all表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上27.expect to do sht .期望做某事28. 最終： finally =at la

43、st =in the end 29.one s own 某人自己的on one s own =by oneself =alone獨(dú)自地30. as well,也，相當(dāng)于 too, 前無逗號(hào)as well as放句中，動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一樣31. be popular with sb.受某人歡迎be popular in.在, 出名望be popular因, 受歡迎32. handsome 英俊的，主指男子相貌等beautiful美麗的，指女子的美，也可指物；good-looking好看的，主要用于人，不用于物pretty,美麗的，常用于女性，小孩或事物， 33.protect sb. from

44、sth .愛護(hù), 免受, 的損害stop .from /keep .from阻擋, 去做, ； 34.the number of ,的數(shù)量，后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單，常用large或 small作表語a number of大量，很多相當(dāng)于many 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)35.with the help of,/with ones help在某人的幫忙36.in the future將來，將來37.ask sb .for sth .向某人要某物38.next to鄰近 40.tell a story講故事話題寫作：假設(shè)你是玲玲，你的美國筆友jane 在寫給你的信中，介紹了美國卡通人物的情形，

45、請你依據(jù)以下提示給她回復(fù)一封信；提示： 1.美國的一些卡通人物也為很多中國孩子所寵愛，如唐老鴨 （ donald duck）、米老鼠（ mickeymouse）、貓和老鼠；2. 你最寵愛機(jī)靈英勇的猴王（monkey king ）與哪吒（ nezha） ,要求： 80 詞左右（開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；dear jane,thank you for telling me so much about cartoon characters from america. we like some ofthe characters. such as, donald duck, mickey mouse,

46、 tomand jerry.they are famous in china.china has also many cartoon heroes. all of them i like monkey king and nezha best because they are brave and clever. they can beat all the bad people. i believe you will fall inlove with them if you see them one day.yours, lingling module 6語法：英語基本簡潔句1. 主+系+表 語（

47、 s+v+p） my father is a teacher.2. 主語 +謂語（不及物動(dòng)詞） （ s+v） we work hard at english .3. 主語 +謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語（ s+v+o） he enjoys music very much.4. 主語 +謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+間接賓語 +直接賓語（ s+v+io+do） she cooked us a delicious dinner.5. 主語 +謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語 +賓語補(bǔ)足語（s+v+o+c） i often hear her sing in the next room.6. there be +主語 there

48、 is a bird in the tree.學(xué)問點(diǎn)： 1.a bit of有點(diǎn)兒，一些，修飾不行數(shù)名詞. bit of ,有點(diǎn)兒，一些，后接形容詞，同義短語： a little2.as.as和, 一樣；3.someothers一些 , 另一些 ,4.make sb .do sht .使某人做某事類似： have sb. do sth ./let sb.do sht . 5.grow up成長，長大6. show /have interest in對(duì), 表現(xiàn)出、有愛好，后接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞；7. encourage sb. to do sth .勉勵(lì)某人做某事e out出版，發(fā)表，9. su

49、ccess n.成就、勝利failure is the mother success.失敗乃勝利之母；successful adj.勝利的 successfully adv.勝利地 succeed v.勝利he finished the work successfully. he is a successful writer.10. as a result結(jié)果，因此，相當(dāng)于so , 常先交代緣由，然后用as a result引出結(jié)果；11. be interested in對(duì), 感愛好14.all the time始終，總是12. it is +adj. for sb. to do sth .

50、/it is adj .of sb. to do sth . it形式主語、13. run out of用完，耗盡，主語通常是人，of后跟時(shí)間，精力，錢或物的名詞，相當(dāng)于use up14. look forward to doing sht .希望做某事；15. be used to doing sht .習(xí)慣于做某事16.tidy up整理，整理17. take up占據(jù) take off起飛，脫下；take out拿出； take away拿走take photos拍照；take part in參與18. show sb. sht =show sth to sb .給某人看某物19. re

51、member doingsht. 記得已做過某事（已做完）， remember to dosht. 記得要做某事（未做）forget doing sht .遺忘已做過某事，forget to do sht .遺忘要做某事20. look after take care of照料，照看； look at看， look for查找； look up查字典look over檢查； look forward to doing sht .期望做某事21. pleasure : its a pleasure /my pleasure .不用謝，不客氣 ， with pleasure很愿意；22. see

52、sb do sht .觀察某人做過某事， （已過，或常常做）see sb. doing sth .觀察某人正在做某事類似的詞有：watch ,listen to ,hear ,notice .23. enjoy doing sth.寵愛做某事24.have to do sht .必需做某事 25.in ones free time在某人的業(yè)余時(shí)間26.write to寫信給 28.get ready for為, 做預(yù)備29.find out查明，找出，發(fā)覺 30.not onlybut also不僅, 而且話題寫作：my hobbydifferent people, different hob

53、bies. what hobbies do you have.ienjoyreadingbooks verymuch, because thereare lotsofinterestingthingsinthem. two years ago, ididn't like reading very much. i had plenty of time, but i spent lots of time on playingcomputersgames. wheni was veryyoung,i didn'tthinkreadingbook was interesting,because i found nothing more interesting