2022年英語復習名詞性從句

1、學習必備歡迎下載英語復習 -名詞性從句在句子中起 名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(noun clauses)。 名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句由連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞 引導。關聯(lián)詞主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句連詞連接代詞連接副詞判斷從句：（1）that the pop singer will come to this city excites everybody. （2）everybody is excited to hear th

2、at the pop singer will come to this city. （3）the news that the pop singer will come to this city excites everybody. （4）the news is that the pop singer will come to this city. （5）the news that the pop singer gave us excites everybody. （6）we should make it a rule to leave things where we can find them

3、. （一）主語從句在主從復合句中位于謂語之前 、充當 主語 功能的從句叫做主語從句。引導主語從句的連接詞常有：連詞 that，whether； 連接代詞 who， what， which 以及其強調形式whoever， whatever，whichever；和連接副詞when，where，how， why 等。1.whether it is true remains a problem. 2.that she was chosen made us very happy. 3.what i can do is to tell you the truth. 4.how the book will

4、sell depends on its author. 5.whoever told you that was lying. 6.it was obvious that the driver couldn t control his car. 主語從句：應注意問題1. 主語從句的語序主語從句要求使用_語序，而非一般疑問句語序。2. 連接詞的選用（1）that 和 what 的選用that 和 what 都可引導主語從句。what 除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當某些成分，可作從句的 _、_或 _。而 that 在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，無詞義，只起連接詞作用，但_（可以省略 /不可以省

5、略）。（2）if 和 whether 的選用引導主語從句，不能用_，只能用 _。（3）其它連接代詞和副詞的選用根據(jù)主語從句的具體意義，正確的選擇who, which, when, where, why, how等連接詞，這些連接詞既有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當各種成分。（4）whatever / whoever 的功用精品學習資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載whatever, whoever 在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導主語從句， 并在從句中作主語、賓語、

6、表語等。 whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who 。要注意和 whatever, whoever 引導的讓步狀語從句的區(qū)別。whoever breaks the law should be punished.（ anyone _ breaks the law should be punished. ）whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（ _ who breaks the law, he should be punished. ）3. it 構成的主語從句（1）由連詞that 引導的主

7、語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下會放到句子的后面，而用代詞 it 作形式主語。it is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 需要注意的是，it 作形式主語代替主語從句時，要注意和as 引導的定語從句的區(qū)別。試比較：it was reported that the us was under the terrorist attack. as was reported, the us was under the terrorist attack. （2）常見用it 作形式主語的復合句結構it is a fact (a good idea / a p

8、ity / a shame / no wonder / good news )that如：it s a pity that you missed the film. it is necessary (clear / true / strange/ important / possible )that這類主語從句中，謂語動詞很多為“_ ” 。it is necessary that you (should) master the computer. it is important that a student learn english well. it is reported (well-kn

9、own / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /ordered ) that如：it is said that he was killed in the earthquake. it seems (happened / appears / doesn t matter / makes no difference / ) that it seems that they will win the game. it makes no difference whether he will attend the m

10、eeting or not. 實戰(zhàn)演練1_ fashion differs from country to country may reflect a cultural difference from one aspect （2002 春季上海）awhat bthat cthis dwhich 2_ she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons （2000 上海）awhat；why b that；what c what；because dwhy ；that 3 _ we

11、cant get seems better than _ we have （nmet96 ）awhat；what bwhat；that cthat；that dthat；what 4 _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather （nmet96 ）aif bwhether cthat d where 5 _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present （met93 ）awhat bthat cthe fact dthe matter 6 _ you dont like him is

12、 none of my business （92 上海）awhat bwho cthat dwhether 7it worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey （ met92 ）精品學習資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載awhile bthat cif dfor 8. _ we need more practice is quite clear. a. when b. what c. that d. / 9. _ knows t

13、he truth about it will tell you. a. who that b. that c. whoever d. that who 10. _ he is doing seems quite difficult. a. how b. that c. which d. what 11. _ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production. a. thats b. this isc. its d. whats 12. _ that there is another good harves

14、t this year. a. it says b. it is said c. it was said d. he was said 13. _ that she has received a doctors degree. a. its a splendid news b. this is a splendid news c. its splendid news d. this is splendid news 14. it is strange _. a. that no one should like this book b. that no one liked this book c

15、. that why no one likes this book d. why no one likes this book 15. it is suggested that the experiment _ under low temperature. a. makes b. is make c. should be made d. will be made 16. _ still needs to be discussed. a. how is the plan to be carried out b. how the plan is to be carried out c. why i

16、s the plan carried out d. why the plan carried out （二）表語從句在主從復合句中，位于連系動詞之后 且充當 表語 的從句叫做表語從句。引導表語從句的連接詞常有：連詞that， whether；連接代詞who，what，which ；連接副詞when，where，how，why 以及其它連詞as if，as though， because等。表語從句：應注意問題a. 表語從句一定要用_語序。判斷正誤： the question is when can he arrive at the hotel. the question is when he

17、can arrive at the hotel. b. if 和 whether 的選用不能用 _，只能用 _連接表語從句 (as if 例外） 。判斷正誤： the question is if the enemy is marching towards us. the question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. it looked as if he had understood this question. c. 不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復合句中，主句時態(tài)和從句時態(tài)可以不一致。判斷正誤：the question is wh

18、o will travel with me to beijing tomorrow. the question is why he cried yesterday. d. that 在表語從句中 _。 （可以省略 /不可以省略）實戰(zhàn)演練1what the doctors really doubt is_ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon （2001 春季上海）awhen bhow cwhether dwhy 2it was _ he worked hard that he succeeded. 精品學習資料 可選擇p d

19、f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載a. because b. since c. as d. for 3go and get your coatits_ you left it （met92 ）athere bwhere cthere where dwhere there 4i had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _i got wet all through （98 上海）aits the reason bthats why ctheres why dit

20、s how 5. perseverance is a kind of quality and that s _ it takes to do anything well. (上海 2003) a. what b. that c. which d. why 6. thats _ the party called on us to do. a. what b. that c. how d. why 7. she looked _ she were ten years younger. a. that b. like c. as d. as though 8. the reason i have t

21、o go is _ if i dont. a. that she will be disappointed b. because she will be disappointed c. on account of her being disappointed d. that she will be disappointing （三）賓語從句在主從復合句中充當賓語、位于及物動詞、介詞或復合謂語之后的從句叫做賓語從句。引導賓語從句的連接詞常有：連詞that，whether， if；連接代詞who， which， what 以及其強調形式whoever，whichever，whatever；連接副詞

22、when， where， why，how 等。賓語從句：應注意問題1. 引導詞 that 的取舍t(yī)hat 引導賓語從句時，特別是在口語中that ?？墒÷浴５谙铝星闆r下，引導賓語從句的that 一般不省略 。1）當由兩個或兩個以上的that 引導的從句作同一個動詞或介詞的賓語時，第二個以及以后從句中的that 不宜省略 。如：he said（that）he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt understand 2）當動詞think, make, feel, consider 等后用 it 作形式賓語 來代替 that 引導的賓

23、語從句時。we think it necessary that we should practise spoken english every day 3）當 that 引導的賓語從句中的狀語緊接that 時。如：he said that even if it rained ，he would be able to come2引導詞whether 和 if 的選用二者引導賓語從句時，一般可換用。但在下列情況下，通常只能用whether 而不能用if。1）在引導詞后緊接_時。如：we didnt know whether or not she was ready 2）當用 if 易引起歧義時。如

24、：please let me know whether you like it please let me know if you like it 3. 從句中謂語動詞時態(tài)的選擇一般地說， 當主句謂語動詞使用的是過去 的時態(tài)時， 后面賓語從句中的時態(tài)要受主句時態(tài)的限制，用 相應的過去時態(tài)。但若賓語從句所表示的是客觀真理（規(guī)律）或人和物的經(jīng)常性、習慣性以及階段性的動作或事實時，則從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的限制。這種情況下從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時。when i was a boy，my teacher told me that the earth _ (be) round he told me he _

25、(tell) his mother the news yesterday 4從句中使用虛擬語氣的場合精品學習資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載1） 在表示建議 （advise, suggest） ， 堅持（insist） 要求（demand, require） 和命令（order, command）等動詞后的賓語從句中，常用“_ ” 的形式來表示虛擬語氣。如：i suggest that we（should） have a rest now2）表示愿望的wish 后的賓語從句

26、中須用虛擬語氣。如：i wish i could fly i wish i had known it before i wish you would stay a little longer5. 含賓語從句的疑難句型1）i we dont think 賓語從句這是一個常見的否定轉移句型。使用時常把賓語從句中的否定詞not 移至主句中，即主句謂語用否定式而從句謂語則用肯定式。該結構常譯為“ 我（我們）認為 不” 。如： we dont think there is anything of interest in your pictures2）疑問詞（ what，how，who 等） do you

27、 thinkbelievesupposeimaginesuggest 其它句子成分這是一個復雜特殊疑問句。它由一個一般疑問句（do you think ）和一個特殊疑問句（疑問詞其它句子成分）合并而成。如：when do you think he will be back ？你認為他會什么時候回來呢？實戰(zhàn)演練1i think its going to be a big problem yes， it could bei wonder _ we can do about it （2002 春季）aif bhow cwhat d that 2a computer can only do _ you

28、 have instructed it to do （nmet2001 ）ahow bafter cwhat d when 3little tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster_ he had done the day beforeathat b how cwhere d what 4these wild flowers are so special that i would do _ i can to save them （2000 春季）awhatever bthat cwhich dwhichever 5eat _ cake you l

29、ike and leave the others for _ comes in late （2000 春季上海）aany；who bevery；whoever cwhichever ；whoever deither； whoever 6it is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants （ nmet97 ）ahowever bwhatever cwhichever dwhenever 7sarah hopes to become a friend of _shares her interests （95 上海）

30、aanyone bwhomever cwhoever dno matter who 8. he was interested in _ he had seen at the exhibition. a. which b. that c. all what d. all that 9. he often thinks of _ he can do more for the four modernizations. a. what b. how c. that d. which 10. ill certainly tell the emperor _ pleased i am with it. a

31、. how b. what c. who d. whom 11. i wonder _ he asked such a silly question in public. a. how b. what c. that d. why 12. _ do you think will teach us maths next term? a. whom b. who c. what d. that 精品學習資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載13. i will give this d

32、ictionary to _ wants to have it. a. whomever b. whoever c. whom d. whatever 14. do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. a. what/however b. that/what c. whatever/whoever d. what/whatever （四）同位語從句在主從復合句中用充當同位語、說明所修飾的同位名詞的內容的從句叫做同位語從句。同位語從句通常用在idea，news，fact，thought, promise ，suggestion，be

33、lief, truth, reason, chance, information, conclusion, possibility, question, doubt, wonder，reply, order 等同位名詞的后面，說明該名詞所表示的具體內容。引導同位語從句的連接詞常有：連詞that，連接副詞how，when，where 等.。the news that our team had won the match spread the whole country. 有時如果主句的謂語動詞較短，為保持句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕， 同位語從句也常與要說明的分詞分開。word came that h

34、e died yesterday. 同位語從句：應注意問題同位語從句的引導詞: 1. 表示陳述意義時通常用that,注意 that _。 （可以省略 /不可以省略）2. 當名詞 doubt 用在否定句中時，其后的同位語從句應用_引導；而在肯定句或疑問句中時則可以用其他詞來引導。i never have the doubt that you can look after yourself. some people have the doubt how such a little boy can lift so heavy a box. 3. 連接詞 whether 和 if 的選用表示 “ 是否

35、 ” 的意思時只能用_，不能用 _。例如：the question whether he can finish the work within two days remains unknown. 4. 表示疑問時也可用其他引導詞。例如：this student asked a good question why pollution can t be stopped. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：判斷從句1. i got the news that our team won the game. 2. the news that you heard is not true. 3. do you h

36、ave any idea when the meeting will be held? 4. i don t know the exact time when the meeting will be held.5. the problem that you told me doesn t exist at all.6. many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 7. he made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.

37、實戰(zhàn)演練1.the fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. a. that b. what c. why d. which 精品學習資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 頁，共 8 頁 - - - - - - - - -學習必備歡迎下載2.i have no idea _ he will start. a. when b. that c. what d./ 3.ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be

38、held tomorrow. a. if b. that c. whether d. which 5.he often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. a. whether b. where c. that d. when 6.information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. a. while b. that c. when d. as 6.she heard a terribl

39、e noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth. a. it b. which c. this d. that 7.the fact_ he failed in the exam is not the one_ he told me. a. which; that b. that;/ c. which; which d./; that 8.it remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. a. how b. that c. when d. what 9. his s

40、uggestion _to see the art exhibition interested every one of us. a. that we go b. which we should go c. that we would go d. which we should go 10. there is no doubt _ he will pass the exam. a. when b. whether c. if d. that 語法鞏固練習一、用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空。1. what the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 2. scientists and engineers are often judged