高三語法總復(fù)習省略與替代

1、對話中的省略 對話中往往用省略答句，如： “is she going to school?” “no, to the shops.” “i hope you dont mind my pointing out your mistakes.” “not at all.”并列句中的省略 my father is a teacher and my mother a doctor. john has done and will again. mary can, ought to, but wont help anyone. -jack will not finish his work until to

2、morrow. -and don will not, either.并列句中的省略 重點句型 -i went home for christmas last year. -so did lisa. -eric didnt want to miss his drink. -neither did bill.并列句中的省略 give him an inch, and he will take a yard. study hard, or you will fail to pass the exam. 由and或or連接的表示結(jié)果的兩個句子，前一個句子的連詞及主語被省略，他在形式上是祈使句，在意義上

3、表示條件。賓語從句中的省略 并列句中的賓語從句由which, when, where, how, why等疑問詞引導時，可一直保留wh-疑問詞，省略其后的分句。如： he told me he would come, but i dont know when (he would come). please hand me one of these books, i dont care which.狀語從句中的省略 在表示方式、條件、時間、讓步的狀語從句中，如其主語與主句的主語一致或是it，且謂語動詞中有be時，則從句中的主語和be都可以省略。如： 1. production is going

4、up much faster (it was) before. 2. jane can speak spanish more fluently peter .狀語從句中的省略 3.i shall come as early as possible. 4. im happy if you are (happy). 在條件狀語從句中，經(jīng)常使用一些省略了的固定在條件狀語從句中，經(jīng)常使用一些省略了的固定搭配，如：搭配，如：if any，if necessary，if possible，if so，if not，或，或if+介詞短語，介詞短語，if/unless/once + 過去分詞。過去分詞。 5.

5、 i think i can fix it tomorrow. , youll have to wait till friday. 6. is the book available, and where? 7. the universities have shown few if any signs of a willingness to change.狀語從句中的省略 8. (he was) the youngest of the class, he was the best. 由由though，although，even if引導的讓步狀引導的讓步狀語從句，通常省略主語和語從句，通常省略主

6、語和be動詞。動詞。狀語從句中的省略 9. the cause, the effect is certain. 10. his opinion, right or wrong, should be considered. 由由however, whatever, whenever, wherever, no matter how/what/when/where及及whetheror 引導的從句也經(jīng)常省略句中引導的從句也經(jīng)常省略句中的某些成分。的某些成分。狀語從句中的省略 11. crossing the road, dont forget to look at the traffic ligh

7、ts. 由由when, while, till和和until引導的狀語從句，引導的狀語從句，通常省略主語和通常省略主語和be動詞。動詞。 12. the nation rose a giant. 13. the girl looked afraid of nothing. 由由as, as if/though引導的方式狀語從句，通引導的方式狀語從句，通常省略主語和常省略主語和be動詞。動詞。不定式的省略 i wanted to come with you, but i wont be able . simon was frightened -maybe he just pretended .(

8、不說pretend to.) his job is . she hasnt decided whether during the summer vacation.不定式的省略the child did nothing except/but . what i am going to do to him is him.情態(tài)動詞完成式的省略：they should have arrived on time, and i , too. 通常用助動詞be, do, have, can, will等代替上文的全部謂語?！癮 re you going to read it?” “no，i not.”i pl

9、ay chess as well as he does.“do you think i have a chance of winning?”“yes, i think you ”.i wasnt expecting to have a good time at the party, but i .替代“will you see tony today?” “i .”“is ells staying for lunch?” “yes, i think she .”口語中常加上do，be。c.f. he isnt a great footballer now and, in my view, nev

10、er .(必須加上be)替代替代 do so可以被用來替代上文中的動詞和賓語或動詞及其補語。 she won the competition in 1997 and seems to do so (= win the competition) again. dr. lawson said, “sit down.” cathy did so (= sit down), and started to talk about her problems.替代 在非正式的口語中，do it/do that 被用來代替do so。 mrs. bakewell waved as she walked past

11、. she does it/does that/does so every morning. 注意：do so用于表達同一主語的自愿的、故意的行動。象like, remember, think, fall, lose 這樣的動詞，一般不用它去代替。替代 i promised to get the tickets, and i will as soon as possible. i havent got time to get the tickets. whos going to ?(不能說do so) 65% of the members voted for ken brown this ti

12、me, whereas 84% last year. john doesnt like porters films but i .(不能說do so) she lost her money. i wasnt surprised that she .替代 so代替句中單詞、詞組或句子，not代替否定的句子，作think, believe, guess, hope, imagine, suppose, expect, seem, appear等詞的賓語或表語；并可放在perhaps, probably, absolutely等副詞后。 he must be a worker. i imagine

13、so.替代 注意: “i dont suppose therell be any seats left.” “no, i dont suppose so/ i suppose not.”(大多數(shù)情況) “had she taken a wrong turning?” “she didnt think so.”(在think，believe, expect, imagine后，通常用notso，而不是not。)替代 “do you the think well be late?” “i hope not.”(在be afraid, guess, hope等后，只用not。) one, some, it “can i get you a drink?” “its