常用金融英語詞匯地翻譯

1、實用文檔 文案大全 常用金融英語詞匯的翻譯 acquiring company 收購公司 bad loan 呆帳 chart of cash flow 現(xiàn)金流量表 clearly-established ownership 產權清晰 debt to equity 債轉股 diversity of equities 股權多元化 economy of scale 規(guī)模經濟 emerging economies 新興經濟 exchange-rate regime 匯率機制 fund and financing 籌資融資 global financial architecture 全球金融體系 glo

2、bal integration, globality 全球一體化，全球化 go public 上市 growth spurt （經濟的）急劇增長 have one's two commas 百萬富翁 hedge against 套期保值 housing mortgage 住房按揭 holdings 控股，所持股份 holding company 控股公司 initial offerings 原始股 initial public offerings 首次公募 innovative business 創(chuàng)新企業(yè) intellectual capital 智力資本 inter-bank len

3、ding 拆借 internet customer 網(wǎng)上客戶 investment payoff period 投資回收期 joint-stock 參股 mall rat 愛逛商店的年輕人 means of production 生產要素 (the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病醫(yī)療費用社會統(tǒng)籌 mergers and acquisitions 并購 實用文檔 文案大全 mobile-phone banking 移動電話銀行業(yè) moods 人氣 net potato 網(wǎng)蟲 non-store seling 直銷 offering 新

4、股 online-banking 網(wǎng)上銀行業(yè) online-finance 在線金融 online client （銀行的）網(wǎng)上客戶 paper profit 帳面收益 physical assets 有形資產 project fund system 項目資本金制度 pyramid sale 傳銷 recapitalize 資產重組 regional corrency blocks 地區(qū)貨幣集團 regulate 調控 sell off 變現(xiàn) share(stock) option 期權，股票認購權 smart card 智能卡 slash prices 殺價 spare capacity 閑

5、置的生產能力 strong growth 強勁的增長勢頭 switch trade 轉手貿易 takepublic 上市 tap the idle assets 盤活存量資產 transaction （銀行的）交易 transfer payment from the exchequer 財政轉移支付 venture-capital 風險資本 virtual bank 虛擬銀行 wire transfer 電子轉帳 經濟金融術語漢英對照表A-B 實用文檔 文案大全 A 安全網(wǎng) safety net 按可比口徑 on comparable basis 按輕重緩急 to prioritize 暗補

6、implicit subsidy 暗虧 hidden loss B 頒發(fā)營業(yè)執(zhí)照 to license;to grant a licence to 辦理存款業(yè)務 to take deposits 保護農民的生產積極性 to protect farmers'incentive to produce 備付金（超額準備金） excess reserves 本外幣并賬 consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts 本外幣對沖操作 sterilization operation 本位利益 localized interest;dep

7、artmentalism 奔小康 to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do 避稅（請見“逃稅”） tax avoidance 幣種搭配不當 currency mismatch 幣種構成 currency composition 變相社會集資 disguised irregular（or illegal） fund raising 表外科目（業(yè)務） off-balance-sheet items（operation） 薄弱環(huán)節(jié) weaknesses;loopholes 不變成本 fixed cost 不變價 at constant p

8、rice;in real terms 不動產 real estate 不良貸款 problem loans；non-performing loans C 財務公司 finance companies 財政赤字 fiscal deficit 財政擠銀行 fiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy） 財政政策與貨幣政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies 采取循序漸進的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner 操作彈性 operationa

9、l flexibility 實用文檔 文案大全 操縱匯率 to manipulate exchange rate 產品構成 product composition;product mix 產品積壓 stock pile;excessive inventory 產銷率 current period inventory;（即期庫存，不含前期庫存）sales/output ratio 產銷銜接 marketability 產業(yè)政策 industrial policy 長期國債 treasury bonds 敞口頭寸 open position 炒股 to speculate in the stock

10、 market 承購包銷 underwrite（securities） 成套機電產品 complete sets of equipment;complete plant（s） 城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives（UCCs） 城市合作銀行 urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks 城市商業(yè)銀行 municipal commercial banks 城鄉(xiāng)居民收入增長超過物價漲幅 real growth in household income 持續(xù)升溫 persistent overheating 重復布點 duplic

11、ate projects 重置成本 replacement cost 重組計劃 restructuring plan 籌資渠道 funding sources;financing channels 初見成效 initial success 出口統(tǒng)一管理、歸口經營 canalization of exports 出口退稅 export tax rebate 儲蓄存款 household deposits（不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。） 儲蓄分流 diversion of household deposits 儲源萎縮 decline in th

12、e availability of household savings 傳導機制 transmission mechanism 從價稅 ad valorem tax 從緊控制 tight control 存貸款比例 loan/deposit ratio 存款保險體系 deposit insurance system 實用文檔 文案大全 存款貨幣銀行 deposit money banks 存款準備金 required reserves D 打白條 issue IOU 大額存單 certificate of deposit (CD) 大額提現(xiàn) withdraw deposits in large

13、 amounts 大面積滑坡 wide-spread decline 大一統(tǒng)的銀行體制 (all-in-one) mono-bank system 呆賬（請見“壞賬”） bad loans 呆賬準備金 loan loss reserves (provisions) 呆滯貸款 idle loans 貸款沉淀 non-performing loans 貸款分類 loan classification 貸款限額管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling 貸款約束機制 credit disciplinary (constraint) mechanism 代理國

14、庫 to act as fiscal agent 代理金融機構貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions 戴帽貸款 ear-marked loans 倒逼機制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 道德風險 moral hazard 地區(qū)差別 regional disparity 第一產業(yè) the primary industry 第二產業(yè) the secondary industry 第三產業(yè) the service industry;the te

15、rtiary industry 遞延資產 deferrable assets 訂貨不足 insufficient orders 定期存款 time deposits 定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources 東道國（請見“母國”） host country 獨立核算 independent accounting 短期國債 treasury bills 對沖操作 sterilization operation;hedging 實用文檔 文案大全 對非金融部門債權 claims on non-financial sector 多種所有制形式 diversif

16、ied ownership E 惡性通貨膨脹 hyperinflation 二級市場 secondary market F 發(fā)行貨幣 to issue currency 發(fā)行總股本 total stock issue 法定準備金 required reserves;reserve requirement 法人股 institutional shares 法人股東 institutional shareholders 法治 rule of law 房地產投資 real estate investment 放松銀根 to ease monetary policy 非現(xiàn)場稽核 off-site su

17、rveillance (or monitoring) 非銀行金融機構 non-bank financial institutions 非贏利性機構 non-profit organizations 分稅制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system 分業(yè)經營 segregation of financial business (services); division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions 風險暴露（風險敞口） risk

18、 exposure 風險管理 risk management 風險意識 risk awareness 風險資本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios 風險資本標準 risk-based capital standard 服務事業(yè)收入 public service charges;user's charges 扶貧 poverty alleviation 負增長 negative growth 復式預算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account G 改革試點 reform exper

19、imentation 杠桿率 leverage ratio 實用文檔 文案大全 杠桿收購 leveraged buyout 高息集資 to raise funds by offering high interest 個人股 non-institutional shares 根本扭轉 fundamental turnaround (or reversal) 公開市場操作 open market operations 公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用事業(yè) public utilities 公有經濟 the state-owned s

20、ector;the public sector 公有制 public ownership 工業(yè)成本利潤率 profit-to-cost ratio 工業(yè)增加值 industrial value added 供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply 鼓勵措施 incentives 股份合作企業(yè) joint-equity cooperative enterprises 股份制企業(yè) joint-equity enterprises 股份制銀行 joint-equity banks 固定資產貸款 fixed asset loans 關稅減免 tarif

21、f reduction and exemption 關稅減讓 tariff concessions 關稅優(yōu)惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment 規(guī)范行為 to regularize (or standardize) behavior 規(guī)模效益 economies of scale 國計民生 national interest and people's livelihood 國家對個人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 國家風險 country risk 國際分工 inte

22、rnational division of labor 國際收支 balance of payments 國有獨資商業(yè)銀行 wholly state-owned commercial banks 國有經濟（部門） the state-owned (or public) sector 國有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 國有制 state-ownership 國有資產流失 erosion of state assets 實用文檔 文案大全 國債回購 government securities repurchase 國債一級自營商 primary underwr

23、iters of government securities 過度競爭 excessive competition 過度膨脹 excessive expansion 過熱跡象 signs of overheating H 合理預期 rational expectation 核心資本 core capital 合資企業(yè) joint-venture enterprises 紅利 dividend 宏觀經濟運營良好 sound macroeconomic performance 宏觀經濟基本狀況 macroeconomic fundamentals 宏觀調控 macroeconomic manage

24、ment (or adjustment) 宏觀調控目標 macroeconomic objectives (or targets) 壞賬 bad debt 還本付息 debt service 換匯成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 匯兌在途 funds in float 匯兌支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 匯率并軌 unification of exchange rates 活期存款 demand deposits 匯率

25、失調 exchange rate misalignment 混合所有制 diversified (mixed) ownership 貨幣政策態(tài)勢 monetary policy stance 貨款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers J 基本建設投資 investment in infrastructure 基本經濟要素 economic fundamentals 基本適度 broadly appropriate 基準利率 benchmark interest rate 機關團體存款 deposits of non-profit institutions 機會

26、成本 opportunity cost 實用文檔 文案大全 激勵機制 incentive mechanism 積壓嚴重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory 擠提存款 run on banks 擠占挪用 unwarranted diversion of (financial) resources (from designated uses) 技改投資 investment in technological upgrading 技術密集型產品 technology-intensive product 計劃單列市 municipalities with indep

27、endent planning status 計劃經濟 planned economy 集體經濟 the collective sector 加大結構調整力度 to intensify structural adjustment 加工貿易 processing trade 加快態(tài)勢 accelerating trend 加強稅收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration 加權價 weighted average price 價格放開 price liberalization 價格形成機制 pricing mechanism 減虧 to reduce losses 簡化

28、手續(xù) to cut red tape;to simplify (streamline) procedures 交投活躍 brisk trading 繳存準備金 to deposit required reserves 結構扭曲 structural distortion 結構失調 structural imbalance 結構性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance 結構優(yōu)化 structural improvement (optimization) 結匯、售匯 sale and purchase of foreign exchange 金融脆弱 financial f

29、ragility 金融動蕩 financial turbulence 金融風波 financial disturbance 金融恐慌 financial panic 金融危機 financial crisis 金融壓抑 financial repression 金融衍生物 financial derivatives 實用文檔 文案大全 金融詐騙 financial fraud 緊縮銀根 to tighten monetary policy 緊縮政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies 經常賬戶可兌換 current account conve

30、rtibility 經濟特區(qū) special economic zones (SEZs) 經濟體制改革 economic reform 經濟增長方式的轉變 change in the main source of economic growth (from investment expansion to efficiency gains) 經濟增長減速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth 經濟制裁 economic sanction 經營自主權 autonomy in management 景氣回升 recovery in busin

31、ess activity 境外投資 overseas investment 競爭加劇 intensifying competition 局部性金融風波 localized (isolated) financial disturbance 開辦人民幣業(yè)務 to engage in RMB business 可維持（可持續(xù)）經濟增長 sustainable economic growth 可變成本 variable cost 可自由兌換貨幣 freely convertible currency 控制現(xiàn)金投放 control currency issuance 扣除物價因素 in real ter

32、ms;on inflation-adjusted basis 庫存產品 inventory 跨國銀行業(yè)務 cross-border banking 跨年度采購 cross-year procurement 來料加工 processing of imported materials for export ) 離岸銀行業(yè)務 off-shore banking（business） 理順外貿體制 to rationalize foreign trade regime 利率杠桿的調節(jié)作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation 利潤驅動 pro

33、fit-driven ; 利息回收率 interest collection ratio 聯(lián)行清算 inter-bank settlement 實用文檔 文案大全 連鎖企業(yè) franchise（businesses）;chain businesses 良性循環(huán) virtuous cycle 兩極分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution 零售物價指數(shù) retail price index（RPI） 流動性比例 liquidity ratio 流動資產周轉率/流通速度 velocity of liquid ass

34、ets 流動資金貸款 working capital loans 流通體制 distribution system 流通網(wǎng)絡 distribution network 留購（租賃期滿時承租人可購買租賃物） hire purchase 壟斷行業(yè) monopolized industry（sector） 亂集資 irregular（illegal）fund raising ) 亂收費 irregular（illegal）charges 亂攤派 unjustified（arbitrary）levies 買方市場 buyer's market 賣方市場 seller's market

35、賣出回購證券 matched sale of repo 貿易差額 trade balance 民間信用 non-institutionalized credit 免二減三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years 明補 explicit subsidy 明虧 explicit loss 名牌產品 brand products 母國（請見“東道國”） home country 內部控制 internal c

36、ontrol 內部審計 internal audit 內地與香港 the mainland and Hong Kong 實用文檔 文案大全 內債 domestic debt 扭虧為盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources 農副產品采購支出 outlays for agricultural procurement 農村信用社 rural credit cooperatives (RCCs) 泡沫效應 bubble effec

37、t 泡沫經濟 bubble economy 培育新的經濟增長點 to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求發(fā)展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 平衡發(fā)展 balanced development 瓶頸制約 bottleneck (constraints) 平穩(wěn)回升 steady recovery 鋪底流動資金 initial (start-up) working capital 普遍回升 broad-based recovery 配套改革 concomitant (supporting) reforms 配套人民幣資金 lo

38、cal currency funding of 企業(yè)辦社會 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities 企業(yè)集團戰(zhàn)略 corporate group strategy 企業(yè)兼并重組 company merger and restructuring 企業(yè)領導班子 enterprise management 企業(yè)所得稅 enterprise (corporate) income tax 企業(yè)效益 corporate profitability 企業(yè)資金違規(guī)流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into

39、 the stock market 欠稅 tax arrears 欠息 overdue interest 強化稅收征管 to strengthen tax administration 強制措施 enforcement action 翹尾因素 carryover effect 實用文檔 文案大全 切一刀 partial application 清理收回貸款 clean up and recover loans （破產）清算 liquidation 傾斜政策 preferential policy 區(qū)別對待 differential treatment 趨勢加強 intensifying tre

40、nd 全球化 globalization 權益回報率 returns on equity (ROE) 缺乏后勁 unsustainable momentum 繞規(guī)模貸款 to circumvent credit ceiling 人均國內生產總值 per capita GDP 人均收入 per capita income 人民幣升值壓力 upward pressure on the Renminbi (exchange rate) 認繳資本 subscribed capital 軟貸款 soft loans 軟預算約束 soft budget constraint 軟著陸 soft landin

41、g 三角債 chain debts; inter-enterprise arrears 善政廉政 good governance 商業(yè)貸款 commercial loans 上市公司 (publicly) listed corporations 設備利用 capacity utilization 社會保障 social safety net; social security (insurance) 深層次矛盾 deep-rooted structural imbalance 審批金融機構 to license financial institutions 審慎監(jiān)管 prudential sup

42、ervision 生產能力閑置 unutilized capacity 生息資產 interest-bearing assets 實際利用外資 disbursement of foreign capital; 實用文檔 文案大全 actual inflow of foreign investment 實際有效匯率 real effective exchange rate 實時 real time 實收資本 paid-in capital 實現(xiàn)利潤 realized profit 市場分割 market segmentation 市場經濟 market economy 市場占有率（市場份額） m

43、arket share 市場準入 market access (指商品和勞務的進入); market entry (指機構的審批) 市價總值 market capitalization 適度從緊 appropriately tight 適時調節(jié) timely adjustment 收回對金融機構貸款 to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions) 稅后還貸 amortization (repayment of loans) after tax 稅收流失 tax erosion 稅源不足 weak tax base 私營經濟（私人

44、經濟） the private sector 私有制 private ownership 所有者權益 owner's equity 逃稅（請見“避稅”） tax evasion 套匯 （1）指合法：currency swap; arbitrage （2）指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange 剔除季節(jié)性因素 seasonally adjusted 調節(jié)流動性 to influence liquidity level 貼現(xiàn)窗口 discount window 同比 on year-on-year basis; over the same peri

45、od of the previous year 同業(yè)拆借（放） inter-bank borrowing (lending) 同業(yè)拆借市場利率（中國） CHIBOR (China inter-bank offered rate) 實用文檔 文案大全 同業(yè)融通票據(jù) inter-bank financing bills 同業(yè)往來 inter-bank transactions 透支 overdraft 退稅 tax refund (rebate) 頭寸 position 吞吐基礎貨幣 adjustment of monetary base 脫媒現(xiàn)象 disintermediation 外部審計 e

46、xternal audit 外國直接投資 foreign direct investment (FDI) 外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves 外匯調劑 foreign exchange swap 外匯占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves; the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange hold-ings 外向型經濟 export-oriented economy 外債 external debt 外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise

47、s 完善現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度 to improve the modern enterprise system 完稅憑證 tax payment documentation 違法經營 illegal business 委托存款 entrusted deposits 穩(wěn)步增長 steady growth 穩(wěn)健的銀行系統(tǒng) a sound banking system 穩(wěn)中求進 to make progress while ensuring stability 無紙交易 book-entry (or paperless/scriptless) transaction 物價監(jiān)測 price monitoring

48、 吸納流動性 to absorb liquidity 稀缺經濟 scarcity economy 洗錢 money laundering 實用文檔 文案大全 系統(tǒng)內調度 fund allocation within a bank 系統(tǒng)性金融危機 systemic financial crisis 下崗工人 laid-off employees 下游企業(yè) down-stream enterprises 現(xiàn)場稽核 on-site examination 現(xiàn)金滯留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè) township and village

49、 enterprises (TVEs) 消費物價指數(shù) consumer price index (CPI) 消費稅 excise (consumption) tax 消滅財政赤字 to balance the budget; to eliminate fiscal deficit 銷貨款回籠 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking sys-tem 銷售平淡 lackluster sales 協(xié)議外資金額 committed amount of foreign investment 新經濟增長點 new sources of economi

50、c growth 新開工項目 new projects; newly started projects 新增貸款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion 新增就業(yè)位置 new jobs; new job opportunities 信貸規(guī)?？己?review the compliance with credit ceilings 信號失真 distorted signals 信托投資公司 trust and investment companies 信息不對稱 information asymmet

51、ry 信息反饋 feedback (information) 信息共享系統(tǒng) information sharing system 信息披露 information disclosure 信用擴張 credir expansion 信用評級 credit rating 姓“資”還是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism; socialist or captialist 行政措施 administrative measures 需求膨脹 demand expansion; excessive demand 虛偽存款 window-dressing de

52、posits 實用文檔 文案大全 削減冗員 to shed excess labor force 尋租 rent seeking 迅速反彈 quick rebound 養(yǎng)老基金 pension fund 一刀切 universal application; non-discretionary implemen-tation 一級市場 primary market 應收未收利息 overdue interest 銀行網(wǎng)點 banking outlets 贏利能力 profitability 營業(yè)稅 business tax 硬貸款（商業(yè)貸款） commercial loans 用地審批 to g

53、rant land use right 有管理的浮動匯率 managed floating exchange rate 證券投資 portfolio investment 游資（熱錢） hot money 有市場的產品 marketable products 有效供給 effective supply 誘發(fā)新一輪經濟擴張 trigger a new round of economic expansion 逾期貸款 overdue loans; past-due loans 與國際慣例接軌 to become compatible with internationally accepted pr

54、actices 與國際市場接軌 to integrate with the world market 預算外支出（收入） off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure (revenue) 預調 pre-emptive adjustment 月環(huán)比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis 再貸款 central bank lending 在國際金融機構儲備頭寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at

55、(with) the central bank 實用文檔 文案大全 在途資金 fund in float 增加農業(yè)投入 to increase investment in agriculture 增勢減緩 deceleration of growth; moderation of growth momentum 增收節(jié)支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control mea-sures 增長平穩(wěn) steady growth 增值稅 value-added tax (VAT) 漲幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;

56、 excessive growth 賬外賬 concealed accounts 折舊 depreciation 整頓 retrenchment; consolidation 政策工具 policy instrument 政策性業(yè)務 policy-related operations 政策性銀行 policy banks 政策組合 policy mix 政府干預 government intervention 證券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions 證券業(yè)務占款 funding of securities purchase 支付困難 payment difficulty 支付能力 payment capacity 直接調控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect poli